Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity

Posted December 7, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 11, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.24945?guestAccessKey=753fc442-37ad-47c9-9aac-307204ec3055&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=121123

About The Study: In participants with obesity or overweight, withdrawing tirzepatide led to substantial regain of lost weight, whereas continued treatment maintained and augmented initial weight reduction in this randomized clinical trial that included 670 adults.

Authors: Louis J. Aronne, M.D., of Weill Cornell Medicine in New York, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24945)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Adolescent Body Mass Index and Early Chronic Kidney Disease in Young Adulthood

Posted December 7, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 11, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5420?guestAccessKey=e46a96db-05e9-4331-b54a-612049629585&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=121123

About The Study: High body mass index (BMI) in late adolescence was associated with early chronic kidney disease in young adulthood in this study that included 593,000 adolescents. The risk was also present in seemingly healthy individuals with high-normal BMI and before 30 years of age, and a greater risk was seen among those with severe obesity. These findings underscore the importance of mitigating adolescent obesity rates and managing risk factors for kidney disease in adolescents with high BMI.

Authors: Gilad Twig, M.D., Ph.D., of the Israel Defense Forces, Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5420)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Metformin Plus Insulin for Preexisting Diabetes or Gestational Diabetes in Early Pregnancy

Posted December 7, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 2023

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.22949?guestAccessKey=1f4301bf-03e2-4333-8f8b-e43124e3b2fe&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=121223

About The Study: Using metformin plus insulin to treat preexisting type 2 or gestational diabetes diagnosed early in pregnancy did not reduce a composite neonatal adverse outcome in a randomized clinical trial of 794 pregnant adults. The effect of reduction in odds of a large-for-gestational-age infant observed after adding metformin to insulin warrants further investigation.

Authors: Kim A. Boggess, M.D., of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.22949)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Cannabis Exposure and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Related to Placental Function

Posted December 7, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.21146?guestAccessKey=6db1ecc3-e890-4a37-b7fc-de27672ad2d8&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=121223

About The Study: In a multicenter observational cohort, a composite adverse pregnancy outcome (small-for-gestational-age birth, medically indicated preterm birth, stillbirth, or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) was more frequent in pregnant individuals with cannabis exposure ascertained by a urine drug assay compared with unexposed individuals. The risk for an adverse outcome was higher among those who continued to use cannabis beyond the first trimester.

Authors: Torri Metz, M.D., M.S., of University of Utah Health in Salt Lake City, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21146)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Obesity and Outcomes of Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19–Related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Yoga vs Cognitive Processing Therapy for Military Sexual Trauma–Related PTSD

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Prosocial Interventions and Health Outcomes

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Screen Time and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Urban Living Environment and Myopia in Children

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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County–Level Variation in Preterm Birth Rates

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 8, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46864?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120823

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: In this analysis of U.S. county-level preterm and early preterm birth rates, substantial geographic disparities were observed, which were associated with place-based social disadvantage. Stability in aggregated rates of preterm birth at the national level masked increases in nearly 1 in 6 counties between 2007 and 2019.

Authors: Sadiya S. Khan, M.D.,M.S., of the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46864)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Racial and Ethnic Differences in Hospice Use Among Medicaid-Only and Dual-Eligible Decedents

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Health Forum

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 8, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4240?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120823

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

About The Study: In this study, in both Medicaid only and dual-eligible populations, Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black individuals had the lowest odds of receiving hospice, and Hispanic individuals had the highest odds of a short hospice stay. Knowledge about, access to, and acceptance of hospice may be lacking for these low-income individuals. Further research is needed to understand barriers to and facilitators of hospice use for people with nursing facility stays.

Authors: Julie Robison, Ph.D., of UConn Health, Center on Aging in Farmington, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4240)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Telehealth Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement vs Usual Care in Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder and Pain

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 7:45 P.M. (ET), THURSDAY, DECEMBER 7, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry 34th Annual Meeting and Scientific Symposium.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5138?guestAccessKey=074c6b78-14a5-44ef-9c3e-bd1b43d60f89&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120723

About The Study: In this randomized clinical trial of 154 individuals with chronic pain in methadone treatment for an opioid use disorder, relative to usual care, Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) plus usual care demonstrated efficacy for decreasing drug use, pain, and depression and increasing methadone treatment retention and adherence. Participants receiving MORE attended eight weekly, 2-hour telehealth groups that provided training in mindfulness, reappraisal, and savoring in addition to usual care.

Authors: Nina Cooperman, Psy.D., of Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School in Piscataway, New Jersey, is the corresponding author.

(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5138)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Pregnancy After Breast Cancer in Young BRCA Carriers

Posted December 6, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 9:15 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, DECEMBER 7, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2023.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.25463?guestAccessKey=47268212-d4d9-4b60-b788-badab43b87df&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120723

About The Study: This international, hospital-based, retrospective cohort study including 4,732 BRCA carriers showed that 1 in 5 patients conceived within 10 years after breast cancer diagnosis. Pregnancy following breast cancer in BRCA carriers was not associated with decreased disease-free survival.

Authors: Matteo Lambertini, M.D., of the University of Genova in Genova, Italy, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.25463)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Opportunistic Screening With Low-Dose Computed Tomography and Lung Cancer Mortality in China

Posted December 8, 2023 by Alexandra Marusarz

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Antiplatelet Therapy, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression, and Clinical Outcomes

Posted December 8, 2023 by Alexandra Marusarz

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Time to Diagnosis and Treatment of Lyme Disease by Patient Race

Posted December 8, 2023 by Alexandra Marusarz

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Percutaneous Coronary Intervention–Capable Facility Openings and Heart Attack Outcomes by Patient Race and Community Segregation

Posted December 8, 2023 by Alexandra Marusarz

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.47311?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=121223

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: This study found differential benefits associated with a percutaneous coronary intervention–capable facility (PCI-CF) opening based on patient race and community segregation. Black patients in integrated communities demonstrated the greatest benefits across all outcomes, including a five times greater likelihood of receiving same-day PCI after a PCI-CF opening compared with white patients in segregated communities.

Authors: Renee Y. Hsia, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.

(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.47311)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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COVID-19 Symptoms and Economic Hardship Among US Families

Posted December 8, 2023 by Alexandra Marusarz

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.47318?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=121223

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that persistent COVID-19 symptoms and, to a lesser extent, previous severe COVID-19 were associated with increased odds of pandemic-related economic hardship in a cohort of U.S. families. The economic consequences of COVID-19 varied according to socioeconomic status; families with lower income before the pandemic were more vulnerable to employment disruptions and earnings losses associated with an adult family member’s COVID-19 illness.

Authors: Nicole L. Hair, Ph.D., of the University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health in Columbia, is the corresponding author.

(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.47318)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Well-Being of US Military Veterans

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Population Attributable Risk of Advanced-Stage Breast Cancer by Race and Ethnicity

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.5242?guestAccessKey=b87f9f7d-0ebf-4471-9623-03f54aa5bb8e&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120723

Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise and Tai Chi Interventions on Sleep Quality in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.5248?guestAccessKey=9adbb65c-ab4c-4c3f-b228-11f94fde3d46&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120723

Global, Regional, and National Epidemiology of Visual Impairment In Working-Age Individuals

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.5617?guestAccessKey=1d10bba9-e62b-4b70-8493-0df3bccc269a&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120723

Emergency Department Care for Children During the 2022 Viral Respiratory Illness Surge

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Nature-Based Interventions for Autistic Children

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Mental Health of Children With Special Educational Needs and the Return to In-Person Learning After the Pandemic

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Performance of Large Language Models on a Neurology Board–Style Examination

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Clinical Trial Enrollment Among Women With Gynecologic Cancer

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, DECEMBER 7, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46494?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120723

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: Clinical trial enrollment was lower among certain minoritized racial and ethnic groups in this study of 562,000 women with endometrial, ovarian, or cervical cancer. Continued efforts are needed to address disparate clinical trial enrollment among underrepresented groups.

Authors: Ashley S. Felix, Ph.D., of Ohio State University in Columbus, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46494)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Opioid Prescribing by Surgeons

Posted December 5, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, DECEMBER 7, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46426?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120723

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: This study found that during 2016 to 2022, the rate and size of opioid prescriptions from U.S. surgeons declined, but these declines were slower after mid-2020 compared with before 2020. During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the opioid dispensing rate declined, potentially owing to decreased surgical volume, while opioid prescription size increased, potentially because surgeons wrote larger discharge prescriptions owing to barriers to obtaining refills. However, these changes were transient.

Authors: Kao-Ping Chua, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46426)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Patterns of Telemedicine Use and Glycemic Outcomes of Endocrinology Care for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Risk Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease With and Without Race Stratification

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Barber Knowledge and Recommendations for Pseudofolliculitis Barbae

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Clinical Outcomes of Magnetic Seizure Therapy vs Electroconvulsive Therapy for Major Depressive Episode

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Single-Dose Synthetic Psilocybin With Psychotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Type II Major Depressive Episodes

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4685?guestAccessKey=949f760f-c997-4e6e-915a-6655aef2baf6&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120623

Analyzing Surgical Technique in Diverse Open Surgical Videos With Multitask Machine Learning

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Treatment of Severe Palmoplantar Pustular Psoriasis With Bimekizumab

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Dermatology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8:15 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at Journées Dermatologiques de Paris 2023.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.5051?guestAccessKey=3599d068-5c7a-4564-91b3-968f559d7d21&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120623

About The Study: The findings of this case series of 21 patients suggest that bimekizumab could be an appealing approach for treating palmoplantar pustulosis, palmoplantar plaque psoriasis with pustules, and SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) syndrome. Bimekizumab is an anti–IL-17A and anti–IL-17F antibody therapy that has been useful for treating psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Prospective randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm these encouraging initial results.

Authors: Thierry Passeron, M.D., Ph.D., of the Université Côte d’Azur in Nice, France, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.5051)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Economic Burden of Health Conditions Associated With Adverse Childhood Experiences Among US Adults

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46323?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120623

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: In this cross-sectional analysis of the U.S. adult population, 63% of adults had adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The economic burden of ACE-related health conditions was substantial. The findings suggest that measuring the economic burden of ACEs can support decision-making about investing in strategies to improve population health.

Authors: Cora Peterson, Ph.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46323)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Evaluation of Stigma Toward Individuals With Acne

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Dermatology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This survey study with 1,357 respondents demonstrates that stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with acne existed across a variety of social and professional scenarios, with severe acne and acne in darker skin tone being associated with a greater degree of stigma. These findings highlight the need to identify approaches to reduce stigmatizing attitudes in the community and for adequate access to care, which might prevent negative downstream effects related to these stigmatizing attitudes.

Authors: John S. Barbieri, M.D., M.B.A., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.4487)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Tests With Self-Collected vs Health Care Worker–Collected Nasal and Throat Swab Specimens

Posted December 4, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44295?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120623

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: This randomized clinical trial found that a single health care worker-collected throat specimen had higher sensitivity for rapid antigen testing for SARS-CoV-2 than a nasal specimen. In contrast, the self-collected nasal specimens had higher sensitivity than throat specimens for symptomatic participants. Adding a throat specimen to the standard practice of collecting a single nasal specimen could improve sensitivity for rapid antigen testing in health care and home-based settings.

Authors: Tobias Todsen, M.D., Ph.D., of Copenhagen University Hospital in Copenhagen, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44295)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Time to Cancer Treatment and Chemotherapy Relative Dose Intensity for Patients With Breast Cancer Living With HIV

Posted December 1, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Among Informal Caregivers of People With Chronic Health Conditions

Posted December 1, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Four Methods for Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus Activity in Schools

Posted December 1, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Pregnancy Weight Gain After Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy

Posted December 1, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46228?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120523

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: Women with a history of bariatric surgery had lower pregnancy weight gain than matched controls with similar early pregnancy characteristics in this study of 12,000 pregnancies. Pregnancy weight gain was lower in those with a shorter surgery-to-conception interval or lower surgery-to-conception weight loss, but did not differ by surgical procedure.

Authors: Huiling Xu, M.D., M.Sc., of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46228)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Objective Sleep Duration and All-Cause Mortality Among People With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Posted December 1, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: In this study of 2,574 participants with obstructive sleep apnea, compared with participants with objective sleep duration of at least seven hours, those sleeping less than seven hours had higher risks of all-cause mortality independent of apnea-hypopnea index. Further studies would be needed to investigate health benefits of extending sleep length among people with obstructive sleep apnea with short sleep duration.

Authors: Shichao Wei, M.D., of Fujian Medical University in Fuzhou, China, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46085)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Pediatric Patients Hospitalized With Eating Disorders in Ontario, Canada, Over Time

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Adenotonsillectomy for Snoring and Mild Sleep Apnea in Children

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Consequences of a Health System Not Knowing Which Patients Are Deceased

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Time-Series Analysis of First-Time Pediatric Speech Delays From 2018 to 2022

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Exposure to Agent Orange and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among US Military Personnel

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Longitudinal Sleep Patterns and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Mortality and Morbidity Among Individuals With Hypertension Receiving a Diuretic, ACE Inhibitor, or Calcium Channel Blocker

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44998?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120423

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: In this prespecified secondary analysis of outcomes of 32,000 participants in a randomized clinical trial and post-trial up to 23 years later among adults with hypertension and coronary heart disease risk factors, cardiovascular disease mortality was similar between all three antihypertensive treatment groups (thiazide-type diuretic, calcium channel blocker, or angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitor). ACE inhibitors increased the risk of stroke outcomes by 11% compared with diuretics, and this effect persisted well beyond the trial period.

Authors: Jose-Miguel Yamal, Ph.D., of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44998)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Types of On-Screen Content and Mental Health in Kindergarten Children

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: The results of this study that included nearly 16,000 kindergarten children indicated that both total screen time and different types of content were associated with mental health problems in children ages 3 to 6. Limiting children’s screen time, prioritizing educational programs, and avoiding non–child-directed programs are recommended.

Authors: Fan Jiang, M.D., Ph.D., and Yunting Zhang, Ph.D., of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in Shanghai, China, are the corresponding authors.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5220)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Maternal Prenatal Depressive Symptoms and Fetal Growth During the Critical Rapid Growth Stage

Posted November 30, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46018?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120423

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: Maternal depressive symptoms were associated with slower fetal growth rate in the critical rapid growth stage before delivery in this study including 2,676 mother-offspring dyads. Early screening for depressive disorders in pregnant women appears to be essential for fetal growth and later health.

Authors: Zhenmi Liu, Ph.D., and Jiaqiang Liao, Ph.D., of Sichuan University in Chengdu, China, are the corresponding authors.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.46018)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Use of Voice-Based Conversational AI for Basal Insulin Prescription Management Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Posted November 29, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Outcomes of Veterans Treated in Veterans Affairs Hospitals vs Non–Veterans Affairs Hospitals

Posted November 29, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Use of Novel Hormonal Therapy Agents in Patients With Prostate Cancer

Posted November 29, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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COVID-19 Admission Rates and Changes in Hospital Inpatient and Intensive Care Unit Occupancy

Posted November 29, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4206?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120123

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Use of Recommended Therapies for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, 1999-2020

Posted November 29, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 1, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45964?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120123

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: In this study of 5,218 adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, significant disparities persisted between current care and optimal care, surpassing any differences observed among demographic groups. These findings highlight the critical need for sustained efforts to bridge these gaps and achieve better outcomes for all patients, regardless of their racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Authors: Harlan M. Krumholz, M.D., S.M., of Yale New Haven Hospital in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45964)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Trends in Adult Smoking Prevalence

Posted November 29, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Health Forum

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 1, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4213?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=120123

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

About The Study: This analysis of survey data from 353,000 U.S. adults found that smoking prevalence decreased from 2011 to 2022 in all age groups except adults 65 years or older, with faster decreases among younger than older adults. These findings suggest that the greatest gains in terms of reducing smoking-attributable morbidity and mortality could be achieved by focusing on individuals with low socioeconomic status, as this population has the highest smoking rates and the worst health prospects.

Authors: Rafael Meza, Ph.D., of the BC Cancer Research Institute in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4213)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Psychiatric Comorbidities and Schizophrenia in Youths With ADHD

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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A Learning Program for Treatment Recommendations by Molecular Tumor Boards and AI

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Pancreatic Replacement Therapy for Maladaptive Behaviors in Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Efficacy and Safety of Auricular Acupuncture for Depression

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Skin-to-Skin Contact at Birth for Very Preterm Infants and Mother-Infant Interaction Quality at 4 Months

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Gray Matter Thickness and Subcortical Nuclear Volume in Men After SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Parental Income Level and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes in Youth

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45812?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=113023

Cardiometabolic Effects of Omnivorous vs Vegan Diets in Identical Twins

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Age Disparities in Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among Adults During the Pandemic

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45073?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=113023

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: In this study of 3 million U.S. adults, anxiety and depression were significantly higher among adults ages 18 to 39 compared with adults age 40 and older during the COVID-19 pandemic. Less favorable economic conditions and responses to social upheaval may have contributed to young adults’ worse mental well-being. These findings suggest a need for greater mental health care and economic policies targeted toward younger adults.

Authors: Sarah Collier Villaume, Ph.D., of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45073)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Structural Racism and Lung Cancer Risk

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Oncology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4897?guestAccessKey=bb16fb6b-4293-4818-8df4-40853fc3e9f6&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=113023

About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that structural racism must be considered as a fundamental contributor to the unequal distribution of lung cancer risk factors and thus disparate lung cancer risk across different racial and ethnic groups. Additional research is needed to better identify mechanisms contributing to inequitable lung cancer risk and tailor preventive interventions.

Authors: Sidra N. Bonner, M.D., M.P.H., M.Sc., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4897)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Prone Positioning During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients With Severe ARDS

Posted November 28, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 1, 2023

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Critical Care Canada Forum 2023.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.24491?guestAccessKey=ab42e52f-b34d-4b1b-9ef7-f02451ad75ae&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=120123

About The Study: Among 170 patients primarily with COVID-19–related severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) supported by venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO), prone positioning compared with supine positioning did not significantly reduce time to successful weaning of ECMO.

Authors: Matthieu Schmidt, M.D., of the Sorbonne Université in Paris, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24491)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Racial and Ethnic Residential Segregation and Monocyte DNA Methylation Age Acceleration

Posted November 27, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Emergency Medical Responses at Immigration and Customs Enforcement Detention Centers in California

Posted November 27, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Transdiagnostic Ecological Momentary Intervention for Improving Self-Esteem in Youth Exposed to Childhood Adversity

Posted November 27, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Antipsychotic Medications and Mortality in Children and Young Adults

Posted November 27, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Surgeon Sex and Health Care Costs for Patients Undergoing Common Surgical Procedures

Posted November 27, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29 2023

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/fullarticle/10.1001/jamasurg.2023.6031?guestAccessKey=fdbcb2f8-cd63-40d0-a119-31699805de30&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112923

About The Study: This analysis that included 1.1 million patients found lower 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year health care costs for patients treated by female surgeons compared with those treated by male surgeons. These data further underscore the importance of creating inclusive policies and environments supportive of women surgeons to improve recruitment and retention of a more diverse and representative workforce.

Authors: Christopher J. D. Wallis, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Toronto, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.6031)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Surgeon Supply by County-Level Rurality and Social Vulnerability

Posted November 27, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/fullarticle/10.1001/jamasurg.2023.5632?guestAccessKey=4856d072-c026-458d-be8b-23e48db36a18&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112923

About The Study: Between 2010 and 2020, surgeon supply per 100,000 population decreased in rural counties and increased in urban counties, and decreased in socially vulnerable counties and remained unchanged in other counties. Thus, over the past decade, disparities in surgeon supply between rural and urban counties and between socially vulnerable and other counties have widened in the U.S. The largest widening was observed among general surgeons.

Authors: Vishal R. Patel, B.S., of the Dell Medical School in Austin, Texas, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.5632)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Effect of Noninvasive Airway Management of Comatose Patients With Acute Poisoning

Posted November 27, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:30 P.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2023

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Critical Care Canada Forum 2023.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.24391?guestAccessKey=f9209a25-a680-4e4c-9b56-4a9eca042f50&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112923

About The Study: Among comatose patients with suspected acute poisoning in this randomized clinical trial that included 225 patients, a conservative strategy of withholding intubation was associated with a greater clinical benefit for the composite end point of in-hospital death, length of intensive care unit stay, and length of hospital stay.

Authors: Yonathan Freund, M.D., Ph.D., of the Sorbonne Universite in Paris, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24391)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Participation in Conditional Cash Transfer Program During Pregnancy and Birth Weight–Related Outcomes

Posted November 22, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Factors in Parenting Stress in Young Patients With Breast Cancer and Implications for Children’s Emotional Development

Posted November 22, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Projected Life Expectancy Gains From Improvements in HIV Care in Black and White Men Who Have Sex With Men

Posted November 22, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Patient and Care Team Perspectives on Social Determinants of Health Screening in Primary Care

Posted November 22, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Race and Ethnicity and Emergency Department Discharge Against Medical Advice

Posted November 22, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45437?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112823

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: The findings of this study of 33.1 million visits to 989 U.S. hospitals suggest that Black and Hispanic patients are more likely to receive care in hospitals with higher overall discharge against medical advice (DAMA) rates, suggesting interventions should address medical segregation. Structural racism may contribute to emergency department DAMA disparities via unequal allocation of health care resources in hospitals that disproportionately treat racial and ethnic minoritized groups. Monitoring variation in DAMA by race and ethnicity and hospital suggests an opportunity to improve equitable access to health care.

Authors: Jennifer W. Tsai, M.D., M.Ed., of the Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45437)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Sociodemographic Variations in Women’s Reports of Discussions With Clinicians About Breast Density

Posted November 21, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Effect of Personalized Risk-Reduction Strategies on Cognition and Dementia Risk Profile Among Older Adults

Posted November 21, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Multiple Sclerosis Progression and Relapse Activity in Children

Posted November 21, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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False-Negative Confirmatory Testing in Patients With Cannabinoid-Positive Urine Drug Screens

Posted November 21, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Association of Smoking Cessation and Cardiovascular, Cancer, and Respiratory Mortality

Posted November 21, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6419?guestAccessKey=0f34d33c-e771-4013-9cfc-ac7861131c4a&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112723

About The Study: Excess cardiovascular mortality among former smokers was about one-third that of continuing smokers within the first decade after quitting, and the cardiovascular mortality rate of former smokers was similar to that of never smokers 20 to 29 years after quitting in this study of 438,000 U.S. adults. These findings emphasize that with sustained cessation, cause-specific mortality rates among former smokers may eventually approximate those of never smokers.

Authors: Blake Thomson, D.Phil., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6419)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Characteristics and Obtainment Methods of Firearms Used in Adolescent School Shootings

Posted November 21, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: School shooting incidents in the U.S. were typically executed using low- and moderate-powered firearms, according to this analysis of data from 262 adolescents who discharged firearms in 253 school shootings spanning 26 years. These weapons were most frequently stolen from family members or relatives of the perpetrators. These findings may significantly influence discussions around gun control policy, particularly in advocating for secure firearm storage to reduce adolescents’ access to weapons.

Authors: Brent R. Klein, Ph.D., of the University of South Carolina in Columbia, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5093)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening With Mailed HPV Self-Sampling Kits

Posted November 22, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.21471?guestAccessKey=06f74181-b9b5-4bb5-a8bb-dcdafc5649e8&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112823

About The Study: Direct-mail human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling increased cervical cancer screening by more than 14% in individuals who were due or overdue for cervical cancer screening in this randomized clinical trial of 31,000 individuals. The opt-in approach minimally increased screening. To increase screening adherence, systems implementing HPV self-sampling should prioritize direct-mail outreach for individuals who are due or overdue for screening. For individuals with unknown screening history, testing alternative outreach approaches and additional efforts to document screening history are warranted.

Authors: Rachel L. Winer, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21471)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Rapid Access Addiction Medicine Clinics for People With Problematic Opioid Use

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Pregnancy and Postpartum Drug Overdose Deaths Before and During the Pandemic

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Concussion Characteristics in the National Hockey League Before and After the Introduction of Rule 48

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Racial and Ethnic Discrimination and Hypertension by Educational Attainment Among a Cohort of Women

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Use of Disease-Modifying Treatments in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Estimated Cancer Deaths Prevented With Increased Use of Lung, Colorectal, Breast, and Cervical Cancer Screening

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

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Consistency and Adequacy of Public and Commercial Health Insurance for Children

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4179?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112223

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

Enrollment of Pediatric Patients in COVID-19 Interventional Trials

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.3939?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112223

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

Racial and Ethnic Disparity in Preoperative Chemosensitivity and Survival in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44517?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112223

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

About The Study: In this study of 103,000 individuals with early-stage breast cancer, Black patients had a higher mortality risk compared with white patients among those with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This highlights the need for personalized treatment strategies for Black patients to help them attain pathologic complete response.

Authors: Shipra Gandhi, M.D., of Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo, New York, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44517)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Segregated Patterns of Hospital Care Delivery and Health Outcomes

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Health Forum

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2023

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4172?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112223

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

About The Study: This study of Medicare claims data for 4,386 hospitals found that higher segregation of hospital care was associated with poorer health outcomes for both Black and white patients, with significantly greater negative health outcomes for Black populations, supporting racial segregation as a root cause of health disparities. Policymakers and clinical leaders could address this important public health issue through payment reform efforts and expansion of health insurance coverage, in addition to supporting upstream efforts to reduce racial segregation in hospital care and residential settings.

Authors: Sunny C. Lin, Ph.D., M.S., of the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4172)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

ADHD Medications and Long-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases

Posted November 20, 2023 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2023

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4294?guestAccessKey=381db621-a5e7-4bdb-b2ee-ae9791f8e599&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112223

About The Study: Longer cumulative duration of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly hypertension and arterial disease, compared with nonuse in this study of 278,000 individuals in Sweden ages 6 to 64 who had an incident ADHD diagnosis or ADHD medication dispensation. These findings highlight the importance of carefully weighing potential benefits and risks when making treatment decisions about long-term ADHD medication use. Clinicians should regularly and consistently monitor cardiovascular signs and symptoms throughout the course of treatment.

Authors: Zheng Chang, Ph.D., and Le Zhang, Ph.D., of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, are the corresponding authors.

(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4294)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.