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Diagnostic Accuracy of a Plasma Phosphorylated Tau 217 Immunoassay for Alzheimer Disease Pathology
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Evaluation of a Large Language Model to Identify Confidential Content in Adolescent Encounter Notes
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Functional Outcomes After Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment
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Mental Health Counseling From Conversational Content With Transformer-Based Machine Learning
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Cardiovascular, Neurological, and Immunological Adverse Events and the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
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Improvement of Social Isolation and Loneliness and Excess Mortality Risk in People With Obesity
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 22, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of 398,000 UK Biobank participants support the improvement of social isolation and loneliness in people with obesity to decrease obesity-related excess risk of mortality.
Authors: Lu Qi, M.D., Ph.D., of the Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine in New Orleans, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52824)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Anxiety and Depression Symptoms After the Dobbs Abortion Decision
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this analysis of survey data from 718,000 participants from December 2021 to January 2023, residence in states with abortion trigger laws (anticipatory bans that would go into effect should Roe v Wade be overturned) compared with residence in states without such laws was associated with a small but significantly greater increase in anxiety and depression symptoms after the Dobbs v Jackson decision in June 2022.
Authors: Benjamin Thornburg, B.S., of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.25599)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Cancer Diagnoses After Recent Weight Loss
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Health professionals with weight loss within the prior two years had a significantly higher risk of cancer during the subsequent 12 months compared with those without recent weight loss in this study that included 157,000 participants. Cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract was particularly common among participants with recent weight loss compared with those without recent weight loss.
Authors: Brian M. Wolpin, M.D., M.P.H., of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.25869)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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In Utero Exposure to Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 and 18 Months
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 22, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The results of this study including 2,261 and 1,940 infants ages 12 and 18 months, respectively, suggest that COVID-19 vaccination was safe during pregnancy from the perspective of infant neurodevelopment to 18 months of age. Additional longer-term research should be conducted to corroborate these findings and buttress clinical guidance with a strong evidence base.
Authors: Eleni G. Jaswa, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5743)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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USPSTF Statement on Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 301-951-9203. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time and all USPSTF articles remain free indefinitely https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.26952?guestAccessKey=93b2f601-4670-4f0c-8082-dd2e57a09ab7&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=012324
Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger without signs or symptoms. Speech and language delays and disorders can pose significant problems for children and their families. Evidence suggests that school-aged children with speech or language delays may be at increased risk of learning and literacy disabilities, including difficulties with reading and writing. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this updated recommendation is consistent with its 2015 recommendation on screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.26952)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.
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AI’s Threat to the Medical Profession
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Severe Hypocalcemia With Denosumab Among Older Female Dialysis-Dependent Patients
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Recreational and Medical Cannabis Legalization and Opioid Prescriptions and Mortality
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Survey Protocols, Response Rates, and Representation of Underserved Patients
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Opioid Prescribing Patterns After Imposition of Setting-Specific Limits on Prescription Duration
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Increased Risk of Long-Term Disabilities Following Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Sweden
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Dose-Response Associations of Lipid Traits With Coronary Artery Disease and Mortality
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Social Risk, Social Need, and Use of the Emergency Department
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Timing of Maternal COVID-19 Vaccine and Antibody Concentrations in Infants Born Preterm
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this prospective cohort study of 220 pregnant individuals with preterm and full-term deliveries, receipt of three or more compared with two doses of COVID-19 vaccine before delivery resulted in 10-fold higher cord anti-Spike antibody levels. Maternal antibody concentration appeared more important than delivery gestational age in determining cord anti-Spike antibody levels. The number of doses and timing considerations for COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy should include individuals at risk for preterm delivery.
Authors: Alisa Kachikis, M.D., M.S., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52387)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Occupational Sitting Time, Leisure Physical Activity, and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study involving 481,000 individuals over a mean follow-up period of nearly 13 years, individuals who predominantly engaged in sitting at work exhibited a higher risk of mortality from all causes and cardiovascular disease compared with those who predominantly did not sit. Individuals who predominantly sit at work would need to engage in an additional 15 to 30 minutes of physical activity per day to mitigate this increased risk and reach the same level of risk as individuals who predominantly do not sit at work.
Authors: Chi-Pang Wen, M.D., Ph.D., of the National Health Research Institutes in Miaoli County, Taiwan, and Min-Kuang Tsai, Ph.D., of Taipei Medical University in New Taipei City, Taiwan, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50680)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Out-of-Pocket Costs and Outpatient Visits Among Patients With Cancer in High-Deductible Health Plans
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Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice
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Olfaction and Mobility in Older Adults
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Physical Function Trajectories and Mortality in Older Adults With Multisensory Impairment
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Early Home Visits and Health Outcomes in Low-Income Mothers and Offspring
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Co-Occurrence of Nocturnal Hypertension and Nocturnal Blood Pressure Decreases
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Neurostimulation for Advanced Parkinson Disease and Quality of Life at 5 Years
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 18, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This nonrandomized controlled trial of 108 patients with advanced Parkinson disease found that at 5-year follow-up quality of life remained stable in the deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) group and worsened in the standard-of-care medication group, mainly driven by the favorable effect of STN-DBS on mobility. These findings may provide helpful information when counseling patients on the efficacy of STN-DBS for Parkinson disease and monitoring patients postoperatively in long-term follow-up.
Authors: Stefanie T. Jost, Ph.D., and Haidar S. Dafsari, M.D., of the University of Cologne, Germany, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52177)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Cannabis and Driving in Older Adults
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 18, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study that included 31 participants ages 65 to 79 suggest that older drivers, even if they regularly use cannabis, show evidence of impaired driving performance after smoking cannabis. Weaving was increased and speed was decreased at 30 minutes after smoking, which was not correlated with blood tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations; subjective experience and self-reports of impaired driving persisted for three hours.
Authors: Patricia Di Ciano, Ph.D., of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52233)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Hemoglobin A1c and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence Among Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity
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Obstetrician-Gynecologists’ Perceived Impacts of Post–Dobbs v Jackson State Abortion Bans
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Components and Delivery Formats of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia in Adults
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Incidence Trajectories of Psychiatric Disorders After Assault, Injury, and Bereavement
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Comparative Effectiveness of Psychotherapy vs Antidepressants for Depression in Heart Failure
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 17, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52094?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=011724
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this comparative effectiveness trial of behavioral activation psychotherapy (BA) and antidepressant medication management (MEDS) in 416 patients with heart failure experiencing depression, both treatments significantly reduced depressive symptoms by nearly 50% with no statistically significant differences between treatments. BA recipients experienced better physical health-related quality of life, fewer emergency department visits, and fewer days hospitalized. The study findings suggest that patients with heart failure could be given the choice between BA or MEDS to ameliorate depression.
Authors: Waguih William IsHak, M.D., of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52094)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Prenatal Opioid Exposure and Immune-Related Conditions in Children
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 17, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Prenatal opioid exposure was associated with an increased risk of infection, eczema and dermatitis, and asthma, but not allergies and anaphylaxis or autoimmune conditions in this study of 401,000 neonates. These findings highlight the importance of further study of opioid-induced immune changes during pregnancy, the potential impact on long-term health in exposed children, and the mechanisms of opioid-induced immune dysregulation.
Authors: Erin Kelty, Ph.D., of the University of Western Australia in Crawley, Western Australia, Australia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.51933)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Health Literacy–Informed Communication to Reduce Discharge Medication Errors in Hospitalized Children
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General or Central Obesity and Mortality Among US Hispanic and Latino Adults
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Nighttime Outdoor Artificial Light and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
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Variation in Intraoperative Opioid Administration by Patient, Clinician, and Hospital Contribution
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SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Neuroimmunological Disease
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Long-Term Microvascular Changes in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
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Three Epochs of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care
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Experiences of Interpersonal Violence in Sport and Perceived Coaching Style Among College Athletes
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 16, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50248?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=011624
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The results of this survey study involving 4,119 currently competing U.S. college athletes suggest that interpersonal violence is associated with marked changes in the psychosocial health and emotional well-being of college athletes, particularly those who identify as female and with non-heterosexual sexual orientations. Variations in coaching style have the potential to alter these associations. Ongoing efforts are needed to leverage the unique position that coaches hold to help reduce interpersonal violence and create safe places where all college athletes can thrive.
Authors: Yetsa A. Tuakli-Wosornu, M.D., M.P.H., of the Yale School of Public Health in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50248)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Premium Cost Growth and Its Association With Earnings Inequality Among Families
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 16, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of U.S. families receiving employer-sponsored health insurance suggest that three decades of increasing health care premiums were likely associated with reduced annual earnings and increased earnings inequality by race and ethnicity and wage level and were meaningfully associated with wage stagnation.
Authors: Kurt Hager, Ph.D., M.S., of the UMass Chan Medical School in Worcester, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.51644)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Consumption of 100% Fruit Juice and Body Weight in Children and Adults
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 16, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 eligible studies, including 17 among children (n = 45,851) and 25 among adults (n = 268,095), found a positive association between intake of 100% fruit juice and weight gain in children. Analysis of cohort studies in adults found a significant positive association among studies unadjusted for total energy, suggesting potential mediation by calories; an analysis of trials in adults found no significant association between 100% fruit juice consumption and body weight. The findings support guidance to limit consumption of fruit juice to prevent the intake of excess calories and weight gain.
Authors: Vasanti S. Malik, M.Sc., Sc.D., of the University of Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.6124)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Analysis of Breast Cancer Mortality in the US
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 16, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Based on four simulation models, breast cancer screening, treatment of stage I to III breast cancer, and treatment of metastatic breast cancer were each associated with reduced breast cancer mortality between 1975 and 2019 in the U.S.
Authors: Sylvia K. Plevritis, Ph.D., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.25881)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Early-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease and Related Health Care Spending
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Vacation Days Taken, Work During Vacation, and Burnout Among US Physicians
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Family Physician–to–Hospital Specialist Electronic Consultation and Access to Hospital Care
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Medicaid Expansion Under the Affordable Care Act and Early Mortality Following Lung Cancer Surgery
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 12, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of nearly 15,000 adults with non–small cell lung cancer, Medicaid expansion was associated with declines in 30- and 90-day postoperative mortality following hospital discharge. These findings suggest that Medicaid expansion may be an effective strategy for improving access to care and cancer outcomes in this population.
Authors: Leticia M. Nogueira, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.51529)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Trends in Cancer Mortality Disparities Between Black and White Individuals in the US
JAMA Health Forum
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 12, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: Although U.S. age-adjusted cancer mortality rates declined significantly between 2000 and 2020, substantial racial and ethnic disparities persisted for many common and preventable cancers, including female breast and male colorectal cancer. Cancer disparities arise from a confluence of factors, including structural racism, medical mistrust, health care access inequities, poor socioenvironmental conditions, aggressive tumor biology, and genetic ancestry.
Authors: Tomi Akinyemiju, Ph.D., M.S., of the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4617)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Childhood Trauma, Emotional Awareness, and Neural Correlates of Long-Term Nicotine Smoking
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Mediating Factors in the Association of Maternal Educational Level With Pregnancy Outcomes
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Tick-Borne Disease Infections and Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain
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Head and Neck Cancer Incidence Before and During the Pandemic
JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 11, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this study of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer from 2017 to 2020 in the U.S., the incidence of localized head and neck cancer declined during the first year of the pandemic. A subsequent increase in advanced-stage diagnoses may be observed in later years.
Authors: Nosayaba (Nosa) Osazuwa-Peters, B.D.S., Ph.D., M.P.H., C.H.E.S., of the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2023.4322)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Substance Use Disorders Among Adult Cancer Survivors
JAMA Oncology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 11, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The findings of this study of 6,101 adult cancer survivors suggest that substance use disorder (SUD) prevalence is higher among survivors of certain types of cancer; this information could be used to identify cancer survivors who may benefit from integrated cancer and SUD care. Future efforts to understand and address the needs of adult cancer survivors with comorbid SUD should prioritize cancer populations in which SUD prevalence is high.
Authors: Devon K. Check, Ph.D., of the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.5785)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Trends in Incident Prescriptions for Behavioral Health Medications
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A Systematic Evaluation of Machine Learning–Based Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder
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Funding for Refugee Health Research From the NIH Between 2000 and 2020
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Medical Student Burnout by Race, Ethnicity, and Multiple Disability Status
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Global Prevalence of Adolescent Use of Nonprescription Weight-Loss Products
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This meta-analysis that included 90 studies with 604,000 participants found that use of weight-loss products occurs at high levels in adolescents, especially girls. These findings suggest that, given the ineffectiveness of these products for weight loss coupled with their harmful long-term health consequences, interventions are required to reduce use of weight-loss products in this group.
Authors: Natasha Yvonne Hall, Pharm.B., M.H.E., of Deakin University in Melbourne, Australia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50940)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Early Prediction of Autistic Spectrum Disorder Using Developmental Surveillance Data
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of nearly 1.2 million children, prediction models achieved high performance in predicting the likelihood of autistic spectrum disorder, using information from routine developmental assessments. This tool may be seamlessly integrated in the clinical workflow to improve early identification of children who may benefit from timely interventions.
Authors: Guy Amit, Ph.D., of the KI Research Institute in Kfar Malal, Israel, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.51052)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Hybrid Cardiac Rehabilitation Program in a Low-Resource Setting
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Patient-Reported Financial Burden of Treatment for Colon or Rectal Cancer
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Obesity, Twin Pregnancy, and the Role of Assisted Reproductive Technology
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Receipt of General Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Racial disparities in rates of general anesthesia continue to exist; however, the findings of this study including 35,000 patients who underwent cesarean delivery suggest that, for laboring patients who had labor epidural catheters in situ, no disparity by race or ethnicity existed. Future studies should address whether disparities in care that occur prior to neuraxial catheter placement are associated with higher rates of general anesthesia among patients from ethnic and racial minority groups.
Authors: Caroline Leigh Thomas, M.D., of the University of Chicago Medical Center, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50825)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Perinatal Depression and Risk of Suicidal Behavior
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 9, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 952,000 participants, women with perinatal depression were at an increased risk of suicidal behavior, particularly within the first year after diagnosis with persistent risk elevations throughout the 18 years of follow-up, highlighting the need for vigilant clinical monitoring of this vulnerable group.
Authors: Hang Yu, M.Sc., and Donghao Lu, M.D., Ph.D., of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50897)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Publication of Results of Registered Trials With Published Study Protocols
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Place of Death Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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COVID-19 Immunization Coverage Among People With Sickle Cell Disease
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Measuring Equity in Readmission as a Distinct Assessment of Hospital Performance
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Social Risk and Dialysis Facility Performance in the First Year of the ESRD Treatment Choices Model
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Early Tecovirimat Treatment for Mpox Disease Among People With HIV
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Primary Care Patients’ Perspectives on Health Care Screening for Firearms in a Diverse, Urban Area
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Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Initiation Among Adolescents After an American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement
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Diagnostic Errors in Hospitalized Adults Who Died Or Were Transferred to Intensive Care
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 8, 2024
Media advisory: The full study, editor’s note and Viewpoint are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Diagnostic errors in hospitalized adults who died or were transferred to the intensive care unit were common and associated with patient harm in this analysis of 2,428 patient records at 29 hospitals. Problems with choosing and interpreting tests and the processes involved with clinician assessment are high-priority areas for improvement efforts.
Authors: Andrew D. Auerbach, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7347)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Early-Life Digital Media Experiences and Development of Atypical Sensory Processing
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 8, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Early-life digital media exposure was associated with atypical sensory processing outcomes in multiple domains in this study that included 1,471 children. These findings suggest that digital media exposure might be a potential risk factor for the development of atypical sensory profiles. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between screen time and specific sensory-related developmental and behavioral outcomes, and whether minimizing early-life exposure can improve subsequent sensory-related outcomes.
Authors: Karen F. Heffler, M.D., of the Drexel University College of Medicine in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5923)
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Sibling Death in Childhood and Early Adulthood and Risk of Early-Onset Cardiovascular Disease
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 8, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of more than 2 million individuals born in Denmark, sibling death in childhood and early adulthood was associated with increased risks of overall and most type-specific early-onset cardiovascular diseases, with the strength of associations varying by cause of death and age difference between sibling pairs. The findings highlight the need for extra attention and support to the bereaved siblings to reduce cardiovascular disease risk later in life.
Authors: Guoyou Qin, Ph.D., and Yongfu Yu, Ph.D., of Fudan University in Shanghai, China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50814)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Reporting Requirements, Confidentiality, and Legal Immunity for Physicians Who Report Medically Impaired Drivers
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Telehealth Expansion, Internet Speed, and Primary Care Access Before and During COVID-19
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Xylazine in Overdose Deaths and Forensic Drug Reports
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History of Infertility and Midlife Cardiovascular Health in Female Individuals
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In Utero Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco and Electroencephalogram Power During Childhood
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Trends in High-Acuity Cardiovascular Events During the Pandemic
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Maternal Diabetes and Overweight and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 5, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study of 620,000 children found that maternal type 1 diabetes was associated with increased risk for most types of congenital heart defects in offspring, while obesity and overweight were associated with increased risk for complex defects and outflow tract obstruction and decreased risk for ventricular septal defects. These different risk profiles of type 1 diabetes and overweight and obesity may suggest distinct underlying teratogenic mechanisms.
Authors: Riitta Turunen, M.D., Ph.D., and Emmi Helle, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Helsinki, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50579)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Evaluation of Changes in Prices and Purchases Following Implementation of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes Across the US
JAMA Health Forum
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 5, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes in Boulder, Colorado; Philadelphia, Oakland, San Francisco, and Seattle led to substantial, consistent declines in SSB purchases following price increases associated with those taxes. Scaling SSB taxes nationally could yield substantial public health benefits.
Authors: Scott Kaplan, Ph.D., of the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4737)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Exposure to Residential Green Space and Bone Mineral Density in Young Children
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The Role of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep in Anorexia Nervosa
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Mobile Application–Based Communication Facilitation Platform for Family Members of Critically Ill Patients
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Green Space Morphology and School Myopia in China
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Hearing Loss, Hearing Aid Use, and Risk of Dementia in Older Adults
JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 4, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The results of this study that included 573,000 persons suggest that hearing loss was associated with increased dementia risk, especially among people not using hearing aids, suggesting that hearing aids might prevent or delay the onset and progression of dementia. The risk estimates were lower than in previous studies, highlighting the need for more high-quality longitudinal studies.
Authors: Manuella Lech Cantuaria, Ph.D., of the University of Southern Denmark in Odense, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2023.3509)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Limited English Proficiency and Sepsis Mortality by Race and Ethnicity
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 4, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of 2,709 patients hospitalized with sepsis from 2016 to 2019 at an urban tertiary care center suggest a language-based inequity in outcomes. Further studies are needed to understand drivers of this inequity, how it may manifest in other diverse health systems, and to inform equitable care models for patients with limited English proficiency.
Authors: Neha P. Limaye, M.D., M.P.H., of Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50373)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Geographic Dialysis Facility Density and Early Dialysis Initiation
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Incidence of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections Before and During the Pandemic
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Lived Experience of Acne and Acne Treatment in Transgender Patients
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Online Racial Discrimination, Suicidal Ideation, and Traumatic Stress in a National Sample of Black Adolescents
JAMA Psychiatry
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 3, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This study that included 525 Black adolescents found an association between individual online racial discrimination and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and suicidal ideation. These risk factors are important to consider in continuing studies of the cause of suicidal ideation for Black adolescents in the U.S.
Authors: Brendesha M. Tynes, Ph.D., of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.
(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4961)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Inpatient Costs of Treating Patients With COVID-19
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 3, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of more than 1.3 million inpatient admissions for treatment of COVID-19 from March 2020 through March 2022, researchers estimated an average national medical resource use or hospital cost to deliver care per COVID-19 inpatient stay at $11,275. Hospital costs increased more than five times the rate of medical inflation over this period. This was explained partly by changes in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, which also increased over time. Nonetheless, costs to provide inpatient care increased even as care practices changed, vaccination rates increased, and the variants of concern evolved.
Authors: Kandice A. Kapinos, Ph.D., of the RAND Corporation in Arlington, Virginia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50145)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Diagnostic Accuracy of a Large Language Model in Pediatric Case Studies
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Child Neurodevelopment After Multidomain Interventions From Preconception Through Early Childhood
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