What The Viewpoint Says: This Viewpoint discusses the challenges that arise for patients with cancer who are undergoing immune-engaging therapeutic treatment during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Authors: Muhammad Bilal Abid, M.D., M.R.C.P., of the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2367)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of a workplace wellness program that included health screenings, wellness activities and financial incentives on employee health, health beliefs and medical use after 12 and 24 months among 4,800 employees at a large U.S. university.
Authors: David Molitor, Ph.D., of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1321)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial investigated the association between pro-male gender bias and negative stereotypes against women during surgical residency on surgical skills and proactive career development of residents in general surgery training programs. Factors contributing to the underrepresentation of women in surgery aren’t completely understood.
Authors: Sara P. Myers, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1127)
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What The Study Did: This observational study looked at the disparities that exist between women and men waiting to receive a liver transplant, such as being more likely to die while on the wait list, and how much these differences are associated with factors including geographic location, medical urgency and liver size.
Authors: Jayme E. Locke, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1129)
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What The Study Did: Researchers looked at whether patients with nonfatal intentional opioid overdoses would be more likely to die by suicide than patients with unintentional overdoses with an analysis of deaths following nonfatal opioid overdoses of intentional, unintentional and undetermined intent in California from 2009 to 2011.
Authors: Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., of Columbia University in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1045)
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What The Study Did: This study combined the results of seven studies and compared the risk of melanoma among 34,000 patients treated with biologics and 135,000 patients treated with conventional systemic therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis or inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: Shamarke Esse, M.Res., of the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.1300)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study compares COVID-19 cases in border counties in Iowa, which didn’t issue a stay-at-home order, with cases in border counties in Illinois, which did.
Authors: George L. Wehby, Ph.D., of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11102)
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What The Study Did: Following an outbreak of electronic cigarette or vaping product use–associated lung injury (EVALI) linked to hospitalizations and deaths, this study used data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to compare demographic and clinical characteristics, along with substance use behaviors, between adolescents and adults with EVALI.
Authors: Susan H. Adkins, M.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0756)
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What The Study Did: Whether using legal performance-enhancing substances was associated with subsequent use of anabolic-androgenic steroids was the focus of this study that included nearly 13,000 individuals surveyed at ages 18 to 26 about the use of these substances and then surveyed again seven years later.
Authors: Jason M. Nagata, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0883)
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What The Study Did: National health care survey data were used to assess the amount of money spent on primary care relative to other areas of health care spending in the U.S. from 2002 to 2016.
Authors: Andrew W. Bazemore, M.D., M.P.H., of the American Board of Family Medicine in Washington, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1360)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Publicly available data were used to analyze the number of deaths from seasonal influenza deaths compared with deaths from COVID-19.
Authors: Jeremy Samuel Faust, M.D., M.S., of Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2306)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Recommendations for resuming intense exercise training for athletes and highly active people with COVID-19 are discussed.
Authors: Eugene H. Chung, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.2136)
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What The Study Did: Researchers compared the risk of suicide by firearm based on sociodemographic characteristics of U.S. adults.
Authors: Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., of Columbia University in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1334)
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What The Review Says: The characteristics, treatment and outcomes of heart transplant recipients who were infected with COVID-19 in New York City are described in this case series.
Authors: Nir Uriel, M.D., M.Sc., of Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medicine in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.2159)
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What The Study Did: This study used survey responses from 7,000 adults to examine what limitations on self-care, mobility and household activities occurred among adults 65 and older with dementia and impaired vision.
Authors: Joshua R. Ehrlich, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.1562)
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What The Viewpoint Says: The effectiveness of school closure as a preventive measure during the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed.
Authors: Susanna Esposito, M.D., of the University of Parma in Italy, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1892)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Hardships faced by low-income children during the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed, and educational and policy reforms for the future are suggested in this article.
Authors: Danielle G. Dooley, M.D., M.Phil., of the Children’s National Hospital in Washington, D.C., is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2065)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers looked at whether a patient’s body weight and weight loss before bariatric surgery were associated with risk of death within 30 days after surgery using data from nearly 500,000 patients in the U.S. and Canada.
Authors: Wei Bao, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Iowa College of Public Health in Iowa City, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4803)
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What The Study Did: In this study, a risk score based on characteristics of patients with COVID-19 at the time of hospital admission was developed that may help predict a patient’s risk of developing critical illness.
Authors: Jianxing He, M.D., Ph.D., and Nan-Shan Zhong, M.D., of the The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2033)
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What The Study Did: This report assesses the risk associated with COVID-19 for pediatric patients with cancer.
Authors: Andrew L. Kung, M.D., Ph.D., of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2028)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The association between 26 common medical conditions including diabetes and high blood pressure and levels of use of alcohol was investigated with data from electronic health records of 2.7 million primary care patients.
Authors: Stacy A. Sterling, Dr.P.H., M.S.W., of Kaiser Permanente Northern California in Oakland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4687)
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What The Study Did: This study combined the results of 57 studies with 7,000 participants to examine how effective are interventions and programs to enhance the social, emotional and spiritual aspects of wisdom.
Authors: Dilip V. Jeste, M.D., of the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0821)
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What The Study Did: Professional medical societies recommend certain genetic tests for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study looked at how common it was for nearly 1,300 individuals diagnosed with ASD to undergo these tests and the factors associated with receiving genetic testing.
Authors: Eric M. Morrow, M.D., Ph.D., of Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0950)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers looked at the association between prenatal alcohol and tobacco smoking exposure and brain activity in 1,700 newborns measured during sleep.
Authors: William P. Fifer, Ph.D., of Columbia University Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4714)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Ways in which mental health care might change as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic are described.
Authors: John Torous, M.D., of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School is Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1640)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Questions about how the COVID-19 pandemic will alter telepsychiatry practice are examined in this article.
Authors: Jay H. Shore, M.D., M.P.H., of the Colorado School of Public Health and Anschutz Medical Campus of the University of Colorado in Aurora, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1643)
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What The Study Did: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in North American pediatric intensive care units is described in this observational study, including how it presented, whether there were comorbidities, the severity of disease, therapeutic interventions, clinical trajectory and early outcomes.
Authors: Lara S. Shekerdemian, M.D., M.H.A., of Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1948)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Nearly 14,000 current and former National Football League (NFL) players were included in an observational study that examined whether a greater amount of repeated head impacts throughout a professional football career were associated with increased risk of death.
Authors: Brittany L. Kmush, Ph.D., of Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4442)
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What The Viewpoint Says: The considerations and challenges affecting the palliative care specialty and delivery of palliative care in the COVID-19 era, as well as potential solutions, are discussed in this Viewpoint.
Authors: Ambereen K. Mehta, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of California, Los Angeles, in Santa Monica, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1938)
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What The Article Says: This essay discusses similarities between a doctor’s experiences with diagnoses of cancer and COVID-19.
Author: Urvi A. Shah, M.D., of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, is the author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1848)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: In this randomized clinical trial, researchers assessed the effect on measures of quality of life among women who watched Disney movies during chemotherapy for gynecologic cancer.
Authors: Johannes Ott, M.D., of the Medical University of Vienna in Austria, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4568)
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What Viewpoint Says: This Viewpoint discusses the exclusion of children from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical trials and why that could harm treatment options for children.
Authors: Florence T. Bourgeois, M.D., M.P.H., of Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School is Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1888)
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What The Viewpoint Says: The authors explain why COVID-19 presents a greater burden for immigrant communities and this article advocates for a more equitable health care system.
Authors: Jonathan Ross, M.D., M.S., of the Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2131)
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What Viewpoint Says: Methods for providing adolescents and young adults with reproductive health care during the COVID-19 pandemic are described.
Authors: Tracey A. Wilkinson, M.D., M.P.H., of the Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1884)
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What The Study Did: Claims data for nearly 200,000 Medicare patients were used to examine the association between starting pulmonary rehabilitation within 90 days of being hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and survival after one year. Pulmonary rehabilitation involves exercise training and self-management education.
Authors: Peter K. Lindenauer, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4437)
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What The Study Did: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data were used to examine changes in rates of deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease from 1999 to 2017 in urban and rural areas of the U.S. overall and by age, sex and race/ethnicity.
Authors: Haider J. Warraich, M.D., of the VA Boston Healthcare System in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.2047)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The clinical characteristics of men with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) whose semen tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are examined in this observational study.
Authors: Weiguo Zhao, M.D., of the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital in Beijing, and Shixi Zhang, M.D., of the Shangqiu Municipal Hospital in Shangqiu City, Henan Province, China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8292)
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What The Study Did: Nearly 60 articles were reviewed to assess the rate of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use for HIV prevention among at-risk teens in the United States and to provide recommendations for how to improve access to and use of PrEP.
Authors: Allison L. Agwu, M.D., Sc.M., of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0824)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The intensive care unit and inpatient bed needs for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in two cities in China are described and compared to estimate the peak number of intensive care unit beds needed in U.S. cities if an outbreak equivalent to that in Wuhan occurs.
Authors: Ruoran Li, M.Phil., of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8297)
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What The Study Did: Death certificate data were used to compare the rate of opioid-related deaths in the U.S. among cancer survivors with that of the general population from 2006 through 2016. Whether opioid-associated deaths in cancer survivors, who are often prescribed opioids for cancer-related pain, are rising at the same rate as in the general population is unknown.
Authors: Fumiko Chino, M.D., of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0799)
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What The Study Did: This observational study assessed the association between the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with the likelihood of testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Authors: Ankur Kalra, M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic in Akron, Ohio, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1855)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Changes in ophthalmology practices after the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed in this article.
Authors: David W. Parke II, M.D., of the American Academy of Ophthalmology in San Francisco, is the author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.2004)
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What The Study Did: A large private health insurance database was used to examine the association between between health insurance nondiscrimination policies and mental health outcomes for gender minority individuals.
Authors: Alex McDowell, R.N., M.S.N., M.P.H., of Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0770)
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What The Study Did: This observational study examines the association of hydroxychloroquine or hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin with QT prolongation in adult patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Authors: Howard S. Gold, M.D., of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1834)
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What The Study Did: This study delineates the transmission dynamics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and evaluates the transmission risk at different exposure window periods before and after symptom onset.
Authors: Hsien-Ho Lin, M.D., Sc.D., of the National Taiwan University in Taipei, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2020)
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What The Study Did: The association between self-reported attendance at religious services among health care workes and risk of death from despair (related to drugs, alcohol and suicide) was examined in this observational study.
Authors: Tyler J. VanderWeele, Ph.D., of the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0175)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial looked at the effect of a face-aging mobile app on daily sunscreen use and other skin protection among teens in Brazil. Selfies of students were altered to show UV effects on their future faces and shown to their class, accompanied by information about sun protection. Reducing UV exposure in children and adolescents is important because of the increased risk of skin cancer with cumulative UV exposure and sunburns early in life.
Authors: Titus J. Brinker, M.D., of the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, Germany, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.0511)
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What The Study Did: Case series assesses QT intervals for French patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treated with hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin.
Authors: Martin Cour, M.D., Ph.D., of the Hôpital Edouard Herriot in Lyon, France, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1787)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MAY 5, 2020
Media advisory: The full editorial is linked to this news release.
Bottom Line: JAMA is commemorating 40 years of publishing A Piece of My Mind essays with this theme issue of 40 favorite essays from the past 10 years. The essays are often personal vignettes in which physicians discuss the human side of medicine. This editorial highlights some of the topics in the essays. More than 1,300 essays have been published over 40 years.
Authors: Preeti Malani, M.D., M.S.J., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and an associate JAMA editor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.3760)
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What The Study Did: In this observational study, researchers examine internet searches indicative of shopping for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, including after high-profile endorsements.
Authors: John W. Ayers, Ph.D., M.A., of the University of California, San Diego, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1764)
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What The Viewpoint Says: This Viewpoint describes the relevance of a palliative care approach to surgery during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Authors: Zara Cooper, M.D., M.Sc., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1698)
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What The Viewpoint Says: The importance of minimizing COVID-19 transmission in prisons and jails is described and policies and programs for doing so are detailed.
Authors: Laura Hawks, M.D., Cambridge Health Alliance in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1856)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of two chloroquine diphosphate dosages in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Authors: Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda, M.D., of the Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado in Manaus, Brazil, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Nationally representative survey data from 16,000 U.S. households were used to identify socioeconomic and other factors associated with disaster preparedness among households, such as having food and water stockpiles, an electric generator, communication plans and meeting locations to identify disparities.
Authors: Lucila M. Zamboni, Ph.D., M.P.P., of the University at Albany-State University of New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6881)
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What The Study Did: This study investigates the depression and anxiety of children in China’s Hubei province during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown.
Authors: Ranran Song, Ph.D., M.S., of the Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1619)
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What The Article Says: This Patient Page calls attention to risk factors for child abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic and discusses ways to reduce stress and risk of child abuse during social isolation..
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1459)
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What The Viewpoint Says: The reasons for and reality of a rapid advance toward telemedicine in neurology during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is described in this Viewpoint article.
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Authors: Bastiaan R. Bloem, M.D., Ph.D., of Radboud University Medical Centre in the Netherlands, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1452)
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What The Essay Says: The author describes her experience being pregnant during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Authors: Coral Olazagasti, M.D., of the Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health in New Hyde Park, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1652)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study evaluated Medicaid benefits coverage and reimbursement amounts for recommended adult vaccines in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Authors: Charleigh J. Granade, M.P.H., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3316)
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What The Study Did: This observational study compared how school start times either early or delayed were associated with when, how long and how well high school students slept. Insufficient sleep is a common problem among adolescents.
Authors: Rachel Widome, Ph.D., M.H.S., of the University of Minnesota School of Public Health in Minneapolis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0344)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, APRIL 28, 2020
Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 202-572-2044. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.
Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends primary care clinicians provide interventions, including education or brief counseling, to prevent the start of tobacco use among school-age children and adolescents younger than 18. Estimates suggest that every day about 1,600 young people ages 12 to 17 smoke their first cigarette and that about 5.6 million adolescents alive today will die prematurely from a smoking-related illness. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this statement is consistent with its 2013 recommendation, although it now includes electronic cigarettes as a tobacco product and adds that there is insufficient evidence to make a recommendation on primary care interventions for quitting tobacco use among this age group.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4679)
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Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.
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What The Study Did: Recently reported pediatric cases of SARS-CoV-2 from China and Singapore are assessed to evaluate clinical features, diagnostic tests, current therapeutic management and prognosis.
Authors: Amelia Licari, M.D., of the University of Pavia in Italy, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1467)
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What The Study Did: The association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers and the severity of illness and death in patients with hypertension hospitalized for COVID-19 is examined in this study.
Authors: Aiping Deng, of the Central Hospital of Wuhan in China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1624)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This decision analytical model describes several key epidemiological features of imported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Wenzhou, China.
Authors: Xiaoqing Pan, Ph.D., of Shanghai Normal University, and Yan Lu, Ph.D., of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, in China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6785)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers in this survey study examined whether watching the 2019 movie “Joker,” in which the namesake character is violent and has mental illness, was associated with a change in the level of prejudice toward people with mental illness compared with others who watched another movie.
Authors: Damian Scarf, Ph.D., of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3423)
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What The Study Did: This survey study looked at how often cancer survivors in the United States and their spouses or partners stay in their jobs because of concerns about losing their health insurance.
Authors: Erin E. Kent, Ph.D., M.S., of the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0742)
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What The Study Did: About 3,800 adults 40 and older in South Korea participating in a national health survey were included in this analysis that examined associations between hearing loss and a test of their ability to retain balance. Age-related hearing loss affects the inner ear, which may increase the risk of dizziness.
Authors: Sung-Won Chae, M.D., Ph.D., of Korea University Medicine in Seoul, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0293)
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What The Study Did: Researchers analyzed rates and lethality of 1.2 million suicides and nonfatal suicide attempts from 2006 to 2015 among people ages 10 to 74 using nationally representative data in the U.S.
Authors: Jing Wang, M.D., M.P.H., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0596)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study looked at how common it was among nearly 4,500 female veterans (age 45 and older) to screen positive for intimate partner violence during routine screening at some Veterans Health Administration clinics, and researchers investigated associations of positive screening results with health conditions and the use of health care services.
Authors: Lena K. Makaroun, M.D., M.S., of the VA Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion in Pittsburgh, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3138)
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What The Study Did: Rates and methods of detection of thyroid cancer diagnosed in male rescue/recovery workers at the World Trade Center site after the 9/11 terrorist attacks were compared with demographically similar individuals from Olmsted County, Minnesota, to see if increased rates of thyroid cancer among those workers were associated with the identification of asymptomatic cancers detected during heightened nonthyroid-related medical surveillance.
Authors: Rachel Zeig-Owens, Dr.P.H., M.P.H., of the Bureau of Health Services in Brooklyn, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0950)
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What The Study Did: Data from a study of environmental influences on child health and development were used to investigate the extent to which frequency of screen viewing and social activities such as parent-child play and reading through 18-months of age were associated with the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and ASD-like symptoms among 2,100 children at age 2.
Authors: David S. Bennett, Ph.D., of the Drexel University College of Medicine in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0230)
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What The Study Did: This study combined the results of 29 studies with nearly 12,000 black adolescents to examine the association between attending sexual health programs and outcomes such as sexual behavior (condom use, number of partners) or abstinence, contraction of sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy.
Authors: Reina Evans, B.S., of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0382)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, APRIL 16, 2020
Media advisory: The full article is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1661?guestAccessKey=7fc8b461-15cd-4f54-93f8-c0f6dbeae31d&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=041620
What The Viewpoint Says: The importance of recognizing and directly addressing the challenges created by COVID-19 era physical distancing in the care of older adults is addressed.
Authors: Michael A. Steinman, M.D., of the University of California, San Francisco, and the San Francisco VA Medical Center, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1661)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial compared blood pressure control after a heart attack among 200 patients who received either regular follow-up care of four visits to an outpatient clinic or who were given four smartphone-compatible devices (weight scale, blood pressure monitor, heart rhythm monitor and step counter) and had two care visits via a video connection and two outpatient clinic visits. There is a need for interventions that may help to improve patient compliance with guideline-based therapy following a heart attack.
Authors: Martin Jan Schalij, M.D., Ph.D., of the Leiden University Medical Center in Leiden, the Netherlands, is the corresponding author.
Visual Abstract
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2165)
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What The Study Did: Whether visual impairment is a risk factor for dementia was the focus of this observational study that included 1,000 older women who are participants in the Women’s Health Initiative studies.
Authors: Suzann Pershing, M.D., M.S., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Palo Alto, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.0959)
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