Are Toddlers Meeting Screen-Time Guidelines?

Posted November 21, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Sheri Madigan, Ph.D., email Heath McCoy at hjmccoy@ucalgary.ca. The full study is linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: Most 2- and 3-year-old children don’t meet screen time guidelines and moms’ screen usage was one of the associated factors reported in this observational study. Guidelines put forth by the World Health Organization and pediatric societies have recommended that preschool-age children get no more than one hour of screen time daily. This study used data collected from 2011 to 2014 to determine how common it is for children 2 and 3 years old to meet or exceed screen time guidelines and to describe individual and family factors associated with failing to meet those guidelines. There were 1,595 and 1,994 children at ages 2 and 3 years old, respectively, available for the analysis. Researchers report 79.4% of children at 2 years old and 94.7% at 3 years old didn’t meet screen time guidelines. Factors associated with failing to meeting screen time guidelines at 2 years old were maternal screen time, being cared for at home compared with daycare, and the year data were collected. At 3 years old, only maternal screen time was a significant factor. Limitations of the study include maternal self-reported screen time and a lack of information on how screen time was used, such as viewing alone or with others. Initiatives aimed at reducing screen time by children need to consider family screen time habits.

Authors: Sheri Madigan, Ph.D., of the University of Calgary, Canada, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4495)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Object-Related Choking Deaths Decrease Among Kids

Posted November 21, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author John D. Cramer, M.D., email Phil Van Hulle at cz5680@wayne.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: Deaths from choking on objects among children and teens decreased from 1968 to 2017 in this analysis that spans 50 years when efforts to prevent these deaths included a federal law, other regulations, choking hazard warning labels and public awareness campaigns. Researchers report 20,629 object-related choking deaths in children and teens (to age 17) from 1968 to 2017 based on data from the National Vital Statistics System. Deaths declined from 1.02 per 100,000 children (719 deaths) in 1968 to 0.25 per 100,000 children (184 deaths) in 2017. Although a number of laws, regulations and guidelines were adopted during that time, researchers cannot determine their effect on the decline in deaths or if other factors were involved. Additional prevention strategies should be considered to reduce the exposure of children to objects already restricted with warning labels.

Authors: John D. Cramer, M.D., Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.15375)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Analysis of US Life Expectancy

Posted November 21, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Steven H. Woolf, M.D., M.P.H., email Mary Kate Brogan at broganm2@vcu.edu. The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: Examining life expectancy in the United States over nearly 60 years and identifying factors that contributed to recent increases in mortality were the focus of this expansive report. Researchers used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Mortality Database to analyze changes in life expectancy and mortality rates, and they reviewed epidemiologic literature to add context to the vital statistics and explore explanations for the trends. Life expectancy increased almost 10 years, from 69.9 years in 1959 to 78.9 years in 2016, but the pace slowed over time and life expectancy decreased in the U.S. for three consecutive years after 2014. Contributing to that decrease, the researchers report, was an increase in deaths among working-age adults, those ages 25 to 64, from causes such as drug overdoses, suicides, and a long list of organ system diseases. The report includes an analysis at the state level, showing that the trend was more concentrated in certain regions, notably the Industrial Midwest and northern New England. The authors discuss potential explanations for rising mortality, among them drugs, obesity, the health care system, mounting stress and the economy. Limitations of the report include mortality data that can be subject to errors such as an inaccurate determination of cause of death, race misclassification and undercounting.

Authors: Steven H. Woolf, M.D., M.P.H., and Heidi Schoomaker, M.A.Ed., of the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.16932)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Screen Time Patterns of Kids

Posted November 21, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Screen time data for nearly 3,900 children were used to examine patterns of screen time use and the association with sociodemographic characteristics such as parental education levels and sex of the child.

Author: Edwina H. Yeung, Ph.D., of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4488)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Association Between Parents’ Education Level and Youth Outcomes

Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Ethnic and racial differences between educational attainment by parents and outcomes among young people related to behavior, academics and health were explored in this observational study. The study included 10,619 adolescents ages 12 to 17 who participated in a nationally representative survey.

Authors: Shervin Assari, M.D., M.P.H., of Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science in Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16018)

Editor’s Note: The articles includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Estimating How Self-Reported Hearing Trouble Varied Among Older Adults

Posted November 19, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Researchers used nationally representative survey data from adults 60 or older to estimate how self-reported hearing trouble varied across sociodemographic characteristics and by actual hearing loss.

Authors: Adele M. Goman, Ph.D., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3584)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Is Parents’ Use of Marijuana Associated With Greater Likelihood of Kids’ Substance Use

Posted November 19, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Bertha K. Madras, Ph.D., email Laura Neves at lneves1@partners.org. The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Recent and past use of marijuana by parents was associated with increased risk of marijuana, tobacco and alcohol use by adolescent or young adult children living in the same household in this survey study. Researchers examined data for 24,900 parent-child pairs from National Surveys on Drug Use and Health from 2015-2018. Parental marijuana use was a risk factor for marijuana and tobacco use by adolescent and young adult children and for alcohol use by adolescent children when researchers accounted for a variety of potential family and environmental factors. When those factors were considered, parental marijuana use wasn’t associated with opioid misuse by their children. The study has limitations, including that the surveys cannot provide a complete picture of family substance use.

Authors: Bertha K. Madras, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School, Boston, and McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16015)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 18, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted November 18, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 18, 2019 by Jim Michalski

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Gunshot Survivors Report Long-Term Physical, Mental Consequences

Posted November 18, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Michael A. Vella, M.D., email Katie Delach at Katie.Delach@pennmedicine.upenn.edu. The full study, commentary and podcast are linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: Survivors of gunshot wounds reported negative outcomes years after being shot in this observational study. The study included about 180 gunshot wound survivors who were patients at an urban trauma center and who were surveyed by telephone up to 10 years following injury. Researchers report that, compared to before being shot, gunshot wound survivors had increased unemployment and alcohol and substance use, and nearly half screened positive for probable posttraumatic stress disorder. Gunshot wound survivors also scored lower on measures of physical health function and mental health compared with the general population. Limitations of the study include that most gunshot wound survivors couldn’t be contacted by telephone despite multiple attempts. Researchers also didn’t account for educational level and socioeconomic status, two potential factors that could influence the results. These findings suggest a role for long-term physical and mental health follow-up in this unique patient population.

Authors: Michael A. Vella, M.D., Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.4533)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Barbra Streisand Featured in JAMA Podcast on Heart Disease in Women

Posted November 15, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The podcast and related articles linked below are being published to coincide with a session on cardiovascular disease in women at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019. To contact Dr. Bairey Merz email Sally Stewart at sally.stewart@cshs.org and to contact Barbra Streisand email Rupa Balasubramanian at rupa@fundamental-inc.com.

What The Podcast Is About: Oscar-winner, recording artist and filmmaker Barbra Streisand, who helped create a namesake Women’s Heart Center at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles, and Noel Bairey Merz, M.D., the center’s director, discuss cardiovascular disease in women, which often presents differently and may not be diagnosed.

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Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Is Early Menopause Associated With Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease?

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with a session on cardiovascular disease in women at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Whether natural premature menopause and premature menopause that results from surgery to remove a woman’s ovaries before age 40 are associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases was the focus of this observational study.

Authors: Pradeep Natarajan, M.D., M.M.Sc., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.19191)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Use, Costs for Medicare, Medicaid of Newer Heart Failure Medications

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Medicare and Medicaid data were analyzed in this claims-based study to look at national patterns of use and costs for two newer medications approved to treat heart failure by the Food and Drug Administration in 2015.

Authors: Ambarish Pandey, M.D., M.S.C.S., of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4982)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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State Abortion Conscience Laws

Posted November 14, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study examined state laws that grant individuals and institutions rights to refuse participation in abortion based on their beliefs, that grant immunity from liability for such refusals, and that limit conscience rights when patient safety is at risk.

Authors: Nadia N. Sawicki, J.D., M.Be., of the Loyola University Chicago School of Law in Chicago, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.15105)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Treatment of Migraine Pain in Randomized Clinical Trial

Posted November 14, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Adults experiencing a migraine of moderate or severe severity took the drug ubrogepant or placebo and reported if after two hours they were free of pain and of their most bothersome migraine-associated symptom in this randomized clinical trial.

Authors: Richard B. Lipton, M.D., of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in Bronx, New York, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.16711)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Trial Compares Maternal Blood Loss With Immediate vs. Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping

Posted November 14, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. A visual abstract is below.

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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial compared maternal blood loss with immediate umbilical cord clamping (within 15 seconds after birth) versus delayed clamping (60 seconds after birth) in 113 women who had a scheduled cesarean delivery at term of 37 weeks or more.

Authors: Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, M.D., M.Sc., of the Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.

Visual Abstract

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.15995)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Effects of HIV Self-Tests on Testing, Diagnosis

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and an editor’s note are linked to this news release. Also linked is a Special Communication article summarizing current guidelines and expert recommendations as part of a call for wider adoption of PrEP (preexposure prophylaxis) prescribing by frontline primary care physicians.

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What The Study Did: A 12-month randomized clinical trial used internet recruitment of men who have sex with men to evaluate the effects of providing self-tests for HIV to increase HIV testing and diagnosis among the men and people in their social networks.

Authors: Robin J. MacGowan, M.P.H., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5222)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Disparities in Care, Mortality Among Hospitalized Homeless Adults With Cardiovascular Conditions

Posted November 15, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:30 P.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Disparities in hospital care as measured by procedure rates and in-hospital death rates between homeless and nonhomeless adults hospitalized for cardiovascular conditions in New York, Massachusetts and Florida were examined in this observational analysis.

Authors: Rishi K. Wadhera, M.D., M.P.P., M.Phil., of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.6010)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4357?guestAccessKey=8a0ad4d2-14d4-42c9-907e-a4f19ea9145f&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=111819

Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks and State Legislative Proposals

Posted November 14, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study explored how health is associated with legislative activity by examining whether outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles, mumps, whooping cough and chickenpox, were associated with the introduction of legislation in states to change vaccine exemption laws.

Author: Neal D. Goldstein, Ph.D., M.B.I., of the Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4365)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

Media advisory: This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4973?guestAccessKey=b06230bd-3a86-488a-8745-876103c4037f&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=111819

Did Medications Improve Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure Who Had Heart Pump?

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Researchers investigated if improved survival and quality of life were associated with neurohormonal blockade therapy (the drug classes angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid antagonists) among 12,000 patients with heart failure who received a heart pump.

Authors: Nihar R. Desai, M.D., M.P.H., of the Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4965)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 12, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 12, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Comparing CPR Quality After Face-to-Face or Virtual Training

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Comparing the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delivered on manikins after face-to-face training with an instructor or virtual reality training using a smartphone app was the objective of the randomized clinical trial that included nearly 400 adults who attended a music festival in the Netherlands.

Authors: Joris Nas, M.D., of Radboud University Medical Center in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4992)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

Media advisory: This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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Experiences, Concerns of Patients With Heart Failure

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

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What The Study Did: Researchers sought to understand the experiences and perceptions of patients living with heart failure, as well as their familiarity and concerns regarding treatments for the condition, in this survey study of more than 400 patients.

Authors: Emily C. O’Brien, Ph.D., of the Duke Clinical Research Institute in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4987)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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How Did Outcomes Compare for Patients With Heart Failure After Telerehabilitation Program

Posted November 15, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. (ET), SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2019.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.5006?guestAccessKey=3fb0d7ce-9ad4-44a8-bc0d-c2c313a3c1d8&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=111719

What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial investigated whether patients with heart failure in Poland would spend more time alive and out of the hospital if they participated in a mostly home-based, remote-monitored telerehabilitation program (one week in the hospital and nine weeks at home) compared to patients who received usual care.

Authors: Ewa Pietrowicz, M.D., Ph.D., of the Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw, Poland, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.5006)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article: This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/fullarticle/10.1001/jamasurg.2019.4547?guestAccessKey=ac3c8d85-5f24-47da-8e44-4dafac02c61d&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=111319

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Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Is Association Between Hearing Loss, Impaired Cognition Present Earlier

Posted November 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2019

Media advisory: The full study, commentary and podcast are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Researchers in this observational study looked at whether the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment is present at earlier levels of hearing loss than previously believed.

Authors: Justin S. Golub, M.D., M.S., of New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3375)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Analysis of Melanoma in US by Age Groups

Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Dermatology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and podcast are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study used registry data to determine annual rates of melanoma in pediatric, adolescent, young adult and adult age groups, and the findings suggest an apparent decrease among adolescent and young adults between 2006 and 2015 but increases in older adults.

Authors: Jennifer M. Gardner M.D., of the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.3353)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Changing Weight-Loss Strategies, Attempts

Posted November 11, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Lu Qi, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.H.A., email Carolyn Scofield at cscofiel@tulane.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: The proportion of adults who tried to lose weight in the previous year increased from 1999 to 2016 but the findings of this observational study suggest the results may have been unsatisfactory. The analysis included data collected from about 48,000 adults ages 40 to 64 as part of a continuing national survey. The most commonly reported weight-loss strategies were eating less food, exercising and drinking more water, although increases were seen among those who attempted to lose weight in current measured body-mass index (BMI) and weight, as well as in the difference between current measured weight and adjusted self-reported prior year weight. The study has limitations to consider, including that self-perceived weight status and weight loss attempts and strategies were based on self-reported data.

Authors: Lu Qi, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.H.A., of Tulane University, New Orleans, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.15219)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Opioid Overdose Deaths Among Younger Medicare Patients With Disability

Posted November 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Yong-Fang Kuo, Ph.D., email Christopher Smith Gonzalez at chrissmi@utmb.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.15638?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=111519

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: This observational study estimated the rate of opioid overdose deaths among Medicare enrollees younger than 65 who qualified for Medicare because of a disability. The study included more than 1.7 million of these enrollees in 2016 and 1,371 opioid overdose deaths. Researchers report those enrollees represented 14.9% of the Medicare population but they accounted for almost 81% of all opioid overdose deaths among all Medicare enrollees. The rate of opioid overdose deaths in this population increased from 57.4 per 100,000 in 2012 to 77.6 per 100,000 in 2016, and was greater among people with psychiatric diseases (such as depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder), substance use disorder (tobacco, alcohol or drug use) and chronic pain. Adults who had all three of these conditions had higher rate of opioid overdose death than those with none of the conditions. Limitations of the study include variations in the quality and accuracy of death certificate data associated with overdose.

Authors: Yong-Fang Kuo, Ph.D., of the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.15638)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 7, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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How Likely Do You Think You Are to Develop Dementia?

Posted November 12, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Neurology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 2019

Media Advisory: To contact corresponding author Donovan T. Maust, M.D., M.S., email Kara Gavin at kegavin@med.umich.edu. The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Gerontological Society of America 2019 Annual Scientific Meeting.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3946?guestAccessKey=27c6954a-f71c-4ad3-b058-b21983ed5cc9&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=111519

Bottom Line: A poll suggests almost half of adults ages 50 to 64 believe they’re likely to develop dementia. The survey included 1,019 respondents who were asked what risk they perceived and what potential risk-reducing measures they took. Of the participants, 48.5% said they were at least somewhat likely to develop dementia during their lifetime. Many participants reported strategies to try to maintain or improve memory that aren’t evidence based. Only a few participants (5.2%) had discussed potential ways to reduce dementia risk with their physician.

Authors: Donovan T. Maust, M.D., M.S., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3946)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Clinical Trial in Australia Tests Effectiveness of Naloxone by Nose vs. Injection for Opioid Overdose

Posted November 11, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14977?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=111319

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: A randomized clinical trial in Australia tested whether a dose of naloxone administered through the nose was as effective as the same dose delivered by injection to reverse opioid overdose as measured by the need for a rescue dose delivered by injection 10 minutes after the initial treatment. The study included 197 clients at a medically supervised injecting center in Sydney where eligible patients (18 or older with a history of injecting drug use) are allowed to inject drugs under the supervision of clinically trained staff who watch for signs of overdose.

Authors: Paul Dietze, Ph.D., of the Burnet Institute in Melbourne, Australia, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14977)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Use Changes After Recreational Marijuana Legalization

Posted November 11, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Magdalena Cerdá, Dr.P.H., email Sasha Walek at Sasha.Walek@nyulangone.org. The full study, editorial and podcast are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3254?guestAccessKey=3cd6baa3-b7f9-44f4-81bb-ea005c929794&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=111319

Bottom Line: How the legalization of recreational marijuana in some states was associated with changes in marijuana use and cannabis use disorder compared to other states from 2008 to 2016 was the focus of this study. Researchers used national survey data from nearly 506,000 participants in age groups from 12 to 17, 18 to 25, and 26 or older. The authors report that after the legalization of recreational marijuana, the proportion of respondents 12 to 17 reporting past-year cannabis use disorder increased from 2.18% to 2.72%. Also, the proportion of respondents 26 or older reporting frequent marijuana use increased from 2.13% to 2.62% and those reporting cannabis use disorder increased from 0.90% to 1.23%. No associations were found among those respondents 18 to 25. A limitation of the study is its reliance on self-reported marijuana use. The increases in use and risk of cannabis use disorder observed in this study are potential public health concerns.

Authors: Magdalena Cerdá, Dr.P.H., of the New York University School of Medicine, New York, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3254)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Examining Muscle Relaxant Dose, Risk of Encephalopathy in Patients With CKD

Posted November 6, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 10 A.M. (ET), SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at Kidney Week 2019.

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What The Study Did: Whether a higher or lower dose of the muscle relaxant baclofen was associated with 30-day risk of hospitalization with encephalopathy (defined as a main diagnosis of delirium, disorientation, transient alteration of awareness, transient ischemic attack or an unclear diagnosis of dementia) among newly prescribed patients with chronic kidney disease was the focus of this observational study with nearly 16,000 older adults.

Authors: Flory T. Muanda, M.D., Ph.D., of the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences in London, Ontario, Canada, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17725)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Predicting Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease

Posted November 6, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at Kidney Week 2019.

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What The Study Did: Data from about 5 million people (with and without diabetes) in 28 countries were used to develop equations to help identify people at increased five-year risk of chronic kidney disease, defined as reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Authors: Josef Coresh, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17379)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 5, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Did Vitamin D, Omega-3 Supplements Help Prevent Development, Progression of CKD in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes?

Posted November 6, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2 P.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being released to coincide with presentation at Kidney Week 2019.

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What The Study Did: Researchers in this randomized clinical trial investigated if supplementation with vitamin D or omega-3 fatty acids compared with placebo over five years helped prevent the development or progression of chronic kidney disease among adults with type 2 diabetes. The main outcome measure was change in the glomerular filtration rate that was estimated from serum creatinine and cystatin C.

Authors: Ian H. de Boer, M.D., M.S., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17380)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 4, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted November 4, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Randomized Clinical Trial Focuses on Mailed HPV Self-Sampling Test Kits

Posted November 4, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial compared mailed at-home HPV self-sampling test kits with the usual care reminders patients receive about in-clinic screening for increasing the detection and treatment of cervical precancers and screening.

Authors: Rachel L. Winer, Ph.D., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14729)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Is Infection After Surgery Associated With Increased Long-Term Risk of Infection, Death?

Posted November 4, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Whether experiencing an infection within the first 30 days after surgery is associated with an increased risk of another infection and death within one year was the focus of this observational study that included about 660,000 veterans who underwent major surgery.

Authors: William J. O’Brien, M.S., of the VA Boston Health Care System, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.4539)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Popular Flavors of JUUL Electronic Cigarettes Used by Teens

Posted November 4, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 9 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Adam M. Leventhal, Ph.D., email Leigh Hopper at lhopper@usc.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: Estimating the most common JUUL electronic cigarette flavors used by U.S. teenagers in 2019 was the focus of this study. Nationally representative survey data collected in 2019 from about 14,000 eighth, 10th and 12th graders were used, of whom nearly 19% reported vaping of any nicotine product in the past 30 days and 12.6% reported using JUUL e-cigarettes (7% in eighth grade, 15% in 10th grade and 16% in 12th grade). Data on flavor preference were available for 1,739 users of JUUL in the past 30 days. Researchers report mint was the most popular flavor among 12th and 10th graders, followed by mango. Among eighth graders, mango was the most popular, followed by mint. Among teens who used JUUL on 20 or more days in the past month, mint was the most popular flavor in all grades. The study findings raise questions about regulations and sales suspensions that exempt mint flavors as effective strategies to reduce e-cigarette use by adolescents. A limitation of the study is its generalizability only to JUUL users.

Authors: Adam M. Leventhal, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Los Angeles, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17968)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted November 1, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Posted October 31, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Study Reports High Use of Electronic Cigarettes Among US Students in 2019

Posted November 4, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 9 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Karen A. Cullen, Ph.D., email Michael Felberbaum at Michael.Felberbaum@fda.hhs.gov or Stephanie Caccomo at Stephanie.Caccomo@fda.hhs.gov. The full study is linked to this news release.

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Bottom Line: About 1 in 4 high school students and 10% of middle school students in 2019 reported current use of electronic cigarettes based on nationally representative survey data from U.S. students in grades six to 12. The findings suggest an estimated 4.1 million high school students and 1.2 million middle school students are using e-cigarettes in 2019. This study included about 19,000 participants in the 2019 National Youth Tobacco Survey to estimate how common e-cigarette use is among students including current use (past 30 days), frequent use (20 or more days in the past 30 days), usual e-cigarette brand, and the use of flavored products. Researchers report an estimated 27.5% of high school students and 10.5% of middle school students reported current e-cigarette use, and of those users, an estimated 34% of high school students and 18% of middle school students reported frequent use. JUUL was reported by 59.1% of high school students and 54.1% of middle school students as their usual brand of e-cigarettes in the past 30 days. Among current e-cigarette users who didn’t use other tobacco products, an estimated 72% of high school students and 59% of middle school students used flavored e-cigarettes, with fruit, menthol or mint, and candy, desserts, or other sweets being the most commonly reported flavors. Limitations of the study to consider include the 66% response rate to the survey because tobacco use may differ among those who participated in the survey and those that didn’t.

Authors: Karen A. Cullen, Ph.D., U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18387)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Investigating Childhood Stress Association With Blood Indicator of Chronic Inflammation

Posted October 31, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Researchers looked at whether exposure to adverse experiences, stress, and violence among 1,400 children in the United Kingdom was associated at age 18 with elevated levels in the blood of an indicator of chronic inflammation.

Author: Line Jee Hartmann Rasmussen, Ph.D., of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3875)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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How Many NCAA Team Doctors, Trainers Are Women, Men?

Posted October 31, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Researchers used the NCAA member directory to gather data to determine the distribution of women and men among head physicians and athletic trainers for teams in Divisions I, II and III in the 2018-2019 academic year.

Authors: Caitlin Lewis, M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic in Garfield Heights, Ohio, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5092)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Association of Canadian Provincial Bans on Electronic Cigarette Sales to Minors, Use

Posted October 31, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study investigated how Canadian provincial bans on electronic cigarette sales to minors were associated with changes in their e-cigarette use.

Author: Hai V. Nguyen, Ph.D., of Memorial University of Newfoundland, in St. John’s, Canada, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3912)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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30-Day Death Rates After Emergency Department Visits

Posted October 31, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Researchers used Medicare data from 2009 to 2016 to see how 30-day death rates associated with emergency department visits have changed.

Authors: Laura G. Burke, M.D., M.P.H., of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.4866)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Evaluating Mind-Body Therapies for Opioid-Treated Pain

Posted October 31, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Mind-body therapies include things like meditation, hypnosis, relaxation and cognitive behavioral therapy. This study combined results from dozens of other studies to evaluate how mind-body therapies were associated with pain and opioid-related outcomes among adults using opioids for pain.

Authors: Eric L Garland, Ph.D., of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.4917)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted October 31, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Emergency Department Admissions of Children for Sexual Abuse

Posted October 31, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study analyzed emergency department admissions of children for sexual abuse between 2010 and 2016 using a nationwide database of emergency visits and U.S. Census Bureau data.

Authors: Jesse J. Helton, Ph.D., of St. Louis University in Missouri, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3988)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted October 29, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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STD Crowd-Diagnosis Requests on Social Media

Posted October 31, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: Online postings seeking information on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) on the social media website Reddit were analyzed to see how often requests were made for a crowd-diagnosis and whether the requested diagnosis was for a second opinion after seeing a health care professional.

Authors: John W. Ayers, Ph.D., M.A., of the University of California, San Diego, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jama.2019.14390)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted October 29, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Assessing Effect of Prescribing Fewer Opioids After Corneal Surgery

Posted October 29, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Ophthalmology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 31, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: What the association is between decreasing the number of opioid tablets prescribed to patients after corneal surgery and their opiod use and pain control was the focus of this observational study.

Authors: Maria A. Woodward, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.4432)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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Posted October 29, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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ADHD Across Racial/Ethnic Groups

Posted October 29, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: This study of patients from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds who received care at the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health system looked at how common attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnoses were over a 10-year period across seven racial/ethnic groups.

Authors: Winston Chung, M.D., M.S., of Kaiser Permanente Northern California in San Francisco, and Michael P. Milham, M.D., Ph.D., of the Child Mind Institute in New York, are the corresponding authors.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14344)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Insurance Coverage Among Patients With Head/Neck Cancer After ACA

Posted October 29, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 31, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoto.2019.2724?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103119

What The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association between the Affordable Care Act and changes in the percentage of patients with insurance among 130,000 people with head and neck cancer across varying socioeconomic and demographic backgrounds.

Authors: Neelima Panth, M.D., M.P.H., of the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2019.2724)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted October 28, 2019 by Jim Michalski

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted October 28, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted October 24, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article: This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3845?guestAccessKey=6bec5455-df06-45bf-89d7-44db7d042891&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102819

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted October 24, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

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Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted October 24, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article: This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/fullarticle/10.1001/jamasurg.2019.4702?guestAccessKey=6c0b80f5-293b-4f90-ad1f-f50c066f1f5d&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102819

Childhood Cancer Survivors and Later Breast Cancer Risk

Posted October 24, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This study examined later breast cancer risk in childhood cancer survivors following radiation and chemotherapy treatment.

Author: Lena H. Veiga, Ph.D., of the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3807)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Did Banning Sugar-Sweetened Drinks at Work Cut Employee Consumption?

Posted October 24, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article: This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.4434?guestAccessKey=c104b006-fa16-4100-824e-a4e9af86af07&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102819

What The Study Did: This study examined the effects of a workplace ban on sales of sugar-sweetened beverages on employee consumption and health.

Authors: Elissa S. Epel. Ph.D., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.4434)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

What Are Encounters With Biased Patients Like for Physicians?

Posted October 24, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Internal Medicine

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2019

Media advisory: The full study, commentary and podcast are linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: A group of 50 nonwhite hospitalist attending physicians, internal medicine residents and medical students described their encounters with biased patients (ranging from patients refusing care to explicit racist, sexist or homophobic comments and belittling jokes) in this qualitative study to understand physicians’ perspectives on these encounters, which could help in the development of best practices and training programs at institutions as the clinical workforce becomes more diverse.

Authors: Alicia Fernandez, M.D., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.4122)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Here’s a link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article

Posted October 22, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article: This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.4107?guestAccessKey=31572357-2b2d-4b00-ba8e-ff65e337922e&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102419

Detection of Oral HPV DNA in Teen, Young Adult Females

Posted October 22, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Nicolas F. Schlecht, Ph.D., email Annie Deck-Miller at annie.deck-miller@roswellpark.org. The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14031?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102519

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Researchers tested for HPV DNA in oral rinse samples collected over 10 years from a group of sexually active females (ages 13 to 21) who were planning to or had received the vaccine that targets four types of HPV. HPV was detected in 6.2% of 1,259 participants at baseline but oral HPV detection became less likely with time since becoming sexually active. And, researchers report detection of the HPV types targeted by the vaccine was even less likely among those who received at least one dose of the vaccine compared with those who were fully unvaccinated. Study cohort characteristics include a population that had more sexual partners and an earlier initiation of sexual activity than other groups that have been studied. HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection that is associated with increased risk of some cancers, including in the oral cavity.

Authors: Nicolas F. Schlecht, Ph.D., of the Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14031)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Length of Time in US Associated With Immigrants’ Opioid Use

Posted October 22, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Brian D. Sites, M.D., M.S., email Audra Burns at Audra.Burns@hitchcock.org. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13979?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102519

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: The more time first-generation immigrants spend in the United States the more likely it appears they will use prescription opioids. This analysis used nationally representative survey data on health services that include prescription medications and self-reported length of time spent in the country. Among an estimated 41.5 million adult immigrants living in the United States, 3.2 million (7.8%) use prescription opioids. Study authors report the rate of opioid use increased from 4.7% among new immigrants (less than five years in the U.S.) to 14.8% among long-standing immigrants (in the U.S. 15 years or more). Nonimmigrants were more likely to use prescription opioids compared with all first-generation immigrants (16.1% vs. 7.8%). The findings suggest uniquely American cultural factors may promote opioid use.

Authors: Brian D. Sites, M.D., M.S., Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13979)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

How is Physical Activity Associated With Fracture Risk in Older Women?

Posted October 22, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14084?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102519

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: In this observational study of 77,206 postmenopausal women, researchers looked at how physical activity and sedentary behavior were associated with risk of fracture.

Authors: Jean Wactawski-Wende, Ph.D., of the University at Buffalo in New York, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14084)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

How Did Weight-Loss Surgery Affect Long-Term Health Care Expenses?

Posted October 28, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Surgery

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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What The Study Did: This observational study of nearly 10,000 veterans with severe obesity compared health care expenditures for veterans who had weight-loss surgery with those who didn’t during up to 10 years of follow-up.

Authors: Matthew L. Maciejewski, Ph.D., of the Durham VA Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.3732)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Study Examines Fetal Exposure to Acetaminophen, Risk of Childhood ADHD, ASD

Posted October 28, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3259?guestAccessKey=83e36a6e-f239-43f0-9c6e-9983db4436d0&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103019

What The Study Did: Umbilical cord blood samples were used to examine an association between fetal exposure to acetaminophen and risk of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disabilities in a group of nearly 1,000 mother-child pairs.

Authors: Xiaobin Wang, M.D., M.P.H., Sc.D., of the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3259)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Is Weight Loss Surgery Associated With a Reduced Risk of Skin Cancer?

Posted October 28, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Dermatology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.3240?guestAccessKey=8d3a865d-9619-4640-a9ee-a47149039d91&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103019

What The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association between weight loss surgery and a subsequent diagnosis of skin cancer, including melanoma, among 4,000 obese patients in Sweden, who had the surgery or received usual treatment.

Authors: Magdalena Taube, Ph.D., of the University of Gothenburg, in Gothenburg, Sweden, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.3240)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

How Common is Pain in Kids, Teens With ASD?

Posted October 24, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3826?guestAccessKey=fdb5efdd-1bbf-460b-a122-d4e205eddc37&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102819

What The Study Did: Survey responses from parents were used to assess how often children and teens (ages 6 to 17) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) had repeated or chronic physical pain in the previous 12 months compared to children without ASD.

Authors: Daniel G. Whitney, Ph.D., and Danielle N. Shapiro, Ph.D.,of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, are the authors.

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3826)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Dementia, Alzheimer Disease in People With Down Syndrome

Posted October 24, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Neurology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2019

Media Advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3666?guestAccessKey=32ec26cb-4f2f-4cde-aca9-87927ec2c770&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102819

What The Study Did: Medicaid claims data in Wisconsin were analyzed to examine how common dementia and Alzheimer disease were in people with Down syndrome because clinical studies show them to be at higher risk and to have an earlier onset of dementia.

Authors: Eric Rubenstein, Ph.D., of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3666)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Study Examines First Use of Flavored Tobacco Products

Posted October 21, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release and a visual abstract is below.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time: http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13804?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102319

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Associations between the first use of flavored tobacco products and subsequent use of those products were examined in this observational study based on nationally representative survey data of more than 38,400 youth and adults in the United States.

Authors: Andrea C. Villanti, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the University of Vermont in Burlington, is the corresponding author.

Visual Abstract:

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13804)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Increase in Older Adults in US Associated With Increase in Heart Disease Deaths

Posted October 28, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:05 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Stephen Sidney, M.D., M.P.H., email Janet Byron at Janet.L.Byron@kp.org. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4187?guestAccessKey=7c7fe675-8c73-4065-a36e-898696329c13&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103019

Bottom Line: An increase in the number of U.S. adults 65 and older from 2011 to 2017 was associated with an increase in heart disease deaths in that age group despite a slowly declining heart disease mortality rate in the total population. Data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Census Bureau were used to examine changes in heart disease deaths in combination with demographic changes in the population in this observational study. Authors report the 65-and-older population grew from 41.4 million to 50.9 million from 2011 to 2017, an increase of nearly 23%, while the adult population younger than 65 grew by only 1.7%. The overall mortality rate from all heart disease adjusted to account for differences in age declined 5% while the total number of deaths increased 8.5%, with 80% of the deaths among adults 65 and older. Deaths from all heart disease increased 5.7% from 2011 to 2017 among adults younger than 65 but increased 9.3% among those 65 and older. From 2011 t02017, the overall age-adjusted mortality rate from coronary heart disease decreased 14.9% but increased 20.7% from heart failure as the underlying cause. Limitations of the study include the potential misclassification of death certificate coding of heart failure and limitations of national surveillance data. The authors stress that with the number of adults 65 and older projected to increase another 44% in the U.S. from 2017 to 2030, innovative and effective approaches to prevent and treat heart disease are needed.

Authors: Stephen Sidney, M.D., M.P.H., of Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4187)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

Increasing Google Searches for Marijuana Chemical Component CBD

Posted October 21, 2019 by Deanna Bellandi

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author John W. Ayers, Ph.D., M.A., email Louise Canton at louise@elevatedsciencecommunications.com. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13853?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102319

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Google searches from 2004 through April 2019 were used to measure U.S. public interest in cannabidiol (CBD), a chemical component of marijuana. Searches from the United States that mentioned “CBD” or “cannabidiol” were stable from 2004 through 2014 before substantial increases in search volumes of almost 126% in 2017 compared with 2016 and 160% during 2018 compared with 2017. There were 6.4 million Google searches for CBD during April 2019 and year-over-year forecasted search volumes are expected to increase nearly 118% during 2019 compared with 2018. A limitation of this observational study is that Google searches may reflect interest in CBD rather than interest in its use. Researchers urge that attention to CBD be a public health priority because of the growing interest that surrounds it to understand who uses it and why, and to evaluate its effects and potential drug interactions.

Authors: John W. Ayers, Ph.D., M.A., University of California San Diego, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13853)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

# # #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

Is Parental Income During Childhood Associated With Kids’ Later Schizophrenia Risk?

Posted October 21, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2299?guestAccessKey=fe6e8805-e2de-4902-9c7b-06159dc53293&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102319

What The Study Did: Researchers analyzed data from everyone born in Denmark from 1980-2000 to look at associations between parental income until children are 15 and the risk of schizophrenia later in life for children.

Authors: Christian Hakulinen, Ph.D., of the University of Helsinki in Finland, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2299)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

How Much Cardiovascular Disease Among Black Adults is Attributable to Hypertension?

Posted October 21, 2019 by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Donald Clark III, M.D., M.P.H., email Annie Oeth at aoeth@umc.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.3773?guestAccessKey=9c5bc61e-ebca-4e25-8d88-ff077a402bdb&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102319

Bottom Line: Estimating the proportion of cardiovascular disease (CVD) cases among black adults associated with hypertension was the focus of this observational study. The analysis included data on nearly 12,500 black adults in the United States, of whom 9,633 had hypertension. Researchers calculated population-attributable risk, which represents the proportion of cases of a disease in a population attributed to a risk factor. The findings suggest nearly one-third (32.5%) of CVD cases were associated with hypertension. Interventions to maintain normal blood pressure throughout life may help reduce CVD among black adults. A limitation of the study is that a common risk factor, such as hypertension, can make estimates of population-attributable risk less precise.

Authors: Donald Clark III, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, and coauthors.

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.3773)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.