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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MAY 4, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.1310?guestAccessKey=07062f50-e1e2-4449-8b40-99d6fbff6629&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=050423
About The Study: Results of this diagnostic study including 4,095 retinal fundus images collected from 245 neonates suggest that it can be very challenging to remove information relevant to self-reported race from fundus photographs. As a result, AI algorithms trained on fundus photographs have the potential for biased performance in practice, even if based on biomarkers rather than raw images. Regardless of the methodology used for training AI, evaluating performance in relevant subpopulations is critical.
Authors: J. Peter Campbell, M.D., M.P.H., of the Oregon Health & Science University in Portland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.1310)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, MAY 4, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11673?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=050423
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this observational study of 1,340 women with high-risk breast cancer, strongest collective adherence to cancer prevention lifestyle recommendations was associated with significant reductions in disease recurrence and mortality. Education and implementation strategies to help patients adhere to cancer prevention recommendations throughout the cancer care continuum may be warranted in breast cancer.
Authors: Rikki A. Cannioto, Ph.D., Ed.D., of the Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11673)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MAY 3, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0777?guestAccessKey=5c50825e-9542-4cef-ac8a-1a85a9de46b4&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=050323
About The Study: In this study that included 240,000 individuals, the most common causes of hospitalization in people with depression were endocrine, musculoskeletal, and vascular diseases, not psychiatric disorders. These findings suggest that depression should be considered as a target for the prevention of physical and mental disease.
Authors: Philipp Frank, Ph.D., of University College London, is the corresponding author.
(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0777)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, MAY 3, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10650?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=050323
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis of secondary data from 40 studies suggest that the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against laboratory-confirmed Omicron or Delta infection and symptomatic disease rapidly wanes over time after the primary vaccination cycle and booster dose. These results can inform the design of appropriate targets and timing for future vaccination programs.
Authors: Piero Poletti, Ph.D., of the Bruno Kessler Foundation in Trento, Italy, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10650)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2:30 P.M. (ET), SATURDAY, APRIL 29, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. The study is being released to coincide with presentation at the 2023 American Urological Association Annual Meeting.
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About The Study: This case series demonstrated that prostate cancer occurs in transgender women and is not as rare as published case reports might suggest. However, rates were lower than expected based on prior prostate cancer incidence estimates in cisgender male veterans.
Authors: Farnoosh Nik-Ahd, M.D., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6028)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MAY 2, 2023
Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 301-951-9203. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time and all USPSTF articles remain free indefinitely https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.4899?guestAccessKey=95faf0e7-5c1c-4a28-a2de-b275b6fef5bc&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=050223
Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in populations at increased risk. Populations at increased risk for LTBI based on increased prevalence of active disease and increased risk of exposure include persons who were born in, or are former residents of, countries with high tuberculosis prevalence and persons who live in, or have lived in, high-risk congregate settings (e.g., homeless shelters or correctional facilities). The precise prevalence rate of LTBI in the U.S. is difficult to determine; however, estimated prevalence is about 5.0%, or up to 13 million persons. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this recommendation replaces and is consistent with its 2016 recommendation on LTBI screening.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4899)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, MAY 1, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The results of this study of 1,300 participants suggest that increased physical activity was associated with functional recovery 6 months after stroke. Interventions targeting individuals with decreasing physical activity in the subacute phase of stroke may play a role in improved functional outcomes.
Authors: Dongni Buvarp, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Gothenburg in Gothenburg, Sweden, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10919)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MAY 2, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Over the last 10 years, the proportion of pediatric emergency department visits for mental health reasons have approximately doubled, including a 5-fold increase in suicide-related visits. These findings underscore an urgent need to improve crisis and emergency mental health service capacity for young people, especially for children experiencing suicidal symptoms.
Authors: Greg Rhee, Ph.D., of the University of Connecticut School of Medicine in Farmington, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4809)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, MAY 1, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0846?guestAccessKey=21ba4d0f-a157-4184-bfaa-211d6db8af1b&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=050123
About The Study: This systematic review and meta-analysis of 53 longitudinal studies including more than 40,000 children and adolescents across 12 countries found an increase in depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among female individuals and those from relatively higher-income backgrounds. Anxiety symptoms increased slightly during the pandemic. These findings can inform policy and public health responses to address mental health concerns.
Authors: Sheri Madigan, Ph.D., of the University of Calgary in Calgary, Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0846)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), SUNDAY, APRIL 30, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Pediatric Academic Societies 2023 meeting.
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About The Study: The intervention examined in this randomized clinical trial resulted in improvements in the receipt of preventive care services versus usual care for children insured by Medicaid by incorporating community health workers in a team-based approach to early childhood well-child care.
Authors: Tumaini R. Coker, M.D., M.B.A., of Seattle Children’s Research Institute in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7197)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MAY 2, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11098?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=050223
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study found that most of the national decrease in racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality between the initial and Omicron waves was explained by increased mortality among non-Hispanic white adults and changes in the geographic spread of the pandemic. These findings suggest that despite media reports of a decline in disparities, there is a continued need to prioritize racial health equity in the pandemic response.
Authors: Andrew C. Stokes, Ph.D., of the Boston University School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11098)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0511?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=042823
About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10999?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=042823
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The results of this study of children with parent-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that most were not receiving ADHD medications and had never received outpatient mental health care. Gaps in treatment, which were not directly associated with socioeconomic disadvantage, underscore the challenges of improving communication and access to outpatient mental health care for children with ADHD.
Authors: Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., of Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10999)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that during the COVID-19 pandemic, children and young adults born preterm were more likely to have used health care related to COVID-19 concerns compared with their term-born peers, independent of a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia or asthma. Further exploration of factors associated with COVID-19–related health care use may facilitate refinement of care models.
Authors: Elisabeth C. McGowan, M.D., of Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10696)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and related articles are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.1838?guestAccessKey=cc017939-cb8d-4cf0-bf64-11492a83ade0&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042823
About The Study: In this study of 195 randomly drawn patient questions from a social media forum, a team of licensed health care professionals compared physician’s and chatbot’s responses. The chatbot responses were preferred over physician responses and rated significantly higher for both quality and empathy. Further exploration of this technology is warranted in clinical settings, such as using chatbot to draft responses that physicians could then edit. Randomized trials could assess further if using AI assistants might improve responses, lower clinician burnout, and improve patient outcomes.
Authors: John W. Ayers, Ph.D., M.A., of the University of California San Diego, La Jolla, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.1838)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0768?guestAccessKey=d9441c63-e315-4125-9722-f19c97741303&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042723
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, APRIL 27, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.1144?guestAccessKey=4b0f74f1-b680-4e68-87a8-f0d463840b9d&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042723
About The Study: In this study that included 125 text-based multiple-choice questions provided by the OphthoQuestions free trial for ophthalmic board certification examination preparation, ChatGPT answered approximately half of the questions correctly. Medical professionals and trainees should appreciate the advances of AI in medicine while acknowledging that ChatGPT as used in this investigation did not answer sufficient multiple-choice questions correctly for it to provide substantial assistance in preparing for board certification at this time.
Authors: Rajeev H. Muni, M.D., M.Sc., of St. Michael’s Hospital/Unity Health Toronto in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.1144)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, APRIL 27, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0160?guestAccessKey=3757267f-e10c-4a3e-8db5-5118cb8d7944&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042723
About The Study: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests a higher incidence of Bell palsy (BP) among SARS-CoV-2–vaccinated versus placebo groups. The occurrence of BP did not differ significantly between recipients of the Pfizer/BioNTech versus Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 infection posed a significantly greater risk for BP than SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Authors: Amir Kheradmand, M.D., of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, and Mehran Rahimlou, Ph.D., of the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in Zanjan, Iran, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0160)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, APRIL 27, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that ChatGPT provides postoperative instructions that are helpful for patients with a fifth-grade reading level or different health literacy levels. However, ChatGPT generated instructions scored lower in understandability, actionability, and procedure-specific content than Google Search– and institution-specific instructions.
Authors: Noel Ayoub, M.D., M.B.A., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0704)
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Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0807?guestAccessKey=d7241180-f541-418a-8ea0-b06aef2ea0d2&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042623
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2023.0720?guestAccessKey=a8c7c2bd-bf0b-49ee-82d4-091b89cf87de&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042623
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, APRIL 26, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this randomized clinical trial including 2,200 adolescents indicate that the NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax, Inc.) COVID-19 vaccine is safe, immunogenic, and efficacious in preventing COVID-19, including the predominant Delta variant, in adolescents.
Authors: German Anez, M.D., of Novavax, Inc., in Gaithersburg, Maryland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9135)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, APRIL 26, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study found that living in a more economically deprived and socially marginalized area was associated with increased risk of using violence against others. The finding suggests that interventions may need to include investments in neighborhoods with the highest levels of violence to help reduce downstream transmission of violence.
Authors: Elizabeth C. Pino, Ph.D., of the Boston University School of Medicine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8404)
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Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0083?guestAccessKey=f76248f1-08ac-4a6d-9ec4-05ee84ffc1d0&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042423
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Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2023.2296?guestAccessKey=b7ac1490-fafb-4eaf-b260-70504ef15062&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042523
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, APRIL 25, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: During January 2016 through October 2022, the monthly buprenorphine initiation rate in the U.S. increased, then flattened. This flattening occurred prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that factors other than the pandemic were involved.
Authors: Kao-Ping Chua, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.1207)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 5 P.M. (ET), MONDAY, APRIL 24, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. The study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Academy of Neurology 2023 Annual Meeting.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.0742?guestAccessKey=1fa6dc01-3084-43df-9166-96f01feb2fb6&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=042423
About The Study: Using a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling adults, this study found that the prevalence of self-reported stroke remained stable in the U.S. between 1999 and 2018 overall and by racial and ethnic group and age group and increased among men. Estimates in this study underestimate the total burden of stroke in the U.S. as National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys do not include individuals residing in rehabilitation, long-term care, or other institutional settings.
Authors: Andrea L. C. Schneider, M.D., Ph.D., of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, is the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.0742)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, APRIL 24, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study that included 167,000 non-hospitalized patients, neutralizing monoclonal antibody (nMAb) treatment for COVID-19 was safe and associated with reductions in emergency department visits, hospitalization, and death, although it was not associated with reduced risk of hospitalization during the Omicron BA.1 epoch. These findings suggest that targeted risk stratification strategies may help optimize future nMAb treatment decisions.
Authors: Brian Anderson, M.D., of the MITRE Corporation in Bedford, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9694)
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Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9834?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=042523
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, APRIL 25, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9964?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=042523
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 436 cognitively normal older adults, unawareness, rather than heightened awareness, of memory decline was strongly associated with future clinical progression, providing further support that discordant self- and informant-reported cognitive decline may provide important information to practitioners.
Authors: Patrizia Vannini, Ph.D., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9964)
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Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0527?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=042123
About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of 5,000 patients with breast cancer, a shorter breast cancer–specific survival in women from disadvantaged neighborhoods compared with advantaged neighborhoods was identified, even after controlling for individual-level sociodemographic, comorbidity, breast cancer risk factor, access to care, tumor, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline-concordant treatment characteristics. The findings suggest potential unaccounted mechanisms, including unmeasured social determinants of health and access to care measures.
Authors: Neha Goel, M.D., of the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8908)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: The results of this study suggest that the COVID-19 crisis exacerbated pre-existing inequities in food insecurity and difficulty paying rent according to race and ethnicity and maternal nativity and that equity-focused policy changes are needed to ensure that all children and their families in the U.S. can afford basic needs for optimal health.
Authors: Stephanie Ettinger de Cuba, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the Boston University School of Public Health, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0508)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This 25-year longitudinal cohort study (n = 1,829) found that youths involved with the juvenile justice system had up to 23 times the rate of firearm mortality as the general population; rates varied by sex, race and ethnicity, and age. Sixteen years after detention, more than one-quarter of Black and Hispanic males had been injured or killed by firearms.
Authors: Linda A. Teplin, Ph.D., of the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8902)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, APRIL 20, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of 55,000 adult and pediatric patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Canada suggest that COVID-19 vaccination is important to reduce the burden on the Canadian health care system as well as severe outcomes associated with COVID-19.
Authors: Robyn Mitchell, M.H.Sc., of the Public Health Agency of Canada in Ottawa, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9050)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, APRIL 20, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: In this study of 171 participants who received primary surgery and postoperative radiation for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, lower levels of written health literacy were significantly associated with postoperative radiation delays when controlling for demographic and clinical factors. The addition of health literacy and the community-level area deprivation index improved the model’s prediction of postoperative radiation delay risk.
Authors: Tuleen Sawaf, B.S., of the University of Kansas Medical Center in Kansas City, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0308)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, APRIL 19, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About The Study: Depression in prior generations was associated with lower cognitive performance in offspring, whether assessed by family history or genetic data. There are opportunities to generate hypotheses about how this arises through genetic and environmental determinants, moderators of brain development and brain aging, and potentially modifiable social and lifestyle factors across the life span.
Authors: Breda Cullen, Ph.D., of the University of Glasgow in Glasgow, United Kingdom, is the corresponding author.
(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0716)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, APRIL 19, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: This study of 415,000 breast cancer deaths in female patients in the U.S. from 2011 to 2020 provides evidence-based race-adapted starting ages for breast cancer screening. The findings suggest that health policy makers and clinicians could consider an alternative, race and ethnicity–adapted approach in which Black female patients start screening earlier.
Authors: Mahdi Fallah, M.D., Ph.D., of the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, Germany, and Tianhui Chen, M.D., Ph.D., of the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in Hangzhou, China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8893)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, APRIL 17, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this national multicenter cohort study of inpatients with COVID-19, early administration of dexamethasone was associated with significantly reduced odds of mortality or discharge to hospice in those requiring supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation but not in those requiring no supplemental oxygen or noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. These results support the continued use of systemic dexamethasone in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Authors: Laine E. Thomas, Ph.D., of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8516)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 2023
Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 301-951-9203. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.
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Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of visual skin examination by a clinician to screen for skin cancer in adolescents and adults. Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the U.S. There are different types of skin cancer varying in disease incidence and severity. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas are the most common types of skin cancer but infrequently lead to death or substantial morbidity. Melanomas represent about 1% of skin cancer and cause the most skin cancer deaths. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this statement is consistent with its 2016 recommendation.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4342)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 14, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In a study of matched pairs of counties that reopened with in-person versus virtual instruction at the secondary school level in the 2020 to 2021 academic year, counties with in-person school instructional models early in the COVID-19 pandemic experienced increases in county-level COVID-19 incidence at six and eight weeks after in-person reopening, compared with counties with virtual instructional models.
Authors: Meredith Matone, Dr.P.H., of Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8300)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10:15 A.M. (ET), SATURDAY, APRIL 15, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. The study is being released to coincide with presentation at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases.
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About The Study: Among adults with laboratory-confirmed Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) with one or more prior CDI episodes in the last six months and those with primary CDI at high risk for recurrence, high-dose VE303 (a novel oral microbiome-directed therapy composed of nonpathogenic, nontoxigenic, commensal strains of Clostridia) prevented recurrent CDI compared with placebo. A larger, phase 3 study is needed to confirm these findings.
Authors: Jeffrey L. Silber, M.D., of Vedanta Biosciences Inc., in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4314)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 14, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: The findings of this study of survival outcomes for 1,618 U.S. counties suggest that greater representation of Black primary care physicians (PCPs) in the PCP workforce is associated with improved survival-related outcomes for Black individuals, although there was a dearth of U.S. counties with at least one Black PCP during each study time point. Investments to build a more representative PCP workforce nationally may be important for improving population health.
Authors: John E. Snyder, M.D., M.S., M.P.H., and Rachel D. Upton, Ph.D., of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in Rockville, Maryland, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.6687)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this study of more than 600,000 individuals, SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with a higher risk of diabetes and may have contributed to a 3% to 5% excess burden of diabetes at a population level.
Authors: Naveed Z. Janjua M.B.B.S, Dr.P.H., of the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control in Vancouver, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8866)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 2023
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
About The Study: In this survey study of 19,000 patients attending 49 abortion clinics in 29 states, considering self-managed abortion was common before accessing in-clinic care, particularly among those on the margins of access or with a preference for at-home care. These findings suggest a need for expanded access to telemedicine and other decentralized abortion care models.
Authors: Abigail R. A. Aiken, Ph.D., of the University of Texas at Austin, is the corresponding author.
(doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8701)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, APRIL 14, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About The Study: In this study of 81,755 Medical College Admission Test examinees, American Indian or Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic students reported lower parental educational levels, greater educational and financial barriers, and greater discouragement from pre-health advisers than white students. These barriers may deter groups underrepresented in medicine from applying to and matriculating at medical school.
Authors: Jessica Faiz, M.D., M.S.H.P.M., of the Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System and UCLA in Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0498)
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Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0351?guestAccessKey=65c9d206-c7a1-4894-9411-8a774f9d8174&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=041323
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, APRIL 13, 2023
Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.
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About The Study: The findings of this study including more than 3 million patients receiving the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine suggest that retinal vascular occlusion (RVO) diagnosed acutely after vaccination occurs extremely rarely at rates similar to those of two different historically used vaccinations, the influenza and tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap) vaccines. No evidence suggesting an association between the mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and newly diagnosed RVO was found.
Authors: Rishi P. Singh, M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.0610)
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