Historical Look at US Army Suicides

Posted December 10, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 13, 2019

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Nearly 200 years of military records from 1819 to 2017 were used to examine suicide rates among active-duty personnel in the U.S. Army in this observational study.

Authors: Jeffrey Allen Smith, Ph.D.,of the University of Hawaii in Hilo, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17448)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Changes in Opioid-Related Drug Overdose Deaths in US

Posted December 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 17, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., email Gregory Flynn at Gregory.Flynn@nyspi.columbia.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: Researchers analyzed changes in the proportion of drug overdose deaths involving opioids that were certified as suicide, unintentional or of undetermined intent in this observational study. Using 2000-2017 mortality data, researchers report 47,506 total opioid deaths (excluding homicides) in 2017: 90.6% were unintentional deaths, 4% were suicides and 5.4% were of undetermined intent. Between 2000 and 2017, the percentage of opioid-related deaths that were suicides declined from 9% to 4%; unintentional opioid-related deaths increased from 73.8% to 90.6%; and deaths of undetermined intent decreased from 17.2% to 5.4%. There were significant increases in opioid-related suicide rates for males and females, all racial/ethnic groups, and all age groups except those between the ages of 35 and 44. Between 2000 and 2017, the rate of opioid-related deaths increased from 2.2 to 13.2 per 100,000 people for unintentional deaths and from 0.27 to 0.58 per 100,000 for suicides with no significant change in the rate for deaths of undetermined intent. Limitations of the study include fewer drug overdose deaths that didn’t have information on the specific drug because of increased toxicological screening and that may have contributed to the increase in opioid-related deaths over time, as well as uncertainty about determinations made by coroners or medical examiners about the manner of death.

Authors: Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.16566)

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New Estimates of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Associated Costs

Posted December 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2019

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What The Study Did: Neonatal abstinence syndrome is withdrawal that happens in infants who were exposed to opioids in utero during pregnancy. This study gives new national estimates of neonatal abstinence syndrome and associated health care costs.

Authors: Andrea E. Strahan, Ph.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4791)

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Posted December 9, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted December 9, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted December 9, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Examining Opioid Prescribing After New Florida Law

Posted December 9, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 2019

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What The Study Did: Researchers compared opioid prescribing at discharge from the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, across 25 procedures before and after a Florida law that mandated changes to opioid prescribing went into effect in 2018.

Authors: Steven B. Porter, M.D., of the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.4913)

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Opioid Prescribing Patterns, Overdose Risk in Teens, Young Adults

Posted December 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2019

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What The Study Did: Researchers used a private insurance claims database in the U.S. to examine opioid prescribing patterns and how they were associated with overdose risk among 2.7 million adolescents and young adults without cancer.

Authors: Kao-Ping Chua, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4878)

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Posted December 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

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Posted December 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Review of Studies on Cigarette Smoking, Multiple Sclerosis

Posted December 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Neurology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2019

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What The Study Did: Researchers conducted a literature review of studies to summarize outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis who smoke cigarettes and who are exposed to smoke.

Authors: Tanuja Chitnis, M.D., and Mattia Rosso, M.D., of Harvard Medical School in Boston, are the authors.

(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.4271)

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Examining Association Between Breastfeeding, Postpartum MS Relapses

Posted December 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Neurology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 9, 2019

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What The Study Did: Therapies to reduce relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS) aren’t recommended in pregnancy or breastfeeding so women often decide to skip breastfeeding to resume their MS treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 24 studies and combined some of their results in an updated examination of the association between breastfeeding and postpartum relapses in women with MS.

Authors: Kristen M. Krysko, M.D., M.A.S., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.4173)

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Posted December 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Long-Term Ozone Exposure in Smokers

Posted December 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, DECEMBER 9, 2019

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What The Study Did: Data for nearly 1,900 current and former smokers with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were analyzed to investigate the association between long-term ozone exposure and the respiratory health of adults with a history of heavy smoking.

Authors: Laura M. Paulin, M.D., M.H.S., of the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, New Hampshire, and Nadia N. Hansel, M.D., M.P.H., of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, are the corresponding authors.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5498)

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Posted December 3, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted December 3, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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USPSTF Updates Recommendations for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening

Posted December 5, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, DECEMBER 10, 2019

Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 202-572-2044. The full report, related articles and a podcast are linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has updated its recommendations on screening for an abdominal aortic aneurysm and the recommendations vary depending on factors such as patient age, sex and if they ever smoked. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is an enlarged area of the main blood vessel that supplies blood to the body and it can be life-threatening if it bursts. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this statement updates its 2014 recommendations.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18928)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.

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Posted December 3, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted December 2, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted December 2, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted December 2, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted December 2, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Cell Phone Injuries

Posted December 3, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5, 2019

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What The Study Did: Cell phones are mainstays of daily life. This observational study analyzed 20 years of data on people who went to emergency departments with head and neck injuries from cell phone use to estimate the number of injuries, learn what types of injuries there were, and understand how the injuries occurred, such as from distracted driving or walking.

Authors: Boris Paskhover, M.D., of Rutgers New Jersey Medical School in Newark, New Jersey, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3678)

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Posted December 2, 2019 by Jim Michalski

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Posted December 2, 2019 by Jim Michalski

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How Race is Associated With Differences Among Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Posted December 2, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 2019

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What The Study Did: Researchers in this observational study looked at how race was associated with difference in symptoms, access to care, genetic testing and clinical outcomes among 2,467 patients (8.3% black and 91.7% white) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a condition where the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick, which can make it harder to pump blood.

Authors: Neal K. Lakdawala, M.D., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4638)

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Cancer Treatment for Patients With HIV

Posted December 3, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Oncology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5, 2019

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What The Study Did: For patients with HIV, CD4 counts reflect the health of their immune system and HIV RNA levels indicate their viral load. This observational study focused on how cancer treatments were associated with those two important clinical measures and risk of death in nearly 200 patients with HIV and cancer.

Authors: Keri L. Calkins, Ph.D., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.4648)

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Posted November 26, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 26, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 26, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 26, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 26, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 26, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Podcast: Efficacy and Safety of Lanabecestat for Treatment of Early and Mild Alzheimer Disease

Posted November 22, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Physician Depressive Symptoms Associated With Medical Errors

Posted November 25, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Karina Pereira-Lima, Ph.D., email Kara Gavin at kegavin@med.umich.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16097?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112719

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Physician depressive symptoms were associated with increased risk of perceived medical errors, and medical errors were associated with subsequent depressive symptoms in physicians in this analysis that combined data from multiple studies. Data were pulled from 11 studies and all but one study used self-reported measures of medical errors. Medical errors harm patients and previous research suggests depression is common among physicians. More studies are needed to determine whether interventions for reducing depressive symptoms in physicians could help to reduce medical errors and improve patient safety.

Authors: Karina Pereira-Lima, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16097)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Heartburn Medication and Intestinal Viral Infection Risk

Posted November 25, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16205?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112719

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a widely prescribed class of drugs for reducing stomach acid levels and this observational study examined the association between continuous use of PPIs and risk of at least one intestinal viral infection during winter months when circulation of enteric viruses is highest. The study compared 233,596 patients receiving continuous PPI therapy with 626,887 patients not receiving PPI therapy by using a drug dispensing database from a panel of community pharmacies in France.

Authors: Ana-Maria Vilcu, M.Sc., Sorbonne Universite, Paris, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16205)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

How Patients Feel About Providers’ Cultural Competence

Posted November 25, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16105?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112719

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Nonwhite, low-income and uninsured patients were less likely to report being treated with respect and more likely to feel the cultural competence of health care professionals was important in this survey study that used data from five new cultural competency questions that were part of a national survey.

Authors: Lynn Blewett, Ph.D., M.A., of the University of Minnesota School of Public Health in Minneapolis, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16105)

Editor’s Note: The articles includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Understanding Association of Marijuana Use, Risk of Developing Cancer

Posted November 25, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Deborah Korenstein, M.D., email Nicole McNamara at mcnamarn@mskcc.org. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16318?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112719

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: The association between marijuana use and the risk of developing different kinds of cancer remained largely unclear in this analysis of 25 studies. The available studies were limited by small numbers of participants with high levels of marijuana use, poor quantification of marijuana use, and the presence of other factors such as cigarette smoking, which could influence results. Long-term studies are needed to improve understanding of marijuana’s association with the risk of developing cancer.

Authors: Deborah Korenstein, M.D., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16318)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 25, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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The Eyes of Rembrandt, Leonardo da Vinci

Posted November 25, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Ophthalmology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.4603?guestAccessKey=64793dcb-77ac-4f8e-a6f6-523ebcc26568&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112719

What The Study Did: In self-portraits, Rembrandt and Leonardo da Vinci drew their own eyes with one eye turned outward, a condition known as exotropia. Researchers in this report used photographs, diagrams and a trigonometric equation to explore the notion that rather than exotropia, which apparently was never documented in these artists, Rembrandt and da Vinci probably had one strongly dominant eye, which could affect how they perceived their eyes appeared when looking in a mirror to paint or sketch a self-portrait.

Authors: David L. Guyton, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins University Hospital in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.4603)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Is Slight Hearing Loss in Children Associated With Behavioral Problems, School Performance?

Posted November 25, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3585?guestAccessKey=24afca04-23a4-4be1-aced-68486f66d1b0&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112719

What The Study Did: Researchers in this observational study investigated whether slight to mild hearing loss was associated with behavioral problems and performance on a standardized test among 4,700 children between the ages of 9 to 11 in the Netherlands.

Authors: Carlijn M.P. le Clercq, M.D., of Erasmus University Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3585)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Examining Work Schedules of Hospitalists, Patient Outcomes

Posted November 21, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 2019

Media Advisory: The full study and podcast are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5193?guestAccessKey=1a74171c-5635-4dee-b362-59fe361bdca2&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112519

What The Study Did: This observational study investigated whether the continuity of hospitalists’ work schedules, such as working more days consecutively compared to intermittently, was associated with outcomes for patients admitted to Texas hospitals.

Authors: James S. Goodwin, M.D., of the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5193)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Are Toddlers Meeting Screen-Time Guidelines?

Posted November 21, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Sheri Madigan, Ph.D., email Heath McCoy at hjmccoy@ucalgary.ca. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4495?guestAccessKey=91719d27-0dab-4894-b126-f08499d06ca4&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112519

Bottom Line: Most 2- and 3-year-old children don’t meet screen time guidelines and moms’ screen usage was one of the associated factors reported in this observational study. Guidelines put forth by the World Health Organization and pediatric societies have recommended that preschool-age children get no more than one hour of screen time daily. This study used data collected from 2011 to 2014 to determine how common it is for children 2 and 3 years old to meet or exceed screen time guidelines and to describe individual and family factors associated with failing to meet those guidelines. There were 1,595 and 1,994 children at ages 2 and 3 years old, respectively, available for the analysis. Researchers report 79.4% of children at 2 years old and 94.7% at 3 years old didn’t meet screen time guidelines. Factors associated with failing to meeting screen time guidelines at 2 years old were maternal screen time, being cared for at home compared with daycare, and the year data were collected. At 3 years old, only maternal screen time was a significant factor. Limitations of the study include maternal self-reported screen time and a lack of information on how screen time was used, such as viewing alone or with others. Initiatives aimed at reducing screen time by children need to consider family screen time habits.

Authors: Sheri Madigan, Ph.D., of the University of Calgary, Canada, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4495)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Object-Related Choking Deaths Decrease Among Kids

Posted November 21, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author John D. Cramer, M.D., email Phil Van Hulle at cz5680@wayne.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2019.15375?guestAccessKey=ac112679-46b3-4e5b-b4c8-64c0a63dd2c0&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112619

Bottom Line: Deaths from choking on objects among children and teens decreased from 1968 to 2017 in this analysis that spans 50 years when efforts to prevent these deaths included a federal law, other regulations, choking hazard warning labels and public awareness campaigns. Researchers report 20,629 object-related choking deaths in children and teens (to age 17) from 1968 to 2017 based on data from the National Vital Statistics System. Deaths declined from 1.02 per 100,000 children (719 deaths) in 1968 to 0.25 per 100,000 children (184 deaths) in 2017. Although a number of laws, regulations and guidelines were adopted during that time, researchers cannot determine their effect on the decline in deaths or if other factors were involved. Additional prevention strategies should be considered to reduce the exposure of children to objects already restricted with warning labels.

Authors: John D. Cramer, M.D., Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.15375)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Analysis of US Life Expectancy

Posted November 21, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Steven H. Woolf, M.D., M.P.H., email Mary Kate Brogan at broganm2@vcu.edu. The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2019.16932?guestAccessKey=c1202c42-e6b9-4c99-a936-0976a270551f&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112619

Bottom Line: Examining life expectancy in the United States over nearly 60 years and identifying factors that contributed to recent increases in mortality were the focus of this expansive report. Researchers used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Mortality Database to analyze changes in life expectancy and mortality rates, and they reviewed epidemiologic literature to add context to the vital statistics and explore explanations for the trends. Life expectancy increased almost 10 years, from 69.9 years in 1959 to 78.9 years in 2016, but the pace slowed over time and life expectancy decreased in the U.S. for three consecutive years after 2014. Contributing to that decrease, the researchers report, was an increase in deaths among working-age adults, those ages 25 to 64, from causes such as drug overdoses, suicides, and a long list of organ system diseases. The report includes an analysis at the state level, showing that the trend was more concentrated in certain regions, notably the Industrial Midwest and northern New England. The authors discuss potential explanations for rising mortality, among them drugs, obesity, the health care system, mounting stress and the economy. Limitations of the report include mortality data that can be subject to errors such as an inaccurate determination of cause of death, race misclassification and undercounting.

Authors: Steven H. Woolf, M.D., M.P.H., and Heidi Schoomaker, M.A.Ed., of the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.16932)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Screen Time Patterns of Kids

Posted November 21, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4488?guestAccessKey=7efc2069-d6e3-41b9-94ae-920053ee288f&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112519

What The Study Did: Screen time data for nearly 3,900 children were used to examine patterns of screen time use and the association with sociodemographic characteristics such as parental education levels and sex of the child.

Author: Edwina H. Yeung, Ph.D., of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4488)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.4320?guestAccessKey=4fbd5732-8adb-45dc-aebb-f325d17f01fd&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112119

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Association Between Parents’ Education Level and Youth Outcomes

Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16018?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112219

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Ethnic and racial differences between educational attainment by parents and outcomes among young people related to behavior, academics and health were explored in this observational study. The study included 10,619 adolescents ages 12 to 17 who participated in a nationally representative survey.

Authors: Shervin Assari, M.D., M.P.H., of Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science in Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16018)

Editor’s Note: The articles includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Estimating How Self-Reported Hearing Trouble Varied Among Older Adults

Posted November 19, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3584?guestAccessKey=d5db6a7b-b88a-4f96-8f3c-30bf414699d9&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112119

What The Study Did: Researchers used nationally representative survey data from adults 60 or older to estimate how self-reported hearing trouble varied across sociodemographic characteristics and by actual hearing loss.

Authors: Adele M. Goman, Ph.D., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3584)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Is Parents’ Use of Marijuana Associated With Greater Likelihood of Kids’ Substance Use

Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Bertha K. Madras, Ph.D., email Laura Neves at lneves1@partners.org. The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16015?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=112019

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Recent and past use of marijuana by parents was associated with increased risk of marijuana, tobacco and alcohol use by adolescent or young adult children living in the same household in this survey study. Researchers examined data for 24,900 parent-child pairs from National Surveys on Drug Use and Health from 2015-2018. Parental marijuana use was a risk factor for marijuana and tobacco use by adolescent and young adult children and for alcohol use by adolescent children when researchers accounted for a variety of potential family and environmental factors. When those factors were considered, parental marijuana use wasn’t associated with opioid misuse by their children. The study has limitations, including that the surveys cannot provide a complete picture of family substance use.

Authors: Bertha K. Madras, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School, Boston, and McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16015)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 18, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article: This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3523?guestAccessKey=223a3f2c-f244-4b16-b25c-b58d5416ce81&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=112019

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 18, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 18, 2019 by Jim Michalski

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Gunshot Survivors Report Long-Term Physical, Mental Consequences

Posted November 18, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Michael A. Vella, M.D., email Katie Delach at Katie.Delach@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. The full study, commentary and podcast are linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: Survivors of gunshot wounds reported negative outcomes years after being shot in this observational study. The study included about 180 gunshot wound survivors who were patients at an urban trauma center and who were surveyed by telephone up to 10 years following injury. Researchers report that, compared to before being shot, gunshot wound survivors had increased unemployment and alcohol and substance use, and nearly half screened positive for probable posttraumatic stress disorder. Gunshot wound survivors also scored lower on measures of physical health function and mental health compared with the general population. Limitations of the study include that most gunshot wound survivors couldn’t be contacted by telephone despite multiple attempts. Researchers also didn’t account for educational level and socioeconomic status, two potential factors that could influence the results. These findings suggest a role for long-term physical and mental health follow-up in this unique patient population.

Authors: Michael A. Vella, M.D., Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.4533)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Barbra Streisand Featured in JAMA Podcast on Heart Disease in Women

Posted November 15, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The podcast and related articles linked below are being published to coincide with a session on cardiovascular disease in women at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019. To contact Dr. Bairey Merz email Sally Stewart at sally.stewart@cshs.org and to contact Barbra Streisand email Rupa Balasubramanian at rupa@fundamental-inc.com.

What The Podcast Is About: Oscar-winner, recording artist and filmmaker Barbra Streisand, who helped create a namesake Women’s Heart Center at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles, and Noel Bairey Merz, M.D., the center’s director, discuss cardiovascular disease in women, which often presents differently and may not be diagnosed.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the article that links to the podcast This link will be live at the embargo time https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/10.1001/jama.2019.18701

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Is Early Menopause Associated With Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease?

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with a session on cardiovascular disease in women at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Whether natural premature menopause and premature menopause that results from surgery to remove a woman’s ovaries before age 40 are associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases was the focus of this observational study.

Authors: Pradeep Natarajan, M.D., M.M.Sc., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.19191)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Use, Costs for Medicare, Medicaid of Newer Heart Failure Medications

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Medicare and Medicaid data were analyzed in this claims-based study to look at national patterns of use and costs for two newer medications approved to treat heart failure by the Food and Drug Administration in 2015.

Authors: Ambarish Pandey, M.D., M.S.C.S., of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4982)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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State Abortion Conscience Laws

Posted November 14, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study examined state laws that grant individuals and institutions rights to refuse participation in abortion based on their beliefs, that grant immunity from liability for such refusals, and that limit conscience rights when patient safety is at risk.

Authors: Nadia N. Sawicki, J.D., M.Be., of the Loyola University Chicago School of Law in Chicago, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.15105)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Treatment of Migraine Pain in Randomized Clinical Trial

Posted November 14, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Adults experiencing a migraine of moderate or severe severity took the drug ubrogepant or placebo and reported if after two hours they were free of pain and of their most bothersome migraine-associated symptom in this randomized clinical trial.

Authors: Richard B. Lipton, M.D., of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in Bronx, New York, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.16711)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Trial Compares Maternal Blood Loss With Immediate vs. Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping

Posted November 14, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. A visual abstract is below.

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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial compared maternal blood loss with immediate umbilical cord clamping (within 15 seconds after birth) versus delayed clamping (60 seconds after birth) in 113 women who had a scheduled cesarean delivery at term of 37 weeks or more.

Authors: Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, M.D., M.Sc., of the Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.

Visual Abstract

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.15995)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Effects of HIV Self-Tests on Testing, Diagnosis

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and an editor’s note are linked to this news release. Also linked is a Special Communication article summarizing current guidelines and expert recommendations as part of a call for wider adoption of PrEP (preexposure prophylaxis) prescribing by frontline primary care physicians.

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What The Study Did: A 12-month randomized clinical trial used internet recruitment of men who have sex with men to evaluate the effects of providing self-tests for HIV to increase HIV testing and diagnosis among the men and people in their social networks.

Authors: Robin J. MacGowan, M.P.H., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5222)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Disparities in Care, Mortality Among Hospitalized Homeless Adults With Cardiovascular Conditions

Posted November 15, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:30 P.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Disparities in hospital care as measured by procedure rates and in-hospital death rates between homeless and nonhomeless adults hospitalized for cardiovascular conditions in New York, Massachusetts and Florida were examined in this observational analysis.

Authors: Rishi K. Wadhera, M.D., M.P.P., M.Phil., of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.6010)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks and State Legislative Proposals

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study explored how health is associated with legislative activity by examining whether outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles, mumps, whooping cough and chickenpox, were associated with the introduction of legislation in states to change vaccine exemption laws.

Author: Neal D. Goldstein, Ph.D., M.B.I., of the Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4365)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

Media advisory: This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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Did Medications Improve Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure Who Had Heart Pump?

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Researchers investigated if improved survival and quality of life were associated with neurohormonal blockade therapy (the drug classes angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid antagonists) among 12,000 patients with heart failure who received a heart pump.

Authors: Nihar R. Desai, M.D., M.P.H., of the Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4965)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 12, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 12, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Comparing CPR Quality After Face-to-Face or Virtual Training

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Comparing the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delivered on manikins after face-to-face training with an instructor or virtual reality training using a smartphone app was the objective of the randomized clinical trial that included nearly 400 adults who attended a music festival in the Netherlands.

Authors: Joris Nas, M.D., of Radboud University Medical Center in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4992)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

Media advisory: This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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Experiences, Concerns of Patients With Heart Failure

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Researchers sought to understand the experiences and perceptions of patients living with heart failure, as well as their familiarity and concerns regarding treatments for the condition, in this survey study of more than 400 patients.

Authors: Emily C. O’Brien, Ph.D., of the Duke Clinical Research Institute in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4987)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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How Did Outcomes Compare for Patients With Heart Failure After Telerehabilitation Program

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial investigated whether patients with heart failure in Poland would spend more time alive and out of the hospital if they participated in a mostly home-based, remote-monitored telerehabilitation program (one week in the hospital and nine weeks at home) compared to patients who received usual care.

Authors: Ewa Pietrowicz, M.D., Ph.D., of the Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw, Poland, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.5006)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Is Association Between Hearing Loss, Impaired Cognition Present Earlier

Posted November 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2019

Media advisory: The full study, commentary and podcast are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Researchers in this observational study looked at whether the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment is present at earlier levels of hearing loss than previously believed.

Authors: Justin S. Golub, M.D., M.S., of New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3375)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Analysis of Melanoma in US by Age Groups

Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Dermatology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and podcast are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study used registry data to determine annual rates of melanoma in pediatric, adolescent, young adult and adult age groups, and the findings suggest an apparent decrease among adolescent and young adults between 2006 and 2015 but increases in older adults.

Authors: Jennifer M. Gardner M.D., of the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.3353)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Changing Weight-Loss Strategies, Attempts

Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Lu Qi, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.H.A., email Carolyn Scofield at cscofiel@tulane.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: The proportion of adults who tried to lose weight in the previous year increased from 1999 to 2016 but the findings of this observational study suggest the results may have been unsatisfactory. The analysis included data collected from about 48,000 adults ages 40 to 64 as part of a continuing national survey. The most commonly reported weight-loss strategies were eating less food, exercising and drinking more water, although increases were seen among those who attempted to lose weight in current measured body-mass index (BMI) and weight, as well as in the difference between current measured weight and adjusted self-reported prior year weight. The study has limitations to consider, including that self-perceived weight status and weight loss attempts and strategies were based on self-reported data.

Authors: Lu Qi, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.H.A., of Tulane University, New Orleans, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.15219)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Opioid Overdose Deaths Among Younger Medicare Patients With Disability

Posted November 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Yong-Fang Kuo, Ph.D., email Christopher Smith Gonzalez at chrissmi@utmb.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: This observational study estimated the rate of opioid overdose deaths among Medicare enrollees younger than 65 who qualified for Medicare because of a disability. The study included more than 1.7 million of these enrollees in 2016 and 1,371 opioid overdose deaths. Researchers report those enrollees represented 14.9% of the Medicare population but they accounted for almost 81% of all opioid overdose deaths among all Medicare enrollees. The rate of opioid overdose deaths in this population increased from 57.4 per 100,000 in 2012 to 77.6 per 100,000 in 2016, and was greater among people with psychiatric diseases (such as depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder), substance use disorder (tobacco, alcohol or drug use) and chronic pain. Adults who had all three of these conditions had higher rate of opioid overdose death than those with none of the conditions. Limitations of the study include variations in the quality and accuracy of death certificate data associated with overdose.

Authors: Yong-Fang Kuo, Ph.D., of the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.15638)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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How Likely Do You Think You Are to Develop Dementia?

Posted November 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Neurology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 2019

Media Advisory: To contact corresponding author Donovan T. Maust, M.D., M.S., email Kara Gavin at kegavin@med.umich.edu. The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Gerontological Society of America 2019 Annual Scientific Meeting.

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Bottom Line: A poll suggests almost half of adults ages 50 to 64 believe they’re likely to develop dementia. The survey included 1,019 respondents who were asked what risk they perceived and what potential risk-reducing measures they took. Of the participants, 48.5% said they were at least somewhat likely to develop dementia during their lifetime. Many participants reported strategies to try to maintain or improve memory that aren’t evidence based. Only a few participants (5.2%) had discussed potential ways to reduce dementia risk with their physician.

Authors: Donovan T. Maust, M.D., M.S., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3946)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Clinical Trial in Australia Tests Effectiveness of Naloxone by Nose vs. Injection for Opioid Overdose

Posted November 11, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: A randomized clinical trial in Australia tested whether a dose of naloxone administered through the nose was as effective as the same dose delivered by injection to reverse opioid overdose as measured by the need for a rescue dose delivered by injection 10 minutes after the initial treatment. The study included 197 clients at a medically supervised injecting center in Sydney where eligible patients (18 or older with a history of injecting drug use) are allowed to inject drugs under the supervision of clinically trained staff who watch for signs of overdose.

Authors: Paul Dietze, Ph.D., of the Burnet Institute in Melbourne, Australia, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14977)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Use Changes After Recreational Marijuana Legalization

Posted November 11, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Magdalena Cerdá, Dr.P.H., email Sasha Walek at Sasha.Walek@nyulangone.org. The full study, editorial and podcast are linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: How the legalization of recreational marijuana in some states was associated with changes in marijuana use and cannabis use disorder compared to other states from 2008 to 2016 was the focus of this study. Researchers used national survey data from nearly 506,000 participants in age groups from 12 to 17, 18 to 25, and 26 or older. The authors report that after the legalization of recreational marijuana, the proportion of respondents 12 to 17 reporting past-year cannabis use disorder increased from 2.18% to 2.72%. Also, the proportion of respondents 26 or older reporting frequent marijuana use increased from 2.13% to 2.62% and those reporting cannabis use disorder increased from 0.90% to 1.23%. No associations were found among those respondents 18 to 25. A limitation of the study is its reliance on self-reported marijuana use. The increases in use and risk of cannabis use disorder observed in this study are potential public health concerns.

Authors: Magdalena Cerdá, Dr.P.H., of the New York University School of Medicine, New York, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3254)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Examining Muscle Relaxant Dose, Risk of Encephalopathy in Patients With CKD

Posted November 6, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10 A.M. (ET), SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at Kidney Week 2019.

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What The Study Did: Whether a higher or lower dose of the muscle relaxant baclofen was associated with 30-day risk of hospitalization with encephalopathy (defined as a main diagnosis of delirium, disorientation, transient alteration of awareness, transient ischemic attack or an unclear diagnosis of dementia) among newly prescribed patients with chronic kidney disease was the focus of this observational study with nearly 16,000 older adults.

Authors: Flory T. Muanda, M.D., Ph.D., of the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences in London, Ontario, Canada, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17725)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Predicting Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease

Posted November 6, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at Kidney Week 2019.

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What The Study Did: Data from about 5 million people (with and without diabetes) in 28 countries were used to develop equations to help identify people at increased five-year risk of chronic kidney disease, defined as reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Authors: Josef Coresh, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17379)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Did Vitamin D, Omega-3 Supplements Help Prevent Development, Progression of CKD in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes?

Posted November 6, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at Kidney Week 2019.

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What The Study Did: Researchers in this randomized clinical trial investigated if supplementation with vitamin D or omega-3 fatty acids compared with placebo over five years helped prevent the development or progression of chronic kidney disease among adults with type 2 diabetes. The main outcome measure was change in the glomerular filtration rate that was estimated from serum creatinine and cystatin C.

Authors: Ian H. de Boer, M.D., M.S., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17380)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 4, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 4, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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