About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 3 million U.S. adults, anxiety and depression were significantly higher among adults ages 18 to 39 compared with adults age 40 and older during the COVID-19 pandemic. Less favorable economic conditions and responses to social upheaval may have contributed to young adults’ worse mental well-being. These findings suggest a need for greater mental health care and economic policies targeted toward younger adults.
Authors: Sarah Collier Villaume, Ph.D., of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45073)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that structural racism must be considered as a fundamental contributor to the unequal distribution of lung cancer risk factors and thus disparate lung cancer risk across different racial and ethnic groups. Additional research is needed to better identify mechanisms contributing to inequitable lung cancer risk and tailor preventive interventions.
Authors: Sidra N. Bonner, M.D., M.P.H., M.Sc., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4897)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 1, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Critical Care Canada Forum 2023.
About The Study: Among 170 patients primarily with COVID-19–related severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) supported by venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO), prone positioning compared with supine positioning did not significantly reduce time to successful weaning of ECMO.
Authors: Matthieu Schmidt, M.D., of the Sorbonne Université in Paris, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24491)
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About The Study: This analysis that included 1.1 million patients found lower 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year health care costs for patients treated by female surgeons compared with those treated by male surgeons. These data further underscore the importance of creating inclusive policies and environments supportive of women surgeons to improve recruitment and retention of a more diverse and representative workforce.
Authors: Christopher J. D. Wallis, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.6031)
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About The Study: Between 2010 and 2020, surgeon supply per 100,000 population decreased in rural counties and increased in urban counties, and decreased in socially vulnerable counties and remained unchanged in other counties. Thus, over the past decade, disparities in surgeon supply between rural and urban counties and between socially vulnerable and other counties have widened in the U.S. The largest widening was observed among general surgeons.
Authors: Vishal R. Patel, B.S., of the Dell Medical School in Austin, Texas, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.5632)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:30 P.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Critical Care Canada Forum 2023.
About The Study: Among comatose patients with suspected acute poisoning in this randomized clinical trial that included 225 patients, a conservative strategy of withholding intubation was associated with a greater clinical benefit for the composite end point of in-hospital death, length of intensive care unit stay, and length of hospital stay.
Authors: Yonathan Freund, M.D., Ph.D., of the Sorbonne Universite in Paris, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24391)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of 33.1 million visits to 989 U.S. hospitals suggest that Black and Hispanic patients are more likely to receive care in hospitals with higher overall discharge against medical advice (DAMA) rates, suggesting interventions should address medical segregation. Structural racism may contribute to emergency department DAMA disparities via unequal allocation of health care resources in hospitals that disproportionately treat racial and ethnic minoritized groups. Monitoring variation in DAMA by race and ethnicity and hospital suggests an opportunity to improve equitable access to health care.
Authors: Jennifer W. Tsai, M.D., M.Ed., of the Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45437)
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About The Study: Excess cardiovascular mortality among former smokers was about one-third that of continuing smokers within the first decade after quitting, and the cardiovascular mortality rate of former smokers was similar to that of never smokers 20 to 29 years after quitting in this study of 438,000 U.S. adults. These findings emphasize that with sustained cessation, cause-specific mortality rates among former smokers may eventually approximate those of never smokers.
Authors: Blake Thomson, D.Phil., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6419)
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About The Study: School shooting incidents in the U.S. were typically executed using low- and moderate-powered firearms, according to this analysis of data from 262 adolescents who discharged firearms in 253 school shootings spanning 26 years. These weapons were most frequently stolen from family members or relatives of the perpetrators. These findings may significantly influence discussions around gun control policy, particularly in advocating for secure firearm storage to reduce adolescents’ access to weapons.
Authors: Brent R. Klein, Ph.D., of the University of South Carolina in Columbia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5093)
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About The Study: Direct-mail human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling increased cervical cancer screening by more than 14% in individuals who were due or overdue for cervical cancer screening in this randomized clinical trial of 31,000 individuals. The opt-in approach minimally increased screening. To increase screening adherence, systems implementing HPV self-sampling should prioritize direct-mail outreach for individuals who are due or overdue for screening. For individuals with unknown screening history, testing alternative outreach approaches and additional efforts to document screening history are warranted.
Authors: Rachel L. Winer, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21471)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 103,000 individuals with early-stage breast cancer, Black patients had a higher mortality risk compared with white patients among those with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This highlights the need for personalized treatment strategies for Black patients to help them attain pathologic complete response.
Authors: Shipra Gandhi, M.D., of Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44517)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: This study of Medicare claims data for 4,386 hospitals found that higher segregation of hospital care was associated with poorer health outcomes for both Black and white patients, with significantly greater negative health outcomes for Black populations, supporting racial segregation as a root cause of health disparities. Policymakers and clinical leaders could address this important public health issue through payment reform efforts and expansion of health insurance coverage, in addition to supporting upstream efforts to reduce racial segregation in hospital care and residential settings.
Authors: Sunny C. Lin, Ph.D., M.S., of the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4172)
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About The Study: Longer cumulative duration of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly hypertension and arterial disease, compared with nonuse in this study of 278,000 individuals in Sweden ages 6 to 64 who had an incident ADHD diagnosis or ADHD medication dispensation. These findings highlight the importance of carefully weighing potential benefits and risks when making treatment decisions about long-term ADHD medication use. Clinicians should regularly and consistently monitor cardiovascular signs and symptoms throughout the course of treatment.
Authors: Zheng Chang, Ph.D., and Le Zhang, Ph.D., of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, are the corresponding authors.
(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4294)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About The Study: This study showed that during the Omicron-dominant period, patients with solid cancer and COVID-19 had higher mortality and hospitalization risks following COVID-19 infection versus patients without solid cancer with COVID-19, and that COVID-19 vaccination in the patients with cancer mitigated this risk.
Authors: Salomon M. Stemmer, M.D., of Beilinson Hospital in Petah Tikva, Israel, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.5042)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 1.3 million children from Ontario, Canada, a slightly higher risk of autism spectrum disorder was observed in children born to individuals with infertility, which appears partly mediated by certain obstetrical and neonatal factors. To optimize child neurodevelopment, strategies should further explore these other factors in individuals with infertility, even among those not receiving fertility treatment.
Authors: Maria P. Velez, M.D., Ph.D., of Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43954)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 randomized clinical trials of app interventions with 1,470 participants, the feasibility and efficacy of mobile app interventions were supported in treating moderate and severe depression, and practical implications were also provided for developing effective app-based interventions in clinical practice.
Authors: Ji-Won Hur, Ph.D., of Korea University in Seoul, Republic of Korea, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44120)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study of 1,000 participants found that adults with low household income were less likely than adults with higher incomes to have a cardiologist involved in their care during a hospitalization for heart failure. These findings suggest that socioeconomic status may bias the care provided to patients hospitalized for heart failure.
Authors: Parag Goyal, M.D., M.Sc., of Weill Cornell Medicine in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44070)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: Among outpatient adults with mild to moderate COVID-19, treatment with fluvoxamine 100 mg twice daily for 13 days, compared with placebo, did not improve time to sustained recovery in this randomized clinical trial of 1,175 participants.
Authors: Susanna Naggie, M.D., M.H.S., of the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.23363)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 155,000 births, using a causal inference framework based on target trial emulation, birth at 39 weeks’ gestation was not associated with adverse numeracy and literacy outcomes at school age compared with birth at 40 to 42 weeks.
Authors: Roxanne Hastie, Ph.D., of the University of Melbourne, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43721)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: In this study of state laws, there was substantial heterogeneity in National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) reporting requirements for mental health prohibitions for firearm possession and a lack of clarity around processes. This raises questions about the ability of NICS to be used to block firearm purchases or possession by individuals with court-identified high risk of perpetrating violence toward themselves or others.
Authors: Marian E. Betz, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine in Aurora, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.3945)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 7,000 older U.S. residents, food insecurity was associated with increased dementia risk, poorer memory function, and faster memory decline. Future studies are needed to examine whether addressing food insecurity may benefit brain health.
Authors: Aayush Khadka, Ph.D., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44186)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 25,000 veterans receiving dialysis, unstable housing experienced before starting dialysis was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, and risks increased with age. Further efforts are needed to understand the experiences of older adults with unstable housing and to estimate the scope of unstable housing among all individuals receiving dialysis.
Authors: Tessa K. Novick, M.D., M.S.W., M.H.S., of the University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School in Austin, Texas is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44448)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Pandemic-exposed children (assessment after March 11, 2020) had significantly higher problem solving and fine motor skills at 24 months of age but lower personal-social skills compared with non-exposed children in this study including data from the Ontario Birth Study. At 54 months of age, pandemic-exposed children had significantly higher vocabulary, visual memory, and overall cognitive performance compared with non-exposed children.
Authors: Mark Wade, Ph.D., C.Psych., of the University of Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43814)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About The Study: This study of 11,000 participants with type 2 diabetes found that food insecurity, housing insecurity, mental health concerns, and the perceived importance of practitioner concordance were associated with a lower likelihood of receiving eye care. Such findings highlight the self-reported barriers to seeking care and the importance of taking steps to promote health equity.
Authors: Sophia Y. Wang, M.D., M.S., of Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.5287)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 7:49 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the 2023 Danish Surgical Society Annual Meeting.
About The Study: In this study of 34,000 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent surgery from 2004 to 2019, the risk of recurrence decreased over time, and higher disease stage was associated with shorter times from surgery to recurrence. Screening-detected CRC was associated with a lower risk of recurrence. Because the risk of recurrence was so low in selected patient groups, future research is warranted to explore risk-stratified surveillance protocols in patients with CRC.
Authors: Claus Lindbjerg Andersen, Ph.D., of Aarhus University Hospital in Aarhus, Denmark, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.5098)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that rates of completion for 4,133 diagnostic tests and referrals (colonoscopies, cardiac stress tests, and dermatology referrals) were low for all visit types but worse when ordered during telehealth visits. Failure to close diagnostic loops presents a patient safety challenge in primary care that may be of particular concern during telehealth encounters.
Authors: Maelys J. Amat, M.D., M.B.A., of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43417)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About The Study: Children residing in more disadvantaged neighborhoods at birth had higher likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis in a study that included 318,000 children with health insurance. Future research is warranted to investigate the mechanisms behind the neighborhood-related disparities in ASD diagnosis, alongside efforts to provide resources for early intervention and family support in communities with a higher likelihood of ASD.
Authors: Daniel A. Hackman, Ph.D., of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.
(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4347)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study of 139,000 respiratory hospitalizations in Canada of children younger than age 18 found a substantial decrease in severe respiratory disease resulting in hospitalizations, intensive care unit admissions, and mortality during the first two years of the pandemic compared with the three pre-pandemic years. These findings suggest that future evaluations of the effect of public health interventions aimed at reducing circulating respiratory pathogens during non-pandemic periods of increased respiratory illness may be warranted.
Authors: Eyal Cohen, M.D., M.Sc., of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43318)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study where the majority of 54,000 participants were African American with low socioeconomic status, diabetes was associated with elevated colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, suggesting that diabetes prevention and control may reduce CRC disparities. The association was attenuated for those who completed colonoscopies, highlighting how adverse effects of diabetes-related metabolic dysregulation may be disrupted by preventative screening.
Authors: Shaneda Warren Andersen, Ph.D., of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43333)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 9:45 A.M. (ET), SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial validated a natural language processing model developed within a single healthcare system to identify heart failure hospitalizations. Further study is needed to determine whether natural language processing will improve the efficiency of future multicenter clinical trials by identifying clinical events at scale.
Authors: Scott D. Solomon, M.D., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2023.4859)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: Among patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction treated with dapagliflozin in this randomized clinical trial, an initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline was frequent but not associated with subsequent risk of cardiovascular or kidney events. These data reinforce clinical guidance that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors should not be interrupted or discontinued in response to an initial eGFR decline.
Authors: Finnian R. Mc Causland, M.B.B.Ch., M.M.Sc., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2023.4664)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10:30 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: Among patients discharged after hospitalization for heart failure (HF), de novo HF was associated with better clinical and patient-reported outcomes when compared with worsening chronic HF in this randomized clinical trial including 2,858 patients. Regardless of HF type, there was no significant difference between torsemide and furosemide with respect to 12-month clinical or patient-reported outcomes.
Authors: Selim R. Krim, M.D., of the Ochsner Clinic Foundation in New Orleans, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2023.4776)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10:30 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: In this study of U.S. neighborhoods, cumulative environmental burden was associated with higher rates of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, although absolute differences were small. The strongest associations were observed in socially vulnerable neighborhoods. Whether initiatives that address poor environmental conditions will improve cardiovascular health requires additional prospective investigations.
Authors: Rishi K. Wadhera, M.D., M.P.P., M.Phil., of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2023.4680)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 3:45 P.M. (ET), SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: Dietary sodium reduction significantly lowered blood pressure in the majority of middle-aged to elderly adults in this study including 213 participants. The decline in blood pressure from a high- to low-sodium diet was independent of hypertension status and antihypertensive medication use, was generally consistent across subgroups, and did not result in excess adverse events.
Authors: Deepak K. Gupta, M.D., M.S.C.I., of the Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.23651)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 3:30 P.M. (ET), SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: Self-monitoring and physician-guided titration of antihypertensive medications was associated with lower blood pressure during the first nine months postpartum than usual postnatal outpatient care in this randomized clinical trial involving 220 participants in the United Kingdom.
Authors: Paul Leeson, Ph.D., of the University of Oxford in Oxford, United Kingdom, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21523)
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About The Study: The findings of this study indicate an increase in the prevalence of breastfeeding initiation and breastfeeding duration at 12 months from 1999 to 2018 in the U.S. Temporal changes of breastfeeding duration at 12 months were more prevalent among male infants, older mothers, Mexican American and multiracial participants, and households with higher income.
Authors: Yongjun Zhang, Ph.D., M.D., of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine in Shanghai, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.4942)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About The Study: The data from this nationally representative survey study reveal a shift in tobacco use among young adults (ages 18-24), showing historically low cigarette use, which has positive public health significance. However, e-cigarette use is higher (14.5%) than reported previously, coinciding with the introduction of salt-based devices in 2015 to 2018. Over half of established vaping young adults never regularly smoked. Research suggests that exclusive e-cigarette users are unlikely to transition to combustible tobacco.
Authors: Benjamin A. Toll, Ph.D., of the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5239)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 3:45 P.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: In this phase 1 study of 48 participants with elevated lipoprotein(a) levels, lepodisiran was well tolerated and produced dose-dependent, long-duration reductions in serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations. The findings support further study of lepodisiran, which is a short interfering RNA directed at hepatic synthesis of apolipoprotein(a), an essential component necessary for assembly of lipoprotein(a) particles.
Authors: Steven E. Nissen, M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic Center for Clinical Research in Cleveland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21835)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:35 P.M. (ET), SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
About The Study: This randomized clinical trial found that in patients with advanced heart failure treated with a fully magnetically levitated left ventricular assist device, avoidance of aspirin as part of an antithrombotic regimen, which includes a vitamin K antagonist, is not inferior to a regimen containing aspirin, does not increase thromboembolism risk, and is associated with a reduction in bleeding events.
Authors: Mandeep R. Mehra, M.D., M.Sc., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.23204)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About The Study: This analysis finds that COVID-19 and the drug overdose epidemic were major contributors to the widening gender gap in life expectancy (nearly six years) between women and men in recent years. Men experienced higher COVID-19 death rates for likely multifactorial reasons, including higher burden of comorbidities and differences in health behaviors and socioeconomic factors, such as labor force participation, incarceration, and homelessness. Differentially worsening mortality from diabetes, heart disease, homicide, and suicide suggest that chronic metabolic disease and mental illness may also contribute.
Authors: Brandon W. Yan, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6041)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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