Association of Age at Menopause and Hormone Therapy Use With Tau and β-Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography

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Geocoded Residential Maternal Exposure to Lithium in Drinking Water and Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Offspring in Denmark

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Differences in Treatment Patterns, Outcomes of Heart Attack for Low- and High-Income Patients in 6 Countries

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Comparison of Postpartum Opioid Prescriptions Before vs During Pandemic

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, APRIL 3, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of 460,000 privately insured postpartum women, patients who gave birth to a single, live newborn after March 2020 were more likely to fill more potent and more frequent opioid prescriptions than patients who gave birth prior to March 2020. Increases were larger for patients delivering via cesarean birth than those delivering vaginally. Increases in opioid prescriptions may be associated with increased risk of opioid misuse, opioid use disorder, and opioid-related overdose among postpartum women. 

Authors: Shelby R. Steuart, M.P.A., of the University of Georgia in Athens, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.6438)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Birth Outcomes Following ART Conception in Same-Sex Lesbian Couples vs Natural and ART Conception in Heterosexual Couples

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, APRIL 4, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This study demonstrated that same-sex lesbian couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) had more favorable or similar birth outcomes to heterosexual couples who conceived naturally or underwent ART to conceive, suggesting that infertility-related factors rather than reproductive treatments contribute to higher rates of adverse birth outcomes in ART pregnancies. 

Authors: Alice Goisis, Ph.D., of University College London, is the corresponding author.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.1345)

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Association Between Daily Alcohol Intake and Risk of All-Cause Mortality

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, MARCH 31, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 107 studies involving more than 4.8 million participants, daily low or moderate alcohol intake was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality risk, while increased risk was evident at higher consumption levels, starting at lower levels for women than men. 

Authors: Jinhui Zhao, Ph.D., of the University of Victoria in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.6185)

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Racial, Ethnic Differences in Insurance After Job Loss During COVID-19

JAMA Health Forum

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, MARCH 31, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

 

About The Study: While the decline in employer-sponsored insurance in 2020 was offset by an increase in Medicaid coverage among newly unemployed white working-age adults, there was no such rise among newly unemployed Black and Hispanic workers. 

Authors: Peter J. Huckfeldt, Ph.D., of the University of Minnesota School of Public Health in Minneapolis, is the corresponding author.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0168)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Delayed or Forgone Care Due to Patient-Clinician Identity Discordance Among Cancer Survivors

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Estimated Probability Distribution of Bleeding After Pediatric Tonsillectomy

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Racial Disparities in Pathological Complete Response Among Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MARCH 30, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of 690 patients with early-stage breast cancer, racial disparities in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy were associated with disparities in survival and varied across different breast cancer subtypes. This study highlights the potential benefits of better understanding the biology of primary and residual tumors. 

Authors: Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, M.B.B.S., and Dezheng Huo, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Chicago, are the corresponding authors. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3329)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Racial, Ethnic, Education Differences in Age of Smoking Initiation Among Young Adults

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MARCH 30, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.5742?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=033023

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: Declines in smoking prevalence and increases in the age of smoking initiation occurred more slowly for young adults with less formal education, widening existing education disparities between 2002 and 2019. Black young adults had lower smoking prevalence and older age of smoking initiation than white young adults. However, declines in smoking prevalence and increases in the age of smoking initiation occurred more slowly for this group. 

Authors: Alyssa F. Harlow, Ph.D., of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.5742)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Association of Obesity With Diverticulitis in Hispanic and Latino American Individuals

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Assessing the Burden of Suicide Death Associated With Nonoptimum Temperature in a Changing Climate

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Twenty-Year Trends in Drug Overdose Fatalities Among Older Adults in the US

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Association of Body Surface Area With Access to Deceased Donor Liver Transplant and Novel Allocation Policies

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Association Between Acute Alcohol Use, Firearm-Involved Suicide

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: This study of suicide decedents who had consumed alcohol prior to their death suggests that, as alcohol consumption increased, the probability of a firearm-involved suicide increased until a certain blood alcohol concentration, at which point the probability started to decrease. The findings suggest that interventions targeting heavy alcohol use may aid in efforts to reduce the suicide mortality rate, particularly suicides involving a firearm. 

Authors: Shannon Lange, M.P.H., Ph.D., of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.5248)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Association of Receipt of Opioid Use Disorder-Related Telehealth Services and Medications for Opioid Use Disorder With Fatal Drug Overdoses

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Researchers found in this study that among Medicare beneficiaries initiating opioid use disorder-related care during the COVID-19 pandemic, receipt of opioid use disorder-related telehealth services was associated with reduced risk for fatal drug overdose, as was receipt of medications for opioid use disorder from opioid treatment programs and receipt of buprenorphine in office-based settings.

Authors: Christopher M. Jones, Pharm.D., Dr.P.H., M.P.H., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.

 

(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0310)

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Risk of Adverse Surgical Outcomes Among Patients With Recent COVID-19 Infection

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MARCH 28, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4876?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=032823

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: The findings of this study that included 29,000 patients suggest that recent COVID-19 infection was not associated with risk of adverse postoperative outcomes, regardless of timing within the previous 60 days. 

Authors: William J. O’Brien, M.S., of Veterans Affairs Boston, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4876)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Association of Daily Step Patterns With Mortality in Adults

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MARCH 28, 2023

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.5174?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=032823

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of 3,101 adult participants, the number of days per week taking 8,000 steps or more was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a curvilinear fashion. The findings suggest that for adults who face difficulties in exercising regularly, achieving the recommended daily steps only a couple days a week may have meaningful health benefits.

Authors: Kosuke Inoue, M.D., Ph.D., of Kyoto University in Kyoto, Japan, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.5174)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Assessment of Reported Time to Access a Loaded Gun Among Colorado Adolescents

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https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0080?guestAccessKey=f22c5bcb-75e1-49bd-9765-c5e0386992c5&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=032723

Expectations, Prior Experiences Associated With Adverse Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, MARCH 27, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4732?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=032723

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of 1,678 participants, expectations of low benefit and high adverse effects, the tendency to catastrophize instead of normalize benign bodily sensations, and prior negative experiences were associated with COVID-19 vaccination adverse effects. Clinician-patient interactions and public vaccine campaigns may both benefit from these insights by optimizing and contextualizing information provided about COVID-19 vaccines. 

Authors: Ingmar Schafer, Ph.D., of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf in Hamburg, Germany, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4732)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Pediatric Mental Health Hospitalizations at Acute Care Hospitals in the US

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MARCH 28, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: In this analysis of a national data set representing an estimated 4.7 million pediatric hospitalizations between 2009 and 2019, the number and proportion of pediatric acute care hospitalizations due to mental health diagnoses increased significantly. The majority of mental health hospitalizations in 2019 included a diagnosis of attempted suicide, suicidal ideation, or self-injury, underscoring the increasing importance of this concern. 

Authors: Mary Arakelyan, M.P.H., of the Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, New Hampshire, is the corresponding author.

 

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.1992)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Association of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Pathway With Buprenorphine Initiation

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0245?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=032423

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

Food Insecurity and Cognitive Trajectories in Older Adults

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, MARCH 24, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4674?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=032423

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study using data from 3,037 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries, food insecurity was prevalent and associated with a decline in executive function. Interventions and policies aiming to increase healthy food access or reduce food insecurity should be assessed for their impact on older adults’ cognitive outcome. 

Authors: Boeun Kim, Ph.D., M.P.H., R.N., of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4674)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Marriage, Children, Sex-Based Differences in Physician Hours and Income

JAMA Health Forum

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, MARCH 24, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0136?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=032423

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

 

About The Study: Marriage and children were associated with a greater earnings penalty for female physicians, primarily due to fewer hours worked relative to men, in this study of 95,000 U.S. physicians. Addressing the barriers that lead to women working fewer hours could contribute to a reduction in the male-female earnings gap while helping to expand the effective physician workforce. 

Authors: Lucy Skinner, M.P.H., of the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth in Hanover, New Hampshire, is the corresponding author.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0136)

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Association of Treatment With Nirmatrelvir and the Risk of Post–COVID-19 Condition

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MARCH 23, 2023

Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This cohort study found that in people with SARS-CoV-2 infection who had at least one risk factor for progression to severe disease, treatment with nirmatrelvir within five days of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result was associated with reduced risk of post−COVID-19 condition (also known as long COVID) across the risk spectrum in this cohort and regardless of vaccination status and history of prior infection. The totality of the findings suggests that treatment with nirmatrelvir during the acute phase of COVID-19 may reduce the risk of post–acute adverse health outcomes. 

Authors: Ziyad Al-Aly, M.D., of the VA St. Louis Health Care System in St. Louis, is the corresponding author.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0743)

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Mental Distress Among Female Individuals of Reproductive Age After Overturning of Roe v Wade

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MARCH 23, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: This case control study found that for female individuals, the loss of abortion rights was associated with a 10% increase in prevalence of mental distress relative to the mean over the three months after the Supreme Court of the U.S. decision. Restricting legal abortion access may be associated with disproportionate outcomes among individuals of lower socioeconomic status and in medically underserved areas, who may experience greater economic and mental health burdens of having unwanted pregnancies due to increased travel costs of obtaining abortions. 

Authors: Muzhe Yang, Ph.D., of Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4509)

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Risk Factors Associated With Post−COVID-19 Condition

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MARCH 23, 2023

Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This systematic review and meta-analysis of 41 studies including 860,000 patients found that certain demographic characteristics (e.g., age and sex), comorbidities, and severe COVID-19 were associated with an increased risk of post−COVID-19 condition (PCC; also known as long COVID), whereas vaccination had a protective role against developing PCC sequelae. These findings may enable a better understanding of who may develop PCC and provide additional evidence for the benefits of vaccination.  

Authors: Vassilios S. Vassiliou, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., of Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital in Norwich, United Kingdom, is the corresponding author.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0750)

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Assessment of Team Dynamics and Operative Efficiency in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

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Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy vs Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Self-help for Depression

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Heterogeneous Treatment Effects of Therapeutic-Dose Heparin in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19

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Effects of Standard-Dose Prophylactic, High-Dose Prophylactic, and Therapeutic Anticoagulation in Patients With Hypoxemic COVID-19 Pneumonia

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Association of Patients’ Direct Addition of Buprenorphine to Urine Drug Test Specimens With Clinical Factors in Opioid Use Disorder

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Organ Transplants From Deceased Donors With Primary Brain Tumors and Risk of Cancer Transmission

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Prevalence of Statin Use for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease by Race, Ethnicity, 10-Year Disease Risk

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MARCH 22, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Statin use for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was low among all race and ethnicity groups regardless of ASCVD risk, with the lowest use occurring among Black and Hispanic adults in this study of survey data representing 39.4 million adults. Improvements in access to care may promote equitable use of primary prevention statins in Black and Hispanic adults.

Authors: Joshua A. Jacobs, Pharm.D., of the Spencer Fox Eccles University of Utah School of Medicine in Salt Lake City, and Ambarish Pandey, M.D., of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, are the corresponding authors.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2023.0228)

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Cost-Effectiveness of Mailed Home-Based HPV Self-Sampling Kits for Cervical Cancer Screening

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MARCH 22, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this analysis involving 19,000 female participants, mailing human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling kits to women overdue for cervical cancer screening was cost-effective for increased screening uptake relative to usual care. These results support mailing HPV kits as an efficient outreach strategy for increasing screening rates among eligible women in U.S. health care systems. 

Authors: Richard T. Meenan, Ph.D., M.P.H., M.B.A., of Kaiser Permanente Northwest in Portland, Oregon, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4052)

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Associations Between Parent-Adolescent Relationships and Young Adult Health

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MARCH 21, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that adolescents’ positive perceptions of their relationships with their mothers and fathers are associated with a wide range of favorable outcomes in young adulthood. Investments in improving parent-adolescent relationships may have substantial benefits for young adult population health. 

Authors: Carol A. Ford, M.D., of Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3944)

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Association Between Rates of Down Syndrome Diagnosis in States With vs Without 20-Week Abortion Bans

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MARCH 21, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of 31 million births in the United States from 2011 to 2018, neonatal Down syndrome diagnoses increased more in states that enacted 20-week abortion bans compared with states that did not enact bans. Because these abortion bans were enacted throughout the study period and are known to inhibit choice in patient decision-making, it is possible that the difference in the rates of diagnosis is associated with these policies. 

Authors: Sarina R. Chaiken, B.A., and Aaron B. Caughey, M.D., Ph.D., of the Oregon Health & Science University in Portland, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3684)

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Patient and Hospital Characteristics Associated With Postpartum Emergency Department Care

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MARCH 21, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: This study including 608,000 obstetric discharges found that Black and Hispanic patients experienced higher adjusted odds of postpartum emergency department visits across all hospital types, particularly at safety net hospitals and those disproportionately serving racial and ethnic minority populations. These findings support the urgent need to mitigate structural racism underlying maternal health disparities. 

Authors: Michelle P. Lin, M.D., M.P.H., M.S., of Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3927)

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Six-Year Cognitive Trajectory in Older Adults Following Major Surgery and Delirium

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Evaluating the Accuracy of Pulse Oximetry in Children According to Race

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Gender Disparity in NIH Funding Among Surgeon-Scientists

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, MARCH 20, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: The results of this study of National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded surgeons suggest that women surgeons remained underrepresented among surgeon-scientists over a 25-year period despite early career success in receiving NIH funding. These findings suggest that substantial additional support for women surgeon-scientists is necessary to achieve a gender-diverse surgical research workforce. 

Authors: Mytien Nguyen, M.S., of the Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3630)

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Daily Step Counts Before, After Onset of COVID-19

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, MARCH 20, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: The findings of this study suggest a consistent, widespread, and significant decline in activity following the onset of COVID-19 in the United States. Vulnerable populations, including individuals at a lower socioeconomic status and those reporting worse mental health in the early COVID-19 period, were at the highest risk of reduced activity. The researchers found a significant decline in daily step counts that persisted even after most COVID-19–related restrictions were relaxed, suggesting COVID-19 affected long-term behavioral choices. It is currently unknown whether this reduction is steps is clinically meaningful over time. 

Authors: Evan L. Brittain, M.D., M.Sc., of Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3526)

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Projected COVID-19 Mortality Reduction From Paxlovid Rollout

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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

Association of Warm or Cold Air Temperatures With Lung Function in Young Infants

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, MARCH 17, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: Long-term heat and cold exposure from the second trimester until four weeks after birth was associated with newborn lung volumes, especially among female newborns, in this study of 343 mother-child pairs. The findings suggest an association between ambient temperature and newborns’ respiratory systems and underlines the vulnerability of pregnant women and their future children to climate change. 

Authors: Ariane Guilbert, M.Sc., and Johanna Lepeule, Ph.D., of Universite Grenoble Alpes in La Tronche, France, are the corresponding authors. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3376)

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Association of Household Opioid Availability With Opioid Overdose

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, MARCH 17, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of Oregon residents in households of at least two members, the findings suggest that household prescription availability is associated with increased odds of opioid overdose for others in the household, even if they do not have their own opioid prescription. These findings underscore the importance of educating patients about proper opioid disposal and the risks of household opioids. 

Authors: Michelle A. Hendricks, Ph.D., of Comagine Health in Portland, Oregon, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3385)

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Financial Disclosures Reported by Industry Among Authors of the American Academy of Ophthalmology Clinical Practice Guidelines

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Readmission Rates, Episode Costs for Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MARCH 16, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of 722,000 hospitalization episodes, patients with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) had higher readmission rates and overall readmission and episode costs than their counterparts without ADRD. Hospitals may need to be better equipped to care for patients with ADRD, especially in the post-discharge period. Considering that any type of hospitalization may put patients with ADRD at a high risk of 30-day readmission, judicious preoperative assessment, postoperative discharge, and care planning are strongly advised for this vulnerable patient population. 

Authors: Neil Kamdar, M.A., of the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.2109)

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Financial Hardship and Employment Loss Among Adults With Disabilities During COVID-19

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MARCH 16, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: This survey study found that people with disabilities were more likely to report household employment loss and financial hardship during the initial COVID-19 pandemic, which are especially pronounced among racial and ethnic minority respondents. These findings suggest people with disabilities may be disproportionately affected by the initial pandemic and may require additional resources and policy strategies (e.g., training programs, workplace accommodations) as several labor markets adapt to the pandemic (e.g., shifting to remote working). 

Authors: Kea Turner, Ph.D., M.P.H., M.A., of the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute in Tampa, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3364)

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State-Level Cardiovascular Mortality Rates Among Hispanic, Black, and White Populations

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Development, Clinical Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Support Tool for Improving Telemedicine Photo Quality

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.0091?guestAccessKey=65774487-902b-4ce9-8ab0-85422192b863&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=031523

Postoverdose Outreach Programs and Subsequent Opioid Overdose Deaths in Massachusetts Municipalities

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0109?guestAccessKey=3e02452f-3c37-4f2c-952e-08074af80810&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=031523

Effect of Sleep Changes on Health-Related Quality of Life in Healthy Children

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MARCH 15, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3005?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=031523

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: Results of this secondary analysis of a randomized trial involving 100 healthy children ages 8 to 12 indicated that even 39 minutes less of sleep per night for one week significantly reduced several facets of health-related quality of life in children. This finding shows that ensuring children receive sufficient good-quality sleep is an important child health issue. 

Authors: Rachael W. Taylor, Ph.D., of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3005)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Estimated COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness, Illness Severity During Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 Periods

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MARCH 15, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.2598?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=031523

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this case-control study of COVID-19 vaccines and illness, vaccine effectiveness associated with protection against medically attended COVID-19 illness was lower with increasing time since last dose; estimated vaccine effectiveness was higher after receipt of one or two booster doses compared with a primary series alone. 

Authors: Ruth Link-Gelles, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team in Atlanta, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.2598)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health Symptoms, and Modifiable Health Factors in Women During the Pandemic

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MARCH 14, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.2977?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=031423

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: The results of this study showed that intimate partner violence experiences at the start of the pandemic were associated with worse mental health symptoms and modifiable health factors for female participants younger than age 60. Screening and interventions for intimate partner violence and related health factors are needed to prevent severe, long-term health consequences. 

Authors: Arielle A. J. Scoglio, Ph.D., of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.2977)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

#  #  #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.