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Risk of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction Among Initiators of Triptans
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Healthy Lifestyle and Cognition in Older Adults With Common Neuropathologies of Dementia
JAMA Neurology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This study found that in older adults, a healthy lifestyle may provide a cognitive reserve to maintain cognitive abilities independently of common neuropathologies of dementia.
Authors: Klodian Dhana, M.D., Ph.D., of Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5491)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents Ages 5 to 17
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The bivalent COVID-19 vaccines protected children and adolescents against SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19 in this study including 2,959 participants ages 5 to 17 years. These data demonstrate the benefit of COVID-19 vaccine in children and adolescents. All eligible children and adolescents should remain up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccinations.
Authors: Leora R. Feldstein, Ph.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.27022)
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Neonatal Outcomes After COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this population-based study from Sweden and Norway that included 94,000 infants exposed to COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and 102,000 control infants born between June 2021 and January 2023, vaccination of pregnant individuals with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines was not associated with increased risks of neonatal adverse events in their infants.
Authors: Mikael Norman, M.D., Ph.D., of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.26945)
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Officer-Involved Killings of Unarmed Black People and Racial Disparities in Sleep Health
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2024
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About The Study: Sleep duration among Black survey respondents worsened after exposure to officer-involved killings of unarmed Black individuals in their area of residence. The findings were specific to officer involved killings of unarmed Black people, and no adverse outcomes on sleep health were found for white respondents. These findings underscore the role of structural racism in shaping racial disparities in sleep health.
Authors: Atheendar S. Venkataramani, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8003)
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Injuries From Legal Interventions Involving Conducted Energy Devices
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This study of emergency department visits for physical injuries from use of conducted energy devices, such as TASERs, by police departments found that most visits involved young Black and white males from low-income areas. Black individuals were overrepresented in the sample versus the U.S. population, consistent with research demonstrating increased risk of police violence in Black populations.
Authors: Kevin N. Griffith, Ph.D., of the Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8012)
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School Vaccine Coverage and Medical Exemption Uptake After the New York State Repeal of Nonmedical Vaccination Exemptions
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Prevalence of Technology-Facilitated Abuse Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youths
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Compliance With Federal Regulations on Waterpipe Tobacco Warnings on Packaging
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Interpretation of Antibiotic Trials in Pediatric Pneumonia
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Availability of Mental Telehealth Services in the US
JAMA Health Forum
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: The findings of this study of 1,404 mental health treatment facilities indicate that there were no differences in the availability of mental telehealth services based on the prospective patient’s clinical condition, perceived race or ethnicity, or sex; however, differences were found at the facility-, county-, and state-level. These findings suggest widespread disparities in who has access to which telehealth services throughout the U.S.
Authors: Jonathan Cantor, Ph.D., of the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.5142)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Risk of Venous Thromboembolic Events After Surgery for Cancer
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study including 432,000 patients who underwent major surgery for eight cancer types found an increased rate of venous thromboembolism associated with cancer surgery. The risk persisted for about two to four months postoperatively but varied between cancer types. The increased rate is likely explained by the underlying cancer disease and adjuvant treatments. The results highlight the need for individualized venous thromboembolism risk evaluation and prophylaxis regimens for patients undergoing different surgery for different cancers.
Authors: Johan Björklund, M.D., Ph.D., of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54352)
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Changes in Health Care Access and Preventive Health Screenings by Race and Ethnicity
JAMA Health Forum
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: The results of this study of 89,000 adults suggest that wellness visits and preventive health screenings in the U.S. have not returned to pre-pandemic levels. Screening rates for blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose, and common cancers were lower in 2021 versus 2019, and varied across racial and ethnic groups, with Asian adults experiencing the most pronounced declines. These findings support the need for public health efforts to increase the use of preventive health screenings among eligible adults.
Authors: Rishi K. Wadhera, M.D., M.P.P., M.Phil., of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.5058)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Differential Associations of Alcohol Use With Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality by Socioeconomic Status
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Prenatal Care Initiation and Exposure to Teratogenic Medications
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Diabetic Retinopathy and Quality of Life
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Amblyopia Care Trends Following Widespread Photoscreener Adoption
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Cerebral Cortical Surface Structure and Neural Activation Pattern Among Adolescent Football Players
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 205 adolescent football players and 70 noncontact control athletes, there was evidence of discernible structural and physiological differences in the brains of adolescent football players compared with their noncontact controls. Many of the affected brain regions were associated with mental health well-being.
Authors: Keisuke Kawata, Ph.D., of Indiana University in Bloomington, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54235)
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Physical Activity and Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Physical activity was associated with better late-life cognition, but the association was weak in this systematic review and meta-analysis including 104 studies with 341,000 participants. However, even a weak association is important from a population health perspective.
Authors: Paula Iso-Markku, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Helsinki, Finland is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54285)
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Outcomes in Clinical Subgroups of Patients With Alcohol-Related Hospitalizations
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Trajectories of Postoperative Depressive Symptoms in Older Patient Undergoing Major Surgery
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Critical Domains Within the Self-Reported Patient Experience of Virtual Care
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Sudarshan Kriya Yoga Breathing and a Meditation Program for Burnout Among Physicians
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Perspectives on Full-Body Skin Examinations Among Sexual and Gender Minority Patients
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Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Falls With and Without Injuries Among Older Women
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 31, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Participation in leisure-time physical activity at the recommended level or above was associated with lower odds of both non-injurious and injurious falls in this study of 7,100 older women. Brisk walking and both moderate and moderate-vigorous leisure-time physical activity were associated with lower odds of non-injurious falls.
Authors: Wing S. Kwok, B.App.Sc., of the University of Sydney in Sydney, Australia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54036)
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Worldwide Prevalence and Disability From Mental Disorders Across Childhood and Adolescence
JAMA Psychiatry
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 31, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this analysis using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study, there was a high prevalence of mental disorders affecting children and youths, indicating that more than 1 of 10 (or 293 million) individuals ages 5 to 24 globally live with a diagnosable mental disorder. In terms of burden, around one-fifth of all disease-related disability (considering all causes) was attributable to mental disorders among this population. Additionally, this age period encompasses about one-fourth of the mental disorder burden across the entire life course.
Authors: Christian Kieling, M.D., Ph.D., of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul in Porto Alegre, Brazil, is the corresponding author.
(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5051)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Multiomic Analysis of Neuroinflammation and Occult Infection in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
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Substance Use, Suicidal Thoughts, and Psychiatric Comorbidities Among High School Students
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Physical Activity and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Ketamine Compared With Morphine for Out-of-Hospital Analgesia for Patients With Traumatic Pain
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Emergency Department Access to Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder
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Food Insecurity and Premature Mortality and Life Expectancy in the US
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 29, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Although the association of food security and life expectancy varied across sex and racial and ethnic groups, overall, lower levels of food security were associated with a higher risk of premature mortality and a shorter life expectancy in this study of 57,000 adults. The findings of this study highlight the potential importance of improving food security in promoting population health and health equity.
Authors: Lu Qi, M.D., of Tulane University in New Orleans, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7968)
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Wealth Redistribution to Extend Longevity in the US
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 29, 2024
Media advisory: The full study, editorial and editor’s note are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The findings of this study of 35,000 adults age 50 or older suggest that wealth inequality in the U.S. is associated with significant inequities in survival. Wealth redistribution policies may substantially reduce those inequities and increase population longevity.
Authors: Kathryn E. W. Himmelstein, M.D., M.S.Ed., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7975)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Efficacy of Electronic Cigarettes vs Varenicline and Nicotine Chewing Gum as an Aid to Stop Smoking
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 29, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this randomized clinical trial including 1,068 smokers, electronic cigarettes were as effective as varenicline and more effective than nicotine chewing gum as a stop-smoking aid when all three treatments were provided with minimal behavioral support.
Authors: Zhao Liu, Ph.D., of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital in Beijing, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7846)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Breast Cancer Incidence Among US Women Ages 20 to 49 by Race, Stage, and Hormone Receptor Status
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Structural Racism, Mass Incarceration, and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity
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Implications of Preoperative Depression for Lumbar Spine Surgery Outcomes
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Trends in Encounters for Emergency Contraception in Emergency Departments, 2006-2020
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Incidence of Fit Test Failure During N95 Respirator Reuse and Extended Use
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 824 N95s used by 412 emergency department health care workers practicing N95 reuse, fit failure occurred in 38.7% of masks after one shift. Trifold N95s had higher incidence of fit failure compared with dome N95s. These results may inform pandemic preparedness, specifically policies related to N95 selection and reuse practices.
Authors: Ralph C. Wang, M.D., M.A.S., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53631)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Job Flows Into and Out of Health Care Before and After the Pandemic
JAMA Health Forum
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4964?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012624
About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: The results of this study of approximately 18 million health care industry employees suggest a substantial and persistent increase in health care workforce turnover after the pandemic, which may have long-lasting implications for workers’ willingness to remain in health care jobs. Policymakers and health care organizations may need to act to prevent further losses of experienced staff.
Authors: Karen Shen, Ph.D., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.4964)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Clinical Risk and Outpatient Therapy Utilization for COVID-19 in the Medicare Population
JAMA Health Forum
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: In this study of patients enrolled in Medicare in 2022, those at the highest risk for severe COVID-19 infection received COVID-19 therapy less often than those with the least risk. Disparities in therapy access were found by patient age, race and ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility, and nursing home residence.
Authors: Michael L. Barnett, M.D., of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.5044)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Self-Rated Health and Semen Quality in Men Using Assisted Reproductive Technology
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Advance Care Planning Intervention Effectiveness in Adults Receiving Dialysis and Their Families
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Quality Measure Adherence and Oral Health Outcomes in Children
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Preoperative Concerns of Older Adults and Decisions About Elective Surgery
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Smartphone-Based Shopping Mall Walking Program and Daily Walking Steps
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 30, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study found that the use of a smartphone-based mall walking program combined with physical shopping mall facilities and lottery-based digital incentive coupons may motivate people to increase their daily number of walking steps.
Authors: Masamichi Hanazato, Ph.D., of Chiba University in Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53957)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Comparison of Sleeve Gastrectomy vs Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 30, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53141?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=013024
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This randomized clinical trial of 1,735 patients undergoing primary bariatric surgery found that both laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were performed with a low perioperative risk without clinically significant differences between groups.
Authors: Suzanne Hedberg, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Gothenburg in Gothenburg, Sweden is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53141)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postpartum Depression in Women With Prenatal Depression
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Public Attitudes Toward Ethics and Practices in End-of-Life Decision-Making for Neonates
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Disparities in Diagnostic Timeliness and Outcomes of Pediatric Appendicitis
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Suicidal Thoughts and Trajectories of Psychopathological and Behavioral Symptoms in Adolescence
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53166?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012524
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study of 2,780 adolescents found that persistent withdrawn symptoms and increasing somatic symptoms during early to mid-adolescence were associated with an increased risk of suicidal thoughts in mid-adolescence, even after accounting for comorbid symptoms and confounders. Attention should be paid to the suicidal risk associated with these symptoms, particularly when they persist or increase in the longitudinal follow-up.
Authors: Shuntaro Ando, Ph.D., of the University of Tokyo, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53166)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Gaps in the Vision Screening Pathway for School-Aged Children
JAMA Ophthalmology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 25, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6316?guestAccessKey=41ed50ce-bfbc-441c-91ba-673cbb69b0a4&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=012524
About The Study: The current approach to vision screening in the U.S. may not adequately provide care to all children. At each stage along the care pathway, children from historically marginalized racial and ethnic groups, low-income households, and non–English language speakers experience worse outcomes—they were less likely to receive screening, more likely to be referred for failed screening, and less likely to establish care with a specialist. High referral rates in these vulnerable groups may suggest higher prevalence of undiagnosed conditions or elevated false-positive results from suboptimal screening strategies.
Authors: Isdin Oke, M.D., M.P.H., of Boston Children’s Hospital, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.6316)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Emphasizing Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data Capture for Improved Cardiovascular Care of the LGBTQ+ Population
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Recruiting a Diverse Cardiology Physician Workforce
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Clinical Features and Outcomes of Black Patients with Melanoma
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Prescription Stimulant Use During Pregnancy and Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children
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Contrasting Characteristics and Outcomes of Sports-Related and Non–Sports-Related Traumatic Brain Injury
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 24, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53318?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012424
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 4,360 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), functional limitations six months after injury were common after sports-related TBI, even mild sports-related TBI. Persisting impairment was evident in the sports-related TBI group despite better recovery compared with non–sports-related TBI on measures of mental health and post-concussion symptoms. These findings caution against taking an overoptimistic view of outcomes after sports-related TBI, even if the initial injury appears mild.
Authors: Lindsay Wilson, Ph.D., of the University of Stirling in Stirling, United Kingdom, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53318)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Fracture Risk Among Living Kidney Donors 25 Years After Donation
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 24, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This survey study found a reduced rate of overall fractures but an excess of vertebral fractures among living kidney donors compared with controls after a mean follow-up of 25 years. Treatment of excess vertebral fractures with dietary supplements such as vitamin D3 may reduce the numbers of vertebral fractures and patient morbidity.
Authors: Rajiv Kumar, M.B.B.S., of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53005)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Physician Perspectives on Addressing Anti-Black Racism
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Rape-Related Pregnancies in the 14 States With Total Abortion Bans
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Patient Priorities–Aligned Care for Older Adults With Multiple Conditions
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Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Following the Pandemic
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Maternal Autistic Traits and Adverse Birth Outcomes
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52809?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012324
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 87,000 women, higher level of maternal autistic traits was associated with increased risk of adverse birth outcomes, particularly very preterm birth. Acknowledging the risks and providing tailored and timely antenatal care support to women with a high level of autistic traits in the general population, particularly women with autistic traits within the clinical range, regardless of formal diagnosis, is warranted.
Authors: Mariko Hosozawa, M.D., Ph.D., of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine in Tokyo, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52809)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Intranasal Naloxone Repeat Dosing Strategies and Fentanyl Overdose
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Patient Self-Assessment of Walking Ability and Fracture Risk in Older Adults
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52675?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012324
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Self-reported walking limitations were associated with increased risk of fracture in this study of 238,000 participants age 45 and older. These findings suggest that walking ability should be sought by clinicians to identify high-risk candidates for further assessment.
Authors: Dana Bliuc, Ph.D., of the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52675)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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International Consensus Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 12:30 P.M. (ET), SUNDAY, JANUARY 21, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editorials are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Society of Critical Care Medicine’s Critical Care Congress.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.0179?guestAccessKey=6db34f76-3a01-47d7-b29d-1b536f06c451&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=012124
About The Study: The Phoenix sepsis criteria for sepsis and septic shock in children were derived and validated by the international Society of Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Sepsis Definition Task Force using a large international database and survey, systematic review and meta-analysis, and modified Delphi consensus approach. A Phoenix Sepsis Score of at least 2 identified potentially life-threatening organ dysfunction in children younger than 18 years with infection, and its use has the potential to improve clinical care, epidemiological assessment, and research in pediatric sepsis and septic shock around the world.
Authors: R. Scott Watson, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0179)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Development and Validation of the Phoenix Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 12:30 P.M. (ET), SUNDAY, JANUARY 21, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editorials are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Society of Critical Care Medicine’s Critical Care Congress.
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About The Study: In this international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study including more than 3.6 million pediatric encounters, a novel score, the Phoenix Sepsis Score, was derived and validated to predict mortality in children with suspected or confirmed infection. The new criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock based on the score performed better than existing organ dysfunction scores and the International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference criteria.
Authors: Tellen D. Bennett, M.D., M.S., of the University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado in Aurora, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0196)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Effect of Acupuncture vs Sham Acupuncture on Patients With Poststroke Motor Aphasia
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First Trimester Use of Buprenorphine or Methadone and the Risk of Congenital Malformations
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Diagnostic Accuracy of a Plasma Phosphorylated Tau 217 Immunoassay for Alzheimer Disease Pathology
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Evaluation of a Large Language Model to Identify Confidential Content in Adolescent Encounter Notes
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Functional Outcomes After Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment
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Mental Health Counseling From Conversational Content With Transformer-Based Machine Learning
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Cardiovascular, Neurological, and Immunological Adverse Events and the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
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Improvement of Social Isolation and Loneliness and Excess Mortality Risk in People With Obesity
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 22, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52824?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012224
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of 398,000 UK Biobank participants support the improvement of social isolation and loneliness in people with obesity to decrease obesity-related excess risk of mortality.
Authors: Lu Qi, M.D., Ph.D., of the Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine in New Orleans, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52824)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Anxiety and Depression Symptoms After the Dobbs Abortion Decision
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this analysis of survey data from 718,000 participants from December 2021 to January 2023, residence in states with abortion trigger laws (anticipatory bans that would go into effect should Roe v Wade be overturned) compared with residence in states without such laws was associated with a small but significantly greater increase in anxiety and depression symptoms after the Dobbs v Jackson decision in June 2022.
Authors: Benjamin Thornburg, B.S., of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.25599)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Cancer Diagnoses After Recent Weight Loss
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Health professionals with weight loss within the prior two years had a significantly higher risk of cancer during the subsequent 12 months compared with those without recent weight loss in this study that included 157,000 participants. Cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract was particularly common among participants with recent weight loss compared with those without recent weight loss.
Authors: Brian M. Wolpin, M.D., M.P.H., of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.25869)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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In Utero Exposure to Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 and 18 Months
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 22, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The results of this study including 2,261 and 1,940 infants ages 12 and 18 months, respectively, suggest that COVID-19 vaccination was safe during pregnancy from the perspective of infant neurodevelopment to 18 months of age. Additional longer-term research should be conducted to corroborate these findings and buttress clinical guidance with a strong evidence base.
Authors: Eleni G. Jaswa, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.5743)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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USPSTF Statement on Screening for Speech and Language Delay and Disorders in Children
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 23, 2024
Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 301-951-9203. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time and all USPSTF articles remain free indefinitely https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.26952?guestAccessKey=93b2f601-4670-4f0c-8082-dd2e57a09ab7&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=012324
Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger without signs or symptoms. Speech and language delays and disorders can pose significant problems for children and their families. Evidence suggests that school-aged children with speech or language delays may be at increased risk of learning and literacy disabilities, including difficulties with reading and writing. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this updated recommendation is consistent with its 2015 recommendation on screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.26952)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.
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AI’s Threat to the Medical Profession
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Severe Hypocalcemia With Denosumab Among Older Female Dialysis-Dependent Patients
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Recreational and Medical Cannabis Legalization and Opioid Prescriptions and Mortality
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Survey Protocols, Response Rates, and Representation of Underserved Patients
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Opioid Prescribing Patterns After Imposition of Setting-Specific Limits on Prescription Duration
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Increased Risk of Long-Term Disabilities Following Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Sweden
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Dose-Response Associations of Lipid Traits With Coronary Artery Disease and Mortality
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Social Risk, Social Need, and Use of the Emergency Department
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Timing of Maternal COVID-19 Vaccine and Antibody Concentrations in Infants Born Preterm
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this prospective cohort study of 220 pregnant individuals with preterm and full-term deliveries, receipt of three or more compared with two doses of COVID-19 vaccine before delivery resulted in 10-fold higher cord anti-Spike antibody levels. Maternal antibody concentration appeared more important than delivery gestational age in determining cord anti-Spike antibody levels. The number of doses and timing considerations for COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy should include individuals at risk for preterm delivery.
Authors: Alisa Kachikis, M.D., M.S., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52387)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Occupational Sitting Time, Leisure Physical Activity, and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study involving 481,000 individuals over a mean follow-up period of nearly 13 years, individuals who predominantly engaged in sitting at work exhibited a higher risk of mortality from all causes and cardiovascular disease compared with those who predominantly did not sit. Individuals who predominantly sit at work would need to engage in an additional 15 to 30 minutes of physical activity per day to mitigate this increased risk and reach the same level of risk as individuals who predominantly do not sit at work.
Authors: Chi-Pang Wen, M.D., Ph.D., of the National Health Research Institutes in Miaoli County, Taiwan, and Min-Kuang Tsai, Ph.D., of Taipei Medical University in New Taipei City, Taiwan, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50680)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Out-of-Pocket Costs and Outpatient Visits Among Patients With Cancer in High-Deductible Health Plans
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Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice
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Olfaction and Mobility in Older Adults
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Physical Function Trajectories and Mortality in Older Adults With Multisensory Impairment
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Early Home Visits and Health Outcomes in Low-Income Mothers and Offspring
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Co-Occurrence of Nocturnal Hypertension and Nocturnal Blood Pressure Decreases
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Neurostimulation for Advanced Parkinson Disease and Quality of Life at 5 Years
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 18, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52177?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=011824
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This nonrandomized controlled trial of 108 patients with advanced Parkinson disease found that at 5-year follow-up quality of life remained stable in the deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) group and worsened in the standard-of-care medication group, mainly driven by the favorable effect of STN-DBS on mobility. These findings may provide helpful information when counseling patients on the efficacy of STN-DBS for Parkinson disease and monitoring patients postoperatively in long-term follow-up.
Authors: Stefanie T. Jost, Ph.D., and Haidar S. Dafsari, M.D., of the University of Cologne, Germany, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52177)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Cannabis and Driving in Older Adults
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, JANUARY 18, 2024
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52233?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=011824
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study that included 31 participants ages 65 to 79 suggest that older drivers, even if they regularly use cannabis, show evidence of impaired driving performance after smoking cannabis. Weaving was increased and speed was decreased at 30 minutes after smoking, which was not correlated with blood tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations; subjective experience and self-reports of impaired driving persisted for three hours.
Authors: Patricia Di Ciano, Ph.D., of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52233)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Hemoglobin A1c and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence Among Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity
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