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Accelerated Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression
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Prepandemic Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use for Immune Benefits
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.59291?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=021125
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study has 3 findings in a prepandemic context. First, approximately 1 in 9 U.S. residents used a dietary supplement for perceived immune benefits (supplements to prevent colds or boost the immune system), and such usage varied by several sociodemographic and health characteristics. Second, label claims related to immune benefits consistently appeared on over half of dietary supplements taken for perceived immune benefits. Lastly, the prevalence of dietary supplement use for perceived immune benefits due to a doctor recommendation and dietary supplement use exclusively for perceived immune benefits were both generally low, but both increased among older adults and individuals in poorer health.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jaime J. Gahche, PhD, MPH, email jaime.gahche@nih.gov.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.59291)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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ADHD Symptoms and Later E-Cigarette and Tobacco Use in Youths
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58834?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=021125
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cohort study of U.S. youths, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were associated with the onset of nicotine and tobacco use. The findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis and effective treatment of ADHD to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of later nicotine and tobacco use.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Sean Esteban McCabe, PhD, email plius@umich.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58834)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Trends in Travel Time to Obtain Surgical Care for Rural Patients
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The percentage of rural patients traveling more than 60 minutes to obtain surgical care significantly increased between 2010 and 2020 for both low- and high-risk operations. Additionally, increases in median travel time for rural patients outpaced changes for nonrural patients. These findings suggest a persistent and growing disparity in travel for rural patients undergoing surgical procedures. Contributing factors likely include ongoing rural hospital closures, workforce shortages, and rural patients bypassing local facilities to obtain care elsewhere.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Cody Lendon Mullens, MD, MPH, email codymu@med.umich.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2025.0447)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Low to Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Facial Shape of Children at Ages 6 to 8
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6151?guestAccessKey=7f9caed1-110c-486a-80f0-0b54ea6760dd&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=021025
About The Study: Low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure was associated with characteristic changes in the faces of children, which persisted until at least 6 to 8 years of age. A linear association between alcohol exposure levels and facial shape was not supported.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Evelyne Muggli, MPH, email evi.muggli@mcri.edu.au.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6151)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Injury Rates Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder With or Without ADHD
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Lung Cancer Screening and USPSTF Recommendations
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Medicare Opioid Policy and Opioid Use in Beneficiaries With Disabilities
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Detection of Alzheimer Neuropathology in Alzheimer and Non-Alzheimer Clinical Syndromes With Blood-Based Biomarkers
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.5017?guestAccessKey=d32d045f-62bb-4e2a-9fe3-70cbb8efb8db&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=021025
Victim-Shooter Relationships in Mass Shootings Involving Child Victims
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The findings of this study indicate that from 2009 through 2020, a child was most likely to be killed in a mass shooting by a parent or family member, rather than a stranger or a peer. While school shootings dominate media coverage, this study suggests that domestic violence plays a larger role in child mass shootings.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Stephanie Chao, MD, email sdchao1@stanford.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6609)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Glucose-Lowering Medications and Risk of COPD Exacerbations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The results of this comparative effectiveness research study suggest that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) were associated with a reduced risk of moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations compared with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes and active COPD. This may inform prescribing of glucose-lowering medications among patients with type 2 diabetes and active COPD.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Elisabetta Patorno, MD, DrPH, email epatorno@bwh.harvard.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.7811)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Contemporary Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This study showed venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk variation across hormonal contraceptives with highest rates for combined pills, especially those containing third-generation progestins, and no significant difference in risk for intrauterine devices (IUDs) relative to no use. For patches and implants, the increased VTE risk was uncertain due to limited data. Variation in VTE risk across products underscores the importance of personalized contraceptive counseling.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Harman Gailan Hassan Yonis, MD, email harman@live.dk.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.28778)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Financial Incentives for COVID-19 Vaccination
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Pediatric Gastrointestinal Tract Outcomes During the Postacute Phase of COVID-19
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Industry Payments and Sentiments Toward Robotic Surgery Among US Physicians
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Cardiometabolic Trajectories Preceding Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Individuals
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of older individuals, decline in body mass index, waist circumference, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) occurred up to a decade before dementia diagnosis. These findings provide insights into cardiometabolic changes preceding dementia and the potential for early monitoring and intervention.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Zimu Wu, PhD, email zimu.wu1@monash.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58591)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Changes in US Primary Care Access and Capabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic
JAMA Health Forum
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: In this cohort study, over the time period including the COVID-19 pandemic, primary care practices reported a decline in access to care, while average practice capabilities improved. Integrated practice ownership and accountable care organization participation were both associated with better access and capability scores, suggesting that value-based payment and integrated care delivery support the development of higher-quality primary care. Variations across practices point to large opportunities for improvement overall and underscore the importance of incentives and structures as levers to improve primary care delivery.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Matthew Mackwood, MD, MPH, email matthew.b.mackwood@dartmouth.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.5237)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Reflections on the Successes of Pediatric Vaccines
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Alzheimer Disease Blood Biomarkers and Cognition Among Individuals With Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity
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Public Understanding of Risk and Benefit of Mifepristone
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Changes in Young Adult Handgun Carrying in the US
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COVID-19 Pandemic and Rates of Common Ophthalmic Procedures Among Medicare Beneficiaries
JAMA Ophthalmology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6065?guestAccessKey=27ce0054-bfa7-4691-832a-2ea75d82d2eb&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=020625
About The Study: The results of this study show that the COVID-19 pandemic caused a notable drop in the number of common ophthalmic procedures among Medicare beneficiaries, especially in laser peripheral iridotomy, while eye drug injections saw minimal changes. The Northeast experienced the largest reductions, highlighting the pandemic’s association with changes in eye care and indicating a need for focused recovery efforts in the hardest hit areas.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jessica D. Randolph, MD, email jessica.randolph@vcuhealth.org.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6065)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Cannabis Use Disorder Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations and 5-Year Mortality
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cohort study of all residents of Ontario, Canada, individuals with incident hospital-based cannabis use disorder care were at markedly increased risk of death compared with the general population. These findings suggest important clinical and policy implications, given global trends toward cannabis legalization and market commercialization accompanied by increasing cannabis use and cannabis use disorders.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Daniel T. Myran, MD, MPH, email dmyran@ohri.ca.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57852)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Cardiovascular Hospitalizations Among Older Adults in the US and Denmark
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Effective Treatment for Mental and Substance Use Disorders in 21 Countries
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Return on Investment of Enhanced Behavioral Health Services
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Socioeconomic and Geographic Differences in Mammography Trends Following the 2009 USPSTF Policy Update
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Salt Substitution and Recurrent Stroke and Death
JAMA Cardiology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2024.5417?guestAccessKey=a22c6853-8162-4751-b964-dbab05678210&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=020525
About The Study: The results of this cluster trial demonstrate that salt substitution was safe, along with reduced risks of stroke recurrence and death, which underscores large health gains from scaling up this low-cost intervention among patients with stroke.
Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Lijing L. Yan, MPH, PhD, (lijing.yan@duke.edu) and Maoyi Tian, PhD, (maoyi.tian@hrbmu.edu.cn)
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2024.5417)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Firearm Type and Number of People Killed in Publicly Targeted Fatal Mass Shooting Events
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58085?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=020525
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study found that most publicly targeted fatal mass shootings involved multiple types of firearms and handguns were the most common type of firearm present. Assault weapons being present during a publicly targeted mass shooting was associated with a slight increase in the number of injuries and deaths occurring during that incident.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Leslie M. Barnard, MPH, DrPH, email leslie.barnard@ucdenver.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58085)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Recent Drug Overdose Mortality Decline Compared With Pre–COVID-19 Trend
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58090?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=020525
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Drug overdose deaths have increased exponentially since 1979. This rate of increase accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic but has since waned. When comparing recent drug-related mortality rates with their pre-2020 trajectory, the vast majority of states remained higher than expected. In the 4 years between 2020 and 2023, nearly all states had higher drug-related mortality rates than their 2019 rates.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Keith Humphreys, PhD, email knh@stanford.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58090)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Large Language Models for Chatbot Health Advice Studies
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Rest-Activity Rhythms, Their Modulators, and Brain-Clinical Correlates in Opioid Use Disorder
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Changes in Incident Schizophrenia Diagnoses Associated With Cannabis Use Disorder After Cannabis Legalization
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57868?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=020425
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cohort study of individuals ages 14 to 65 in Ontario, Canada, the proportion of incident cases of schizophrenia associated with cannabis use disorder almost tripled during a period of substantial liberalization of cannabis policy. Ongoing research is indicated to understand the long-term associations of cannabis policy with the prevalence of psychotic disorders.
Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Daniel T. Myran M.D., M.P.H., email dmyran@ohri.ca.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57868)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Exercise Interventions for Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Cancer
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 randomized clinical trials, exercise interventions were found to be associated with significantly reduced levels of depression and anxiety and significantly improved health-related quality-of-life in older adults with cancer. These findings suggest that health care professionals and policymakers should focus more on implementing exercise interventions to improve mental health outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Corresponding author: To contact the corresponding author, Matthew Zhixuan Chen, MBBS, email zhixuan_matthew_chen@nuhs.edu.sg.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57859)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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UV Stabilizer BTMPS in the Illicit Fentanyl Supply in 9 US Locations
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Extreme Heat and Hospitalization Among Older Persons With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias
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Comparison of Clinical Evidence Submitted to the FDA and EMA for Cell and Gene Therapies
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Prophylactic Aspirin Dose and Preeclampsia
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Over-the-Counter Naloxone and Nonprescription Syringe Availability in Community Pharmacies
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Risk of Attempted and Completed Suicide in Persons Diagnosed With Headache
JAMA Neurology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The results of this cohort study revealing the robust and persistent association of headache diagnoses with attempted and completed suicide suggest that behavioral health evaluation and treatment may be important for these patients.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Holly Elser, MD, PhD, email holly.elser@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.4974)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Long COVID Prevalence and Associated Activity Limitation in US Children
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In 2023, post–COVID condition (PCC) continued to affect U.S. children at similar levels as 2022 and to have similar sociodemographic patterns. The large proportion of children experiencing PCC with any activity limitation highlights the need to examine the severity of activity limitation, functional outcomes, and days lost from school.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Nicole D. Ford, PhD, MPH, email yex9@cdc.gov.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6206)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Adolescent Smartphone Use During School Hours
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Using passive sensing on a sample of U.S. adolescents, this study found half of adolescents use their smartphones during school for at least 66 minutes daily, primarily using messaging and social media. These findings extend a prior study limited to Android devices that found adolescents spent a median of 43 minutes on their phones during school.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Lauren Hale, PhD, email Lauren.Hale@stonybrookmedicine.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6627)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Intersection of Race and Rurality With Health Care–Associated Infections and Subsequent Outcomes
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This cohort study of hospitalized adults identified inequities related to race and rurality in health care–associated infections (HAIs) and adverse outcomes from HAIs. These findings suggest that factors such as structural racism and disinvestment in rural communities may be associated with individual HAI risk and post-HAI outcomes. Future work to further understand the reasons underpinning these disparities and methods to address structural factors through policy and process changes are critical to eliminate health inequities.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jennie H. Kwon, DO, MSCI, email j.kwon@wustl.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.53993)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Obesity Development in Canadian Children
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JANUARY 31, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: High ultraprocessed food consumption during early childhood was associated with obesity development, primarily in males in this cohort study of Canadian children. These findings can inform targeted public health initiatives for early childhood centers and caregiver education programs to reduce ultraprocessed food intake and prevent obesity.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Kozeta Miliku, MD, PhD, email kozeta.miliku@utoronto.ca.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57341)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Use of Machine Learning to Assess the Management of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection
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The Digital Health Competencies in Medical Education Framework
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Assessing the Gun Violence Archive and Public Police Data as Comprehensive Sources for Gun Violence
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Measures to Prevent and Control COVID-19 in Skilled Nursing Facilities
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Age and Sex Differences in Efficacy of Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This systematic review and network meta-analysis of 601 eligible trials found that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1 receptor agonists were associated with lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Analysis of age × treatment interactions suggested that SGLT2 inhibitors were more cardioprotective in older than in younger people despite smaller reductions in hemoglobin A1c; GLP-1 receptor agonists were more cardioprotective in younger people.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Peter Hanlon, PhD, email peter.hanlon@glasgow.ac.uk.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.27402)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Mortality Trends Among Adults Ages 25-44 in the US
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JANUARY 31, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This cross-sectional study found that compared with trends from the early 2000s, early adult (ages 25-44) mortality in the U.S. has risen substantially in 2 stages: 2011 to 2019 and 2020 to 2023. Although mortality rates decreased after the core pandemic years, excess mortality remained higher than expected based on pre-pandemic levels. The largest portion of 2023 excess mortality was driven by drug poisoning, but many other external and natural causes exceeded what prior trends would have projected.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Elizabeth Wrigley-Field, PhD, email ewf@umn.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57538)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Discontinuation and Reinitiation of Dual-Labeled GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among US Adults With Overweight or Obesity
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JANUARY 31, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cohort study, most patients with overweight or obesity discontinued glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy within 1 year, but those without type 2 diabetes had higher discontinuation rates and lower reinitiation rates. Inequities in access and adherence to effective treatments have the potential to exacerbate disparities in obesity.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD, email zemanuel@upenn.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57349)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Adjuvant Atezolizumab for Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
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Urinary DNA Methylation Test for Bladder Cancer Diagnosis
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Automatic Quality Control System and Adenoma Detection Rates During Routine Colonoscopy
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Transportation Insecurity, Social Support, and Adherence to Cancer Screening
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Salt and Nutritional Content of Foods Advertised During Televised Professional Football Games
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JANUARY 30, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This cross-sectional study found that the foods advertised during National Football League games, the most watched sporting events in the U.S., were frequently high in sodium, calorie, and fat content. Although the effectiveness of sports advertising and paid sponsorships on food consumption has been studied mostly among children and young adults, adults with prevalent conditions, such as heart failure, coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes and kidney failure, may also be vulnerable to deviations from suggested or prescribed dietary restrictions based on the frequency of exposure to advertising.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Paul J. Hauptman, MD, email phauptman@med.unr.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57307)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Community Racial and Ethnic Representation Among Physicians in US Internal Medicine Residency Programs
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JANUARY 30, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cross-sectional study, underrepresented in medicine internal medicine residents remained underrepresented compared with their program’s county populations. These findings should inform racial and ethnic diversity policies to address the continuing underrepresentation among graduate medical education physicians, which adversely impacts the care of historically underserved communities.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jung G. Kim, PhD, MPH, email jung.kim3@nyulangone.org.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57310)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Risk Factors for and Health Status of Socially Isolated Adults
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JANUARY 30, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The overall prevalence of social isolation in this study was 3%, which is lower than other determinants of health, such as smoking, poverty, and inadequate health insurance. The results indicate 3 broad and likely interrelated populations at risk for social isolation, including racial and ethnic minority groups, those with financial insecurity (i.e., unemployed, uninsured, lower income), and those with chronic health conditions, with depression being a large factor.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Hao Yu, PhD, email hao_yu@hphci.harvard.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57330)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Antidepressant Use Before, During, and After Pregnancy
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JANUARY 30, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57324?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=013025
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This cohort study documented a large decrease in antidepressant use without an accompanying increase in psychotherapy during pregnancy. These findings, coupled with evidence of mental health challenges during and after pregnancy, suggest the need for increased focus on and discussion about mental health treatments by pregnant women and their clinicians.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Claire Boone, PhD, email claire.boone@mcgill.ca.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57324)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Changes in Specialty Crisis Services Offered Before and After the Launch of the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline
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Sensitivity to Environmental Stress and Adversity and Lung Cancer
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Screening for Patient Firearm Access Among Mental Health Care Clinicians
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Costs of Family Building for Physicians and Medical Students
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Mental Health Disparities by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the All of Us Research Program
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 29, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56264?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012925
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cross-sectional study of participants in the All of Us Research Program, there were significant mental health disparities between participants in sexual and gender minority (SGM) and cisgender heterosexual (non-SGM) groups. These findings underscore the need for tailored mental health interventions to improve the well-being of SGM populations, while noting that the associations do not imply causality but reflect the stigma and minority stress experienced by these individuals.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Marvin E. Langston, PhD, email marvlang@stanford.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56264)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Longitudinal Analysis of Obesity Drug Use and Public Awareness
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 29, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This repeated cross-sectional study including 69.2 million obesity management drug dispensed prescriptions revealed an increase from 0.76 million in July 2017 to 1.5 million in February 2024, with an upward trend in monthly phentermine and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist prescriptions. There was a robust positive correlation between public online search activity for semaglutide and tirzepatide and their prescription trends. The joint surge in prescriptions and online searches and their close correlation highlight the real-time associations between public awareness and prescription trends.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Omar Dzaye, MD, MPH, PhD, email odzaye@jhmi.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57232)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Pediatric Counseling on Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Weight
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 29, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This secondary analysis of the BP-CATCH trial found that among children with high blood pressure measurements, racial and ethnic disparities in receiving nutrition, lifestyle, and all 3 counseling topics were significant, although no significant disparities in receipt of weight counseling were noted. Racial disparities in receipt of counseling were not observed in participants with and without obesity.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Moonseong Heo, PhD, email mheo@clemson.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56238)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Health System, Community-Based, or Usual Dementia Care for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers
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Palliative Care Program for Community-Dwelling Individuals With Dementia and Caregivers
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Phenotypic Classification of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Using Latent Class Analysis
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Temperature Exposure and Psychiatric Symptoms in Adolescents From 2 European Birth Cohorts
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56898?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012825
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cohort study, exposure to cold in the Netherlands and heat in Spain were associated with more psychiatric symptoms, highlighting distinct temperature exposure and mental health associations among adolescents. Future studies should explore this across diverse climates to further quantify the intricate and multifactorial association of climate change with mental health.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Monica Guxens, MD, email monica.guxens@isglobal.org.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56898)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Severe Maternal Morbidity Associated With Chronic Hypertension, Preeclampsia, and Gestational Hypertension
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In pregnant patients with uncomplicated chronic hypertension, prevention of preeclampsia may potentially reduce severe maternal morbidity risk comparable to normotensive patients.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Erica P. Gunderson, PhD, MPH, email erica.gunderson@kp.org.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.51406)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Brain Function Outcomes of Recent and Lifetime Cannabis Use
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Lifetime history of heavy cannabis use was associated with lower brain activation during a working memory task in this study of young adults. These findings identify negative outcomes associated with heavy lifetime cannabis use and working memory in healthy young adults that may be long lasting.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Joshua L. Gowin, PhD, email joshua.gowin@cuanschutz.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57069)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Apixaban to Prevent Covert Infarcts After Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Cardiopathy
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Identifying the Strongest Correlates of Condom Use Among US Adolescents
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Trends in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates
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Using Smartphone GPS Data to Detect the Risk of Adolescent Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors
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Predicting Individual Pain Sensitivity Using a Novel Cortical Biomarker Signature
JAMA Neurology
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 27, 2025
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This study provides evidence for a sensorimotor cortical biomarker signature for pain sensitivity. The combination of accuracy, reproducibility, and reliability suggests the peak alpha frequency/corticomotor excitability biomarker signature has substantial potential for clinical translation, including predicting the transition from acute to chronic pain.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, David A. Seminowicz, PhD, email dseminow@uwo.ca.
(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.4857)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Disparities in Infant Mortality in the US
JAMA Pediatrics
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 27, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This study found that infant mortality from sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) has increased significantly. Previous data through 2020 showed that SUID increased among Black infants. The current analysis, which included 2021 and 2022 data, showed a more generalized increase. Possible explanations include COVID-19 or other respiratory illnesses, maternal opioid use, and social media’s influence on infant sleeping practices.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Elizabeth R. Wolf, MD, MPH, email elizabeth.wolf@vcuhealth.org.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.6200)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Firearm-Related Injury Hospital Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, JANUARY 27, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This cohort study evaluating hospitalizations for firearm-related injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic has 2 principal findings. From 2020 to 2021, there was a 34% increase in firearm-related hospitalizations, consistent with an additional 13,268 admissions. Second, the increase in firearm-related hospitalization disproportionately affected children, patients enrolled in Medicaid, and Black individuals. Taken together, these findings raise new concerns about the sustained increase in firearm-related injury that disproportionately affected younger and minoritized Americans.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Raymond A. Jean, MD, MHS, email rayjean@med.umich.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56234)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Severity and Long-Term Mortality of COVID-19, Influenza, and RSV
JAMA Internal Medicine
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, JANUARY 27, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: This cohort study showed that, during the 2022 to 2023 season, infection with SARS-CoV-2 was associated with more severe disease outcomes than influenza or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), whereas differences were less pronounced during the 2023 to 2024 season. During both seasons, RSV remained a milder illness, whereas COVID-19 was associated with higher long-term mortality. Vaccination attenuated differences in disease severity and long-term mortality.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Kristina L. Bajema, MD, email kristina.bajema@va.gov.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.7452)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Racial Disparities in End-of-Life Home Health Use in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare
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Outpatient Low-Dose Initiation of Buprenorphine for People Using Fentanyl
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Incidence Rate Trends of Breast Cancer Overall and by Molecular Subtype by Race and Ethnicity and Age
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Regional Variability of Extreme Heat and Cold Risk Among Dual-Eligible Individuals
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Setting Public Health Priorities in the US
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10:30 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JANUARY 24, 2025
Media advisory: The full article is linked to this news release.
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About The Article: This Viewpoint by Harvey V. Fineberg, MD, PhD, former president of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, discusses the challenges facing U.S. leadership in improving the state of the country’s public health and outlines 5 classes of candidates for public health intervention and 4 criteria to guide public health priority setting.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Harvey V. Fineberg, MD, PhD, email harvey.fineberg@moore.org.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2025.0485)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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COVID-19 Pandemic and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Long-Term Nursing Home Stay or Death Following Hospital Discharge
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JANUARY 24, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Older adults hospitalized with sepsis experienced an approximately 50% reduction in long-term nursing home stay or death over a 5-year period before the pandemic in this cross-sectional study. These results suggest that during the pandemic, all individuals, regardless of race and ethnicity, experienced increased long-term nursing home stay or death compared with before the pandemic.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Laurent G. Glance, MD, email laurent_glance@urmc.rochester.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56816)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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City-Level Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes and Changes in Adult BMI
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JANUARY 24, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56170?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012425
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) excise taxes were associated with reduced mean body mass index (BMI) among adults in demographic subgroups, including in young adults who consumed the most SSBs, and in Berkeley, in this cohort study. Future research should examine the mechanisms of these associations to inform how SSB taxes could be more equitable for weight-related outcomes.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Emily F. Liu, MPH, email emily.f.liu@kp.org.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56170)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Duration in Immigration Detention and Health Harms
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, JANUARY 24, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56164?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012425
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cross-sectional study, detained immigrants experienced a high prevalence of poor health, mental illness, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with detention periods of 6 months or more associated with higher rates compared with those detained less than 6 months. Duration of custody is one mechanism by which immigration detention might be a catalyst for worsening health.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Altaf Saadi, MD, MSc, email asaadi@mgh.harvard.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56164)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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GLP-1RA Use and Thyroid Cancer Risk
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AI–Based Video Assessment of Neonatal State
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Exposure to Secondhand Cannabis Smoke Among Children
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cross-sectional study, in-home cannabis smoking was associated with significantly increased odds of child exposure to cannabis smoke, as assessed by urinary cannabinoid biomarkers. As young children spend most of their time at home, reducing in-home cannabis smoking could substantially reduce their exposure to the toxic and carcinogenic chemicals found in cannabis smoke.
Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Osika Tripathi, PhD (otripath@health.ucsd.edu) and John Bellettiere, PhD (jbellettiere@health.ucsd.edu).
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.55963)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Food Insecurity in Pregnancy, Receipt of Food Assistance, and Perinatal Complications
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this cohort study, food insecurity in pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of perinatal complications, and these associations were overall attenuated to the null among individuals who received food assistance in pregnancy. These findings support clinical guidelines of screening for food insecurity in pregnancy and provide evidence to expand food assistance programs that may help improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Rana F. Chehab, PhD (Rana.Chehab@kp.org) and Yeyi Zhu, PhD (Yeyi.Zhu@kp.org).
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.55955)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Baseline Fasting Glucose Level, Age, Sex, and BMI and the Development of Diabetes in US Adults
JAMA Network Open
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The results of this retrospective cohort study of 44,000 individuals suggest that fasting plasma glucose level, age, body mass index (BMI), and male sex were all associated with development of diabetes, with significant interaction between these variables. These data contribute to understanding the clinical course of diabetes and highlight the substantial individual variation in diabetes risk according to commonly measured clinical variables. The findings facilitate lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions to treat those at highest risk of diabetes to reduce future morbidity and mortality. Further work is needed to validate this risk categorization tool for different populations.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Aoife M. Egan, MB, PhD, email egan.aoife@mayo.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56067)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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The 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines—Time for Real Progress
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11:30 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 22, 2025
Media advisory: The full article is linked to this news release.
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About The Article: This Viewpoint discusses the 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans report and highlights some of the topics reviewed, including ultraprocessed foods and reduced-fat vs whole-fat dairy.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH, email dariush.mozaffarian@tufts.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2025.0410)
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Trends in Preventive Aspirin Use by Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 22, 2025
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Following landmark clinical trials and changes in guideline recommendations, self-reported primary prevention aspirin use decreased among older adults and adults with low atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk for whom aspirin was not recommended, but also decreased among adults with higher ASCVD risk for whom aspirin may still be recommended. Despite these reductions, many patients with limited likelihood to benefit reported continuing to take aspirin.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Timothy S. Anderson, MD, MAS, email tsander@pitt.edu.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.27333)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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A Unified Approach to Health Data Exchange
JAMA
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, SATURDAY, JANUARY 18, 2025
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About The Article: This article outlines the ways in which the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has worked to use electronic health record data to improve patient health, public health, and health care.
Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Robert M. Califf, MD, email commissioner@fda.hhs.gov.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2025.0068)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Mindfulness Training vs Recovery Support for Opioid Use, Craving, and Anxiety During Buprenorphine Treatment
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Travel Time as an Indicator of Poor Access to Care in Surgical Emergencies
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