Healthy Lifestyle and the Likelihood of Becoming a Centenarian

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JUNE 20, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this case-control study of Chinese older adults, adhering to a healthy lifestyle appears to be important even at late ages, suggesting that constructing strategic plans to improve lifestyle behaviors among all older adults may play a key role in promoting healthy aging and longevity. 

Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Xiang Gao, M.D., Ph.D. (xiang_gao@fudan.edu.cn) and Xiaoming Shi, M.D., Ph.D. (shixm@chinacdc.cn).

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17931)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Variation in Postoperative Outcomes Across Federally Designated Hospital Star Ratings

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JUNE 18, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Although Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) hospital star rating was associated with postoperative mortality, serious complications, and readmissions, there was wide variation in surgical outcomes within each star rating group. These findings highlight the limitations of the CMS hospital star rating system as a measure of surgical quality and should be a call for continued improvement of publicly reported hospital grade measures. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Adrian Diaz, M.D., M.P.H., email adrian.diaz@osumc.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.1582)

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Multifaceted Intensive Blood Pressure Control Model in Older and Younger Individuals With Hypertension

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State Cannabis Legalization and Trends in Cannabis-Related Disorders in Older Adults

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JUNE 18, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: Rates of cannabis-related disorder encounters increased from 2017 through 2022 among Medicare-insured older adults. This study observed the highest rates in states or territories that legalized adult and medical use of cannabis. The results also suggest higher average annual increases in states or territories that legalized medical cannabis.

Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Silvia Perez-Vilar, Ph.D., Pharm.D., email silvia.perezvilar@fda.hhs.gov

 

(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17634)

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Availability of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Community Mental Health Facilities

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JUNE 18, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this study of 450 community outpatient mental health treatment facilities in 20 high-burden states, approximately one-third offered medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). These results suggest that further study is needed to report MOUD uptake, either through increased prescribing at all clinics or through effective referral models

Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Jonathan Cantor, Ph.D., email jcantor@rand.org.

 

(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17545)

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Interpregnancy Interval After Healthy Live Birth and Subsequent Spontaneous Abortion

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Overdose, Behavioral Health Services, and Medications for Opioid Use Disorder After a Nonfatal Overdose

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Parental History of Memory Impairment and β-Amyloid in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults

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Financial Incentives and Treatment Outcomes in Adolescents With Severe Obesity

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Electronic Cigarettes vs Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Adults

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JUNE 17, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.  

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About The Study: This randomized clinical trial found that varenicline and nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes were both effective in helping individuals in quitting smoking conventional cigarettes for up to 6 months. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Anna Tuisku, Ph.D., email anna.tuisku@lapha.fi.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.1822)

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Epidemiologic Features of Recovery From SARS-CoV-2 Infection

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, JUNE 17, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: More than 1 in 5 adults did not recover within 3 months of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this cohort study. Recovery within 3 months was less likely in women and those with preexisting cardiovascular disease and more likely in those with COVID-19 vaccination or infection during the Omicron variant wave. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Elizabeth C. Oelsner, M.D., M.P.H., email eco7@cumc.columbia.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17440)

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Trends in Private Equity Consolidation in Cardiovascular Care

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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

USPSTF Recommendation Statement on Interventions for High BMI in Children and Adolescents

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10:30 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JUNE 18, 2024

Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 301-951-9203. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends that clinicians provide or refer children and adolescents 6 years or older with a high body mass index (BMI; at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex) to comprehensive, intensive behavioral interventions. Approximately 19.7% of children and adolescents ages 2 to 19 in the U.S. have a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex, based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts from 2000. The prevalence of high BMI increases with age and is higher among Hispanic/Latino, Native American/Alaska Native, and non-Hispanic Black children and adolescents and children from lower-income families. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this recommendation is consistent with its 2017 recommendation statement on screening for obesity in children and adolescents.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.11146)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.

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Germline CDH1 Variants and Lifetime Cancer Risk

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 4 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JUNE 14, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium.

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About The Study: Among families from North America with germline CDH1 P/LP variants, the cumulative risk of gastric cancer was 7% to 10%, which was lower than previously described, and the cumulative risk of breast cancer among female carriers was 37%, which was similar to prior estimates. These findings inform current management of individuals with germline CDH1 variants.

 

Quote from corresponding author Jeremy L. Davis, M.D.:

“We showed that the lifetime risk of cancer, specifically stomach cancer, in people born with CDH1 gene mutations is lower than we previously thought. This is very important to patients because for over 20 years we have recommended prophylactic stomach removal to eliminate the risk of hereditary gastric cancer. Complete stomach removal is a major operation, and life without a stomach has significant, long-lasting consequences.

“We believe these results will help many people save their stomachs. It is important to note that this research was made possible by a commitment to studying a rare disease and by sharing data across institutions.”

Contact information for Jeremy L. Davis, M.D.: email jeremy.davis@nih.gov.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.10852)

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Dapagliflozin for Critically Ill Patients With Acute Organ Dysfunction

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 4 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JUNE 14, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the Critical Care Reviews Meeting 2024.

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About The Study: The addition of dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, to standard care for critically ill patients and acute organ dysfunction did not improve clinical outcomes; however, confidence intervals were wide and could not exclude relevant benefits or harms for dapagliflozin. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Fernando G. Zampieri, M.D., Ph.D., email fernando.zampieri@einstein.br.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.10510)

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Cervical Cancer Screening Rates Among Rural and Urban Females

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JUNE 14, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This repeated cross-sectional study found that past-year Papanicolaou testing rates were lower in 2022 than 2019, pointing to a need to increase access to screenings to prevent an uptick in cervical cancer incidence. Rural-vs-urban differences in 2022 indicate a need to specifically target rural females. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Tyrone F. Borders, Ph.D., email ty.borders@uky.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17094)

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Pediatric RSV Hospitalizations and Respiratory Support After the Pandemic

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JUNE 13, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This cross-sectional study identified a post-pandemic pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surge that resulted in markedly increased hospital volumes and advanced respiratory support needs in older children with fewer comorbidities than pre-pandemic seasons. These clinical trends may inform novel vaccine allocation to reduce the overall burden during future RSV seasons.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding authors, email Zachary A. Winthrop, M.D. (zachary.winthrop@childrens.harvard.edu), and Melody G. Duvall, M.D., Ph.D. (melody.duvall@childrens.harvard.edu).

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.16852)

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Longitudinal Trends and Disparities in Diabetic Retinopathy Within an Aggregate Health Care Network

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Insurance Disparities in Quality of Care Among Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

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Association Between Cost Sharing and Naloxone Prescription Dispensing

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JUNE 13, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

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About The Study: The elimination of cost sharing might be associated with increased naloxone dispensing to commercially insured and Medicare patients.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Kao-Ping Chua, M.D., Ph.D., email chuak@med.umich.edu. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8378)

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Neighborhood Deprivation and Breast Cancer Mortality Among Black and White Women

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: Neighborhood deprivation was associated with increased breast cancer mortality among non-Hispanic white women in this cohort study. Neighborhood racial composition, residential mobility, and rurality did not explain the lack of association among non-Hispanic Black women, suggesting that factors beyond those explored here may contribute to breast cancer mortality in this racial group. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Lauren E. Barber, Ph.D., email lauren.barber@emory.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.16499)

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Incidence of Dementia Before Age 65 Years Among World Trade Center Attack Responders

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cohort study of World Trade Center responders who survived these unique exposures and participated in a longitudinal follow-up study of cognition from 2014 through 2022, when compared with responders with the lowest exposure levels or responders who used personalized protective equipment (PPE), more severe exposure to dust or debris was significantly associated with a higher risk of dementia before 65 years of age. This study suggests that the reliable use of PPE might help prevent the onset of dementia before age 65 years among individuals exposed to an uncontrolled building collapse. Future research is warranted to determine cerebral biomarkers for individuals with exposure-associated dementia.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Sean A. P. Clouston, Ph.D., email sean.clouston@stonybrookmedicine.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.16504)

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Prolonged vs Intermittent Infusions of β-Lactam Antibiotics in Adults With Sepsis or Septic Shock

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 4 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the Critical Care Reviews Meeting 2024.

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About The Study: Among adults in the intensive care unit who had sepsis or septic shock, the use of prolonged β-lactam antibiotic infusions was associated with a reduced risk of 90-day mortality compared with intermittent infusions. The current evidence presents a high degree of certainty for clinicians to consider prolonged infusions as a standard of care in the management of sepsis and septic shock.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jason A. Roberts, B.Pharm., Ph.D., email j.roberts@uq.edu.au. 

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.9803)

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Continuous vs Intermittent β-Lactam Antibiotic Infusions in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 4 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the Critical Care Reviews Meeting 2024.

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About The Study: The observed difference in 90-day mortality between continuous versus intermittent infusions of β-lactam antibiotics did not meet statistical significance in the primary analysis. However, the confidence interval around the effect estimate includes the possibility of both no important effect and a clinically important benefit in the use of continuous infusions in this group of patients.

 

Quote from corresponding author Joel M. Dulhunty, M.D., Ph.D.:

“The BLING III trial provides important evidence to guide antibiotic management and improve outcomes for patients with sepsis. This large randomized clinical trial involved over 7,000 patients with sepsis and compared continuous and short intermittent infusions for two common beta-lactam antibiotics. We found mortality at 90 days was 2% lower and clinical cure was 6% higher in patients receiving continuous infusions.

 

“While the difference in survival was not statistically significant, we conclude that these findings represent a likely clinically important benefit with the use of continuous infusions in adult patients treated for sepsis in the intensive care unit with piperacillin-tazobactam or meropenem.”

 

Contact information for Joel M. Dulhunty, M.D., Ph.D.: email Joel.Dulhunty@health.qld.gov.au.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.9779)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Global Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JUNE 10, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This study’s findings indicated 1 of 5 children or adolescents experienced excess weight and that rates of excess weight varied by regional income and Human Development Index. Excess weight among children and adolescents was associated with a mix of inherent, behavioral, environmental, and sociocultural influences that need the attention and committed intervention of primary care professionals, clinicians, health authorities, and the general public.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding authors, email Kewei Li, Ph.D. (vivian5225133@outlook.com) and Zhihui Li, Ph.D. (rockoliver@vip.sina.com).

 

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.1576)

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Women’s Representation in RCTs Evaluating FDA-Supervised Medical Devices

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Tau Positron Emission Tomography for Predicting Dementia in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment

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Cancer Incidence Trends in Successive Social Generations in the US

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, JUNE 10, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this model-based cohort analysis of incident invasive cancer in the general population, decreases in lung and cervical cancers in Generation X may be offset by gains at other sites. Generation X may be experiencing larger per-capita increases in the incidence of leading cancers than any prior generation born in 1908 through 1964. On current trajectories, cancer incidence could remain high for decades.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Philip S. Rosenberg, Ph.D., email rosenbep@mail.nih.gov.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15731)

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Severe Pediatric Neurological Manifestations With SARS-CoV-2 or MIS-C Hospitalization and New Morbidity

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, JUNE 10, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: The results of this study suggest that children and adolescents with acute SARS-CoV-2 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and severe neurological manifestations may be at high risk for long-term impairment and may benefit from screening and early intervention to assist recovery. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Ericka L. Fink, M.D., M.S., email finkel@ccm.upmc.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14122)

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Bidirectional Associations of Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Function Over Time

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JUNE 11, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: Greater depressive symptoms were associated with poorer memory at the study baseline and steeper memory change over time. A gradual linear change in depressive symptoms contributed to accelerated memory loss and vice versa, suggesting that psychological mood and memory performance are intrinsically associated.

Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Dorina Cadar, Ph.D., email d.cadar@bsms.ac.uk.

 

(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.16305)

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Sedentary Behaviors, Light-Intensity Physical Activity, and Healthy Aging

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JUNE 11, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

 

About The Study: In this cohort study, longer television watching time decreased odds of healthy aging, whereas light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) increased odds of healthy aging and replacing sitting watching television with LPA or MVPA, or with sleep in those who slept 7 hours per day or less, was associated with increased odds of healthy aging, providing evidence for rearranging 24-hour behavior to promote overall health.

Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Molin Wang, Ph.D., email mwang@hsph.harvard.edu.

 

(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.16300)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Race and Ethnicity Representation in Phase 2/3 Oncology Clinical Trial Publications

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.1388?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=060724

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and Symptoms in Adults With Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 3 P.M. (ET), FRIDAY, JUNE 7, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the Demystifying Long COVID North American Conference 2024. 

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.2007?guestAccessKey=face4b31-1b6e-498a-a147-cf6a9dee6986&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=060724

 

About The Study: The results of this randomized clinical trial showed that a 15-day course of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in a population of patients with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) was generally safe but did not demonstrate a significant benefit for improving select PASC symptoms in a mostly vaccinated cohort with protracted symptom duration. Further studies are needed to determine the role of antivirals in the treatment of PASC. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding authors, email Linda N. Geng, M.D., Ph.D. (geng@stanford.edu) and Upinder Singh, M.D. (usingh@stanford.edu).

 

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.2007)

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Bariatric Metabolic Surgery vs Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Mortality

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JUNE 7, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: Bariatric metabolic surgery was associated with greater reduced mortality compared with first-generation glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) among individuals with a diabetes duration of 10 years or less, mediated via greater weight loss in this cohort study. No differences in the risk for mortality were observed between the treatment modalities among individuals with a longer duration of diabetes, nor in the occurrence of nonfatal major adverse cardiovascular events among all patients. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Orna Reges, Ph.D., email orna.reges@gmail.com.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15392)

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Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Using 3 Definitions Among Women in the US and Canada

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JUNE 7, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.13967?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=060724

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: Three definitions of iron deficiency were associated with significantly different prevalence of iron deficiency in women, regardless of self-reported age, pregnancy, or race and ethnicity. Using higher serum ferritin thresholds to define iron deficiency could lead to diagnosis and treatment of more women with iron deficiency and greater reduction of related morbidity. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, James C. Barton, M.D., email bartonjames336@gmail.com.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.13967)

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Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring and Nurse Case Management in Black and Hispanic Patients With Stroke

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Heavy Lifetime Cannabis Use and Mortality by Sex

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JUNE 6, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: A positive association between cardiovascular disease mortality and heavy lifetime cannabis use was observed among females in this study. Longitudinal studies are needed in general populations to investigate the potential effects of cannabis on mortality.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Alexandre Vallee, M.D., Ph.D., email al.vallee@hopital-foch.com.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15227)

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Physical Activity, Cardiovascular Status, Mortality, and Prediabetes in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Adults

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JUNE 6, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cohort study of U.S. Hispanic or Latino and non-Hispanic adults, lower moderate to vigorous physical activity levels were associated with cardiovascular disease or mortality among participants with normoglycemia but not participants with prediabetes. Adults with prediabetes may benefit from reducing sedentary behavior and improving multiple lifestyle factors beyond improving moderate to vigorous physical activity alone. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Robert C. Kaplan, Ph.D., email robert.kaplan@einsteinmed.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15094)

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Early Implementation of Exercise to Facilitate Recovery After Breast Cancer Surgery

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Large Language Model Capabilities in Perioperative Risk Prediction and Prognostication

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Cannabis Use Reported by Patients Receiving Primary Care in a Large Health System

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 5, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: Cannabis use and risk of cannabis use disorder were common, and more than three-quarters of patients who reported any cannabis use reported doing so to manage a health-related symptom in this study. These findings suggest that integration of information regarding cannabis use for symptom management could help provide a crucial point-of-care opportunity for clinicians to understand their patients’ risk for cannabis use disorder. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Marjan Javanbakht, M.P.H., Ph.D., email javan@ucla.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14809)

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The Carceral State, Social Disorganization, and Firearm Homicides in Chicago

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JUNE 5, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This study found that higher rates of incarceration were associated with increased rates of firearm homicides among Black communities alone; this association was found to be mediated partially through the density of single-parent households in these areas, suggesting that social disorganization resulting from mass incarceration may perpetuate firearm homicides. Targeted policies addressing mass incarceration and the disparities therein may be a means of reducing urban firearm homicides. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Michael Poulson, M.D., M.P.H., email mpoulson@bu.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.1596)

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Mortality and Morbidity in Adults With Rheumatic Heart Disease

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 5, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Mortality in rheumatic heart disease is high and is correlated with the severity of valve disease. Valve surgery and valvuloplasty were associated with substantially lower mortality. Study findings suggest a greater need to improve access to surgical and interventional care, in addition to the current approaches focused on antibiotic prophylaxis and anticoagulation.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Ganesan Karthikeyan, M.D., D.M., email karthik2010@gmail.com.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8258)

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Service Dogs for Veterans and Military Members With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, JUNE 4, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This nonrandomized controlled trial found that compared with usual care alone, partnership with a trained psychiatric service dog was associated with lower posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and higher psychosocial functioning in veterans. Psychiatric service dogs may be an effective complementary intervention for military service–related PTSD. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Marguerite E. O’Haire, Ph.D., email maggieohaire@arizona.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14686)

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Access to Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing and Mortality Among Men With Prostate Cancer

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, JUNE 4, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This population-based cohort study of men with prostate cancer suggests that higher county-level prevalence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening was associated with lower odds of advanced disease, all-cause mortality, and prostate cancer–specific mortality. Associations varied by age, race and ethnicity, and U.S. Census region. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Hari S. Iyer, Sc.D., M.P.H., email hari.iyer@rutgers.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14582)

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Lowering Fecal Immunochemical Test Positivity Threshold vs Multitarget Stool RNA Testing for Colorectal Cancer Screening

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, SATURDAY, JUNE 1, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting.

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About The Study: This study found that comparable levels of sensitivity and specificity as reported for the multitarget stool RNA (mt-sRNA) test in the colorectal cancer (CRC)-PREVENT study could be achieved by lowering the fecal immunochemical test positivity threshold, without additional mt-sRNA testing. The findings are similar to previous observations for multitarget stool DNA testing.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Hermann Brenner, M.D., M.P.H., email h.brenner@dkfz.de.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.9289)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Medicaid Disenrollment After the End of the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency

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Weight Indices, Cognition, and Mental Health From Childhood to Early Adolescence

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JUNE 3, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Lower cognitive performance and greater psychopathology at baseline were associated with increased weight gain as children entered adolescence, and higher baseline body mass index was associated with more depressive symptoms over time. These longitudinal findings highlight the importance of cognitive and mental health to children’s healthy weight development and suggest that clinicians should monitor children with overweight or obesity for increased depression problems.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Tamara Hershey, Ph.D., email tammy@wustl.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.1379)

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Clinical Outcomes After Admission of Patients With COVID-19 to Skilled Nursing Facilities

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JUNE 3, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.  

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About The Study: The results of this cohort study suggest that admission of COVID-19–positive patients into skilled nursing facilities early in the pandemic was associated with preventable COVID-19 cases and mortality among residents, particularly in facilities with potential staff and personal protective equipment shortages. The findings speak to the importance of equipping skilled nursing facilities to adhere to infection-control best practices as they continue to face COVID-19 strains and other respiratory diseases. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Michael L. Barnett, M.D., M.S., email mbarnett@hsph.harvard.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.1079)

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Assessing the Environmental and Downstream Human Health Impacts of Decentralizing Cancer Care

JAMA Oncology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 9:44 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JUNE 3, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting.

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About The Study: This cohort study found that using decentralization through telemedicine and local care may substantially reduce cancer care’s greenhouse gas emissions; this corresponds to small reductions in human mortality. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Gregory A. Abel, M.D., M.P.H., email gregory_abel@dfci.harvard.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.2744)

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Geographic Distribution of Clinical Trials for Advanced-Stage Cancer

JAMA Oncology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JUNE 3, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting.

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About The Study: This quality improvement analysis of clinical trials for metastatic breast, lung, colon, pancreatic, and prostate cancers found that a large proportion of the U.S. population lived within 30 miles of a clinical trial site. This finding suggests that while many clinical trials are available, they are not evenly distributed across the country and may not be accessible to all individuals, particularly racial and ethnic minority individuals. This disparity in access to clinical trials raises important questions about equity and fairness in the distribution of health care resources and opportunities for treatment. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Wade T. Swenson, M.D., M.P.H., M.B.A., email drswenson@lakewoodhealthsystem.com; wade@ruralcancer.org.

 

 (doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.1690)

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Ivonescimab Plus Chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer With EGFR Variant

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 3:45 P.M. ET, FRIDAY, MAY 31, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting.

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About The Study: Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival with tolerable safety profile in patients with non–small cell lung cancer who previously underwent EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment and may offer a new treatment option for patients with TKI resistance. 

 

Quote from corresponding author Li Zhang, M.D.:

“For patients with non-small cell lung cancer whose illness has progressed while receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy, especially the third generation TKIs, optimal treatment options remain limited.

“This randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study demonstrated ivonescimab plus chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival (7.1 vs 4.8 months) compared with chemotherapy alone in TKI-treated non-small cell lung cancer.

“Based on the results of this study, ivonescimab has been approved in China as a new treatment option for those patients. An international multi-center study of this treatment regimen is ongoing.”

Contact information for Li Zhang, M.D.: email zhangli@sysucc.org.cn.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.10613)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Stepped Palliative Care for Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 9 A.M. ET, SUNDAY, JUNE 2, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.10398?guestAccessKey=6d013912-6999-410b-8311-aa32d7baabba&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=060224

 

About The Study: A stepped-care model, with palliative care visits occurring only at key points in patients’ cancer trajectories and using a decrement in quality of life to trigger more intensive palliative care exposure, resulted in fewer palliative care visits without diminishing the benefits for patients’ quality of life. While stepped palliative care was associated with fewer days in hospice, it is a more scalable way to deliver early palliative care to enhance patient-reported outcomes. 

 

Quote from corresponding author Jennifer S. Temel, M.D.:

“This study demonstrates that early palliative care can be effectively tailored to a patient’s cancer and care needs to maximize their quality of life while utilizing fewer palliative care resources. Implementing this patient-centered approach to delivering early palliative care will allow more patients to access essential early palliative care services.

“These findings are especially salient as patients with advanced cancer are now living longer while being treated with life-long cancer therapies, so a tailored palliative care model enables greater dissemination of palliative care services while ensuring patients receive the care they need when they need it.

“This research continues to grow the evidence base that early palliative care is a necessary and integral component of cancer care for patients diagnosed with advanced cancer and provides data on how to increase the number of patients who can access this essential service.”  

Contact information for Jennifer S. Temel, M.D.: email jtemel@mgh.harvard.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.10398)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Tirzepatide for Weight Reduction in Chinese Adults With Obesity

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 12 P.M. ET, FRIDAY, MAY 31, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorials are linked to this news release.

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About The Study: In Chinese adults with obesity or overweight, once-weekly injection with tirzepatide 10 mg or 15 mg resulted in statistically significant and clinically meaningful weight reduction with an acceptable safety profile. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Xiaoying Li, M.D., email li.xiaoying@zshospital.sh.cn.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.9217)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Experience of Personal Loss Due to Drug Overdose Among US Adults

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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Women

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, MAY 31, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a 23% lower risk of all-cause mortality in this cohort study. This inverse association was partially explained by multiple cardiometabolic factors. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Shafqat Ahmad, Ph.D., email shafqat.ahmad@medsci.uu.se.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14322)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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USPSTF Recommendation Statement on Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10:30 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JUNE 4, 2024

Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 301-951-9203. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends exercise interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who are at increased risk for falls. The USPSTF recommends that clinicians individualize the decision to offer multifactorial interventions to prevent falls to community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who are at increased risk for falls. Existing evidence indicates that the overall net benefit of routinely offering multifactorial interventions to prevent falls is small. When determining whether this service is appropriate for an individual, patients and clinicians should consider the balance of benefits and harms based on the circumstances of prior falls, presence of comorbid medical conditions, and the patient’s values and preferences. Falls are the leading cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality among older adults in the U.S. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this recommendation replaces the 2018 recommendation.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8481)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.

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The Integration of Clinical Trials With the Practice of Medicine

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, JUNE 3, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This article discusses the need for better integration of clinical trials and health care delivery enterprises. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Derek C. Angus, M.D., M.P.H., email angusdc@pitt.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4088)

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