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Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Culturable Virus Shedding in Children
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Chemotherapy-Related Toxic Effects and Quality of Life and Physical Functioning in Older Patients
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Newborn and Early Infant Outcomes Following Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.4499?guestAccessKey=020bcf15-dd7b-4409-9c30-2ac1f7e76c00&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102323
About The Study: In this study of 142,000 live births in Ontario, Canada, maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was associated with lower risks of severe neonatal morbidity, neonatal death, and neonatal intensive care unit admission and no increase in neonatal readmission or hospital admission up to age six months, compared with no maternal COVID-19 vaccination before delivery.
Authors: Jeffrey C. Kwong, M.D., M.Sc., of ICES in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.4499)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Prenatal Lead Exposure, Genetic Factors, and Cognitive Developmental Delay
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39108?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102323
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 2,361 mother-child pairs followed up prenatally to child age of approximately two years, prenatal lead exposure was associated with an increased risk of cognitive developmental delay (CDD) in children, especially in those with a high genetic risk. These findings suggest that prenatal lead exposure and genetic background may jointly contribute to an increased risk of CDD for children and indicate the possibility for an integrated strategy to assess CDD risk and improve children’s cognitive ability.
Authors: Yuanyuan Li, Ph.D., of the Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, Hubei, China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39108)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound (Tongxinluo) and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2023
Media advisory: The full study, editorial and editor’s note are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this randomized clinical trial of 3,777 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI; a type of heart attack), the Chinese patent medicine Tongxinluo, as an adjunctive therapy in addition to STEMI guideline-directed treatments, significantly improved both 30-day and 1-year clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the mechanism of action of Tongxinluo in STEMI.
Authors: Yuejin Yang, M.D., Ph.D., and Runlin Gao, M.D., of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College in Beijing, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19524)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Removal of Medicaid Prior Authorization Requirements and Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Community-Based Point-of-Diagnosis Hepatitis C Treatment for Marginalized Populations
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Key Risk Factors Associated With Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Use Among Adolescents
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Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Smoking Prevalence Among Adolescents
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Specialty Palliative Care and Symptom Severity and Control in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 20, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38699?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102023
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 5,435 adolescents and young adults with cancer, those reporting moderate or severe symptoms through a screening program were more likely to subsequently receive specialty palliative care. These findings suggest that specialty palliative care was associated with a subsequent decrease in pain severity but did not affect other symptoms. New interventions targeting other symptoms during treatment and particularly at the end of life are needed.
Authors: Sumit Gupta, M.D., Ph.D., of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38699)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Noninvasive Bioelectronic Treatment of Postcesarean Pain
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 20, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this randomized clinical trial of 134 individuals who underwent a cesarean delivery, use of a high-frequency electrical stimulation device as part of a multimodal analgesia protocol decreased opioid use in the immediate postoperative period and opioids prescribed at discharge. These findings suggest that the use of this device may be a helpful adjunct to decrease opioid use without compromising pain control after cesarean delivery.
Authors: Jennifer L. Grasch, M.D., of the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center in Columbus, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38188)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Exclusionary School Discipline and School Achievement for Middle and High School Students, by Race and Ethnicity
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Adherence to a Planetary Health Diet, Environmental Impacts, and Mortality in Chinese Adults
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New York Heart Association Class and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire in Acute Heart Failure
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Categorization of a Universal Coding System to Distinguish Use of Durable Medical Equipment and Supplies in Pediatric Patients
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Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Offspring Exposed to Corticosteroid and B2-Adrenergic Agonists In Utero
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39347?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102423
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The results of this study of 91,460 mother-offspring pairs found no association between in utero corticosteroid and β2-adrenergic agonist exposure and offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes, regardless of the timing of exposure. Despite the limitations and low power of the study, the findings suggest that corticosteroids and β2-adrenergic agonists are safe for pregnant individuals with asthma and the neurodevelopment of their offspring.
Authors: Abir Nagata, Ph.D., of Osaka University in Osaka, Japan, and Toshio Masumoto, Ph.D., of Tottori University in Tottori, Japan, are the corresponding authors.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39347)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Incidence and Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Child Care Centers After COVID-19 Vaccines
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this examination of SARS-CoV-2 incidence and transmission in child care centers (CCCs) and students’ households, transmission within CCCs and from children infected at CCCs into households was low in this study that included 83 children in 11 CCCs. These findings suggest that current testing and exclusion recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 in CCCs should be aligned with those for other respiratory viruses with similar morbidity and greater transmission to households.
Authors: Timothy R. Shope, M.D., M.P.H., of UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39355)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Lengthy and Variable Delays in Oncology Drug Coverage Determination
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Diverse Research Teams and Underrepresented Groups in Clinical Studies
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Nasal Suctioning Therapy Among Infants With Bronchiolitis Discharged Home From the Emergency Department
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Practice-Level Documentation of Alcohol-Related Problems in Primary Care
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Law Enforcement Officer Knowledge of, Attitudes Toward, and Willingness to Use Extreme Risk Protection Orders
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Motoric Cognitive Risk and Incident Dementia in Older Adults
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COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness and Reasons for Vaccine Refusal
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 19, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37909?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=101923
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study that involved the use of data from Hong Kong and Singapore suggest that trust in health authorities was fundamental to overcoming COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. As such, engendering trust in health care professionals, experts, and public health agencies should be incorporated into pandemic preparedness and response.
Authors: Michael Y. Ni, M.D., of the University of Hong Kong, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37909)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Developmental Trajectory of Body Weight in Youths at Risk for Major Mood Disorders
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 19, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38540?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=101923
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 394 individuals, females with a family history of mood disorders were prone to weight gain starting around puberty and predating mood disorder onset. Early interventions aiming to prevent adverse mental and physical outcomes in this vulnerable group need to start in childhood.
Authors: Rudolf Uher, M.D., Ph.D., of Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38540)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Deep Learning of Electrocardiograms in Sinus Rhythm From Veterans to Predict Atrial Fibrillation
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Psychotherapies for Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Adults
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Barriers and Facilitators to Clinical Practice Development in Men and Women Surgeons
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Violent Experiences and Patterns of Firearm Ownership From Childhood to Young Adulthood
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Telemedicine Buprenorphine Initiation and Retention in Opioid Use Disorder Treatment for Medicaid Enrollees
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An Energy-Reduced Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity, and Body Composition
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Treatment Rates for Mental Disorders Among Children and Adolescents
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38174?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=101823
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The results of this meta-analysis of 40 studies including 310,000 children and adolescents suggest that, in general, the treatment rates for mental disorders among children and adolescents were low, especially for depression and anxiety. Targeted intervention policies and effective measures should be designed and implemented to improve treatment rates of psychiatric disorders among youths.
Authors: Yuanyuan Xiao, Ph.D., of Kunming Medical University in Kunming, Yunnan, China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38174)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Association of Antepartum and Postpartum Air Pollution Exposure With Postpartum Depression in Southern California
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38315?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=101823
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study including 340,000 pregnant women suggest that long-term exposure to antepartum and postpartum air pollution was associated with higher postpartum depression risks. Identifying the modifiable environmental risk factors and developing interventions are important public health issues to improve maternal mental health and alleviate the disease burden of postpartum depression.
Authors: Jun Wu, Ph.D., of the University of California, Irvine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38315)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Trends, Outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Technology Cycles Using a Gestational Carrier
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 12:30 P.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine 2023 Scientific Congress & Expo.
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About The Study: There was an increased likelihood of live birth among assisted reproductive technology cycles with a gestational carrier versus those without a gestational carrier in this analysis of 2014 to 2020 national surveillance data. Gestational carrier use was a risk factor for twins, even after adjusting for the number of embryos transferred. More than one-quarter of embryo transfers to gestational carriers involved two or more embryos despite national recommendations of single embryo transfer.
Authors: Lisa M. Shandley, M.D, M.Sc., of the Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.11023)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Variations in State Laws on Mental Health–Related Firearm Prohibition
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A New Framework for Dementia Nomenclature
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Patterns of Social Determinants of Health and Child Mental Health, Cognition, and Physical Health
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Behavior Problems in Low-Income Young Children Screened in Pediatric Primary Care
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Early Childhood Education and Midlife Ideal Cardiovascular Health in a Prospective Urban Cohort
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Industry Payments Received by Residents During Training
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Costs of Prescription Drugs for Children and Parental Adherence to Long-Term Medications
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Association Between a State-Level Fat Tax and Fast Food Purchases
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Effectiveness of Monovalent mRNA Vaccines Against Omicron XBB Infection in Singaporean Children
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 16, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The results of this study including 121,000 Singaporean children ages 1 through 4 suggest that completion of a primary mRNA vaccine series provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although incidence of hospitalization and severe illness is low in this age group, there is potential benefit of vaccination in preventing infection and potential sequelae.
Authors: Liang En Wee, M.R.C.P., M.P.H., of the National Centre for Infectious Diseases in Singapore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.4505)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Effects of the Million Hearts Model on Heart Attacks, Strokes, and Medicare Spending
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The Million Hearts Model, which encouraged and paid health care organizations to assess and reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, reduced first-time heart attacks and strokes. The results support guidelines to use risk scores for CVD primary prevention.
Authors: Laura Blue, Ph.D., of Mathematica in Washington, D.C., is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19597)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Selenium and Vitamin E for Prevention of Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Recurrence and Progression
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Newborn Health and Child Mortality Across England
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Psychiatric Disorders Before and After Dementia Diagnosis
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Assessing Biases in Medical Decisions via Clinician and AI Chatbot Responses to Patient Vignettes
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Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and the Risk of Dementia
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 109,000 individuals born between 1933 and 1952 and followed up in old age, adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was associated with an increased risk of dementia. Policy makers, caregivers, patients, and clinicians may wish to monitor reliably for ADHD in old age.
Authors: Stephen Z. Levine, Ph.D., of the University of Haifa in Haifa, Israel, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38088)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Race and Ethnicity and Prehospital Use of Opioid or Ketamine Analgesia in Acute Traumatic Injury
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The results of this study of over 4.7 million patient encounters across the U.S. during a 3-year period suggest that patients from racial and ethnic minority groups with acute traumatic injuries do not have their pain treated equitably in the prehospital setting.
Authors: Eli Carrillo, M.D., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.38070)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Changes in Care Use and Financial Status Associated With Dementia in Older Adults
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 16, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The findings of this study demonstrated that the incremental changes associated with dementia in regard to older adults’ long-term care and financial burden are substantial. Family care availability should be accounted for in a comprehensive assessment of predicting the effects of dementia.
Authors: Hwa Jung Choi, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5482)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Obesity and Risk of Recurrence in Patients With Breast Cancer Treated With Aromatase Inhibitors
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Screening for Intimate Partner Violence Experience and Use in the Veterans Health Administration
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Suicide Ideation, Plans, and Attempts Among Military Veterans vs Nonveterans With Disability
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Labor Unions and Staff Turnover in Nursing Homes
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Changes in Surgical Opioid Prescribing and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Implementation of an Insurer Opioid Prescribing Limit
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Cefepime vs Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Adults Hospitalized With Acute Infection
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:45 P.M. (ET), SATURDAY, OCTOBER 14, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at IDWeek 2023.
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About The Study: Among 2,511 adults hospitalized with acute infection, treatment with the antibiotic piperacillin-tazobactam did not increase the incidence of acute kidney injury or death in this randomized clinical trial. Treatment with the antibiotic cefepime resulted in more neurological dysfunction.
Authors: Edward T. Qian, M.D., M.Sc., of Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20583)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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County-Level Social Vulnerability, Metropolitan Status, and Availability of Home Health Services
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study found differences in Medicare-funded home-based clinical care provision across the U.S. by county-level Social Vulnerability Index (a measure of socioeconomic deprivation), suggesting inequitable care access among homebound Medicare beneficiaries. Almost one-quarter of counties had low availability of home-based medical care clinicians coupled with high socioeconomic disadvantage.
Authors: Harriet Mather, M.D., of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37508)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Health Insurance and Differences in Infant Mortality Rates
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of more than 13 million infants, maternal Medicaid insurance was associated with increased risk of infant mortality at the population level in the U.S. Novel strategies are needed to improve access to care, quality of care, and outcomes among women and infants enrolled in Medicaid.
Authors: Colm P. Travers, M.D., of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37690)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Blood, Bleeding, and Transfusion Theme Issue
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The following articles are being published for a Blood, Bleeding, and Transfusion Theme Issue. The full articles are linked to this news release.
A video, “Gay and Bisexual Men Can Now Donate Blood—Why This Matters,” which explores the evolution of a 4-decades-old policy that barred gay and bisexual men from donating blood and how blood banks and the LGBTQ community worked to develop inclusive blood donation policies, will be available at the embargo time at this link.
Original Investigations
Red Blood Cell Transfusion in the Intensive Care Unit
Small-Volume Blood Collection Tubes to Reduce Transfusions in Intensive Care
Emergency Department Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in Trauma Patients With Exsanguinating Hemorrhage
Early and Empirical High-Dose Cryoprecipitate for Hemorrhage After Traumatic Injury
Special Communication
Red Blood Cell Transfusion – 2023 AABB International Guidelines
Editorials
Precision in Transfusion Medicine
Contemporary Adjuncts to Hemorrhage Control
Viewpoints
From Product to Patient—Transfusion and Patient Blood Management
The Bloody Transfusion Problem
Redefining Blood Donation—Path to Inclusivity and Safety
Medical News & Perspectives
Could Universal Donor Blood Be Made in the Laboratory?
JAMA Patient Page
Blood Donation
JAMA Revisited
The Status of Blood Transfusion
Emergency Department Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta
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Early and Empirical High-Dose Cryoprecipitate for Hemorrhage After Traumatic Injury
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Red Blood Cell Transfusion – 2023 AABB International Guidelines
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Small-Volume Blood Collection Tubes to Reduce Transfusions in Intensive Care
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This randomized trial in 25 adult medical-surgical intensive care units (ICUs) in Canada found that the transition from standard-volume to small-volume tubes for blood collection in the ICU may reduce red blood cell transfusion without impacting biospecimen sufficiency for laboratory analysis.
Authors: Deborah M. Siegal, M.D., M.Sc., of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20820)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Vision Testing for Adolescents
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Ophthalmology Faculty Diversity Trends
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Cost-Effectiveness of Antiobesity Drugs for Adolescents With Severe Obesity
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Sex-Specific Cardiac Troponin Thresholds in Transgender Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome
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Race and Ethnicity and Primary Language in Emergency Department Triage
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37557?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=101223
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 249,000 visits to seven academic and community hospital emergency departments, patients who identified as Black, Hispanic, and Other race and ethnicity were assigned less acute Emergency Severity Index scores than their white peers despite having received more involved physician workups, suggesting some degree of mistriage. Clinical decision support systems might reduce these disparities but would require careful calibration to avoid replicating bias.
Authors: Joshua W. Joseph, M.D., M.S., M.B.E., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37557)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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The Burden of Lung Cancer in Women Compared With Men in the US
JAMA Oncology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Based on high-quality population-based data, this study found that the higher lung cancer incidence in women than in men has not only continued in individuals younger than 50 years but also now extends to middle-aged adults as younger women with a high risk of the disease enter older age. Reasons for this shift are unclear because the prevalence and intensity of smoking are not higher in younger women compared with men except for a slightly elevated prevalence among those born in the 1960s.
Authors: Ahmedin Jemal, D.V.M., Ph.D., of the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4415)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:45 P.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. The study is being released to coincide with presentation at IDWeek 2023.
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About The Study: Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant A baumannii, and Candida auris were common among patients receiving mechanical ventilation in both acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities in Maryland. Both pathogens were significantly more common in long-term care facilities than in acute care hospitals. Patients receiving mechanical ventilation in long-term care facilities are a high-risk population for emerging pathogens, and surveillance and prevention efforts should be targeted to these facilities.
Authors: Anthony D. Harris, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21083)
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Red Blood Cell Transfusion in the ICU
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion was common in patients admitted to 233 intensive care units in 30 countries between 2019 and 2022, with high variability across centers in transfusion practices. Although many different clinical reasons and triggers were stated for RBC transfusion, the three most common reasons (low hemoglobin level, active bleeding, hemodynamic instability) and triggers (hypotension, tachycardia, no physiological trigger affected the decision to transfuse) were largely overlapping in all regions.
Authors: Alexander P. J. Vlaar, M.D., Ph.D., M.B.A., of Amsterdam University Medical Centers in Amsterdam, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20737)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Concordance of a High Lipoprotein(a) Concentration Among Relatives
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Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Diversity Among Academic Surgical Leaders
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Analysis of Social Media Involvement in Violent Injury
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Factors Important to Older Adults Who Disagree With a Deprescribing Recommendation
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Perceived and Objective Fertility Risk Among Female Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 11, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer had high rates of perceiving increased infertility risk but frequently overestimated or underestimated their risk in this study that included 785 participants. These findings suggest that counseling on infertility risk throughout survivorship may reduce misalignment between perceptions and actual risk, decrease fertility-related psychological distress, and inform family planning decisions.
Authors: H. Irene Su, M.D., M.S.C.E., of the University of California San Diego, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37245)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Survival Outcomes by Race and Ethnicity in Veterans With Prostate Cancer
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 11, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of nearly 13,000 veterans with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer suggest that differences in outcomes by race and ethnicity exist. In addition, Black and Hispanic men may have considerably improved outcomes when treated in an equal-access setting.
Authors: Kelli M. Rasmussen, M.S., of the University of Utah School of Medicine in Salt Lake City, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37272)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Health Care Staff Turnover and Quality of Care at Nursing Homes
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Exercise and Insulin Resistance Markers in Children and Adolescents With Excess Weight
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Differences in Health Professionals’ Engagement With Electronic Health Records Based on Inpatient Race and Ethnicity
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Venous Thromboembolism After COVID-19 Infection Among People With and Without Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases
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Large Language Model−Based Chatbot vs Surgeon-Generated Informed Consent Documentation for Common Procedures
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Depressive Symptoms and Mortality Among Adults
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study of 23,000 individuals found a higher risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease mortality among adults with moderate to severe depressive symptoms compared to those without depressive symptoms. Public health efforts to improve awareness and treatment of depression and associated risk factors could support a comprehensive, nationwide strategy to reduce the burden of depression.
Authors: Zefeng Zhang, M.D., Ph.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37011)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Estimates of Major Depressive Disorder and Treatment Among Adolescents by Race and Ethnicity
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: During the first full calendar year of the pandemic, approximately 1 in 5 adolescents had major depressive disorder, and less than half of adolescents who needed treatment had any mental health treatment, according to this analysis of nationally representative survey data of 10,000 U.S. adolescents. Adolescents in racial and ethnic minority groups, particularly Latinx, experienced the lowest treatment rates.
Authors: Michael William Flores, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the Cambridge Health Alliance in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.3996)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Improving Follow-Up of Abnormal Cancer Screening Results
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 10, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: A multilevel primary care intervention that included electronic health record reminders and patient outreach with or without patient navigation improved timely follow-up of overdue abnormal cancer screening test results for breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer.
Authors: Steven J. Atlas, M.D., M.P.H., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18755)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Differential Use of Radiotherapy Fractionation Regimens in Prostate Cancer
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Criteria for Identifying Individuals at High Risk of Progression to Severe Alcohol Use Disorder
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Funding Opportunities Designed to Promote Antiracist Change Across a Health Sciences University
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Physical Activity and Sleep Parameters Among Children and Adolescents With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Incidence and Outcomes of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
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Educational Attainment and Drug Overdose Deaths
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Postsurgery Memory Impairment in Middle-Aged Chinese Patients
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 10, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study of middle-aged Chinese surgery patients found subjective cognitive and short-term memory impairment within 12 months after both cardiac and noncardiac surgery, with multiple identified risk factors, underscoring the potential of preoperative psychological interventions and optimized perioperative management for postoperative cognitive impairment prevention.
Authors: Huan Song, M.D., Ph.D., and Qian Li, M.D., of Sichuan University in Chengdu, China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36985)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Brand Differences in Underage Tobacco Use as Evidence for Targeted Sanctions
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Use of Prenatal Telehealth in the First Year of the Pandemic
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 10, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This cross-sectional study found that most survey respondents who gave birth between June and December 2020 did not use prenatal telehealth, and a personal preference for in-person care was the most common reason. Patients’ preferences should influence how prenatal telehealth, which has both benefits and drawbacks, is incorporated into their care.
Authors: Rebecca A. Gourevitch, Ph.D., of the University of Maryland in College Park, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37978)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Patterns in Physician Burnout
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 6, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this survey study involving 1,373 physicians and three survey periods suggest that the physician burnout rate in the U.S. is increasing. This pattern represents a potential threat to the ability of the health care system to care for patients and needs urgent solutions.
Authors: Marcus V. Ortega, M.D., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36745)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Connective Tissue Disorders Following COVID-19
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 6, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: COVID-19 was associated with a substantial risk for autoimmune and autoinflammatory connective tissue disorders in this retrospective cohort study, indicating that long-term management of patients with COVID-19 should include evaluation for such disorders.
Authors: Solam Lee, M.D., Ph.D., of Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine in Wonju, Republic of Korea, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36120)
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Risk of Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Associated With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 5, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This study found that use of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists for weight loss compared with use of bupropion-naltrexone was associated with increased risk of pancreatitis, gastroparesis, and bowel obstruction but not biliary disease. Given the wide use of these drugs, these adverse events, although rare, must be considered by patients who are contemplating using the drugs for weight loss because the risk-benefit calculus for this group might differ from that of those who use them for diabetes.
Authors: Mahyar Etminan, Pharm.D., M.Sc., of the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19574)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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