About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This survey study looked at the association between starting to use flavored or unflavored e-cigarettes and subsequently starting or quitting smoking among adolescents and adults.
Authors: Abigail S. Friedman, Ph.D., of the Yale School of Public Health in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3826)
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The immunologic features of mild and moderate COVID-19 in pediatric patients is described and compared in this case series.
Authors: Yun Xiang, Ph.D., and Jianbo Shao, Ph.D., of the Wuhan Children’s Hospital in China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10895)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Anxiety, depression, mood and fear of workplace violence were assessed in a group of young physicians in China before and during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Authors: Weidong Li, M.D., Ph.D., of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in Shanghai, China, and Srijan Sen, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10705)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: How the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with national enrollment in cancer clinical trials is investigated in this study.
Authors: Joseph M. Unger, Ph.D., of the SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10651)
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What The Study Did: Potential tissue targets and routes of entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the central nervous system and reported neurological complications of COVID-19 are identified in this narrative review.
Authors: Serena Spudich, M.D., of the Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2065)
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What The Study Did: This case report describes a 25-year-old female radiographer with no significant medical history who had been working in a COVID-19 ward who presented with a mild dry cough that lasted for one day, followed by persistent severe anosmia (loss of smell) and dysgeusia (an impaired sense of taste).
Authors: Letterio S. Politi, M.D., of the IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas in Rozzano, Italy, is the corresponding author.
Brain MRI Alterations in a Patient With COVID-19 Presenting With Anosmia 4 Days From Symptom Onset
Follow-up MRI Study in the Same Patient 28 Days From Symptom Onset
(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2125)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: A systematic assessment of deep vein thrombosis among patients in an intensive care unit in France with severe COVID-19 is reported in this case series.
Authors: Tristan Morichau-Beauchant, M.D., of the Centre Cardiologique du Nord in Saint-Denis, France, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10478)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Patients with COVID-19 who were discharged from the hospital and had recurrent positive reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results were the focus of this case series.
Authors: Zhixia Jiang, M.S., of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University in Zunyi, China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10475)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and insomnia among health care workers in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic are reported in this observational study.
Authors: Rodolfo Rossi, M.D., of the University of Rome Tor Vergata in Italy, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10185)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Clinical characteristics of patients with asymptomatic or symptomatic COVID-19 are described in this case series from Wuhan, China.
Authors: Yong Xiong, Ph.D., of Wuhan University in China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.10182)
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What The Viewpoint Says: How psychiatrists can contribute to diminish the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed.
Authors: Jurjen J. Luykx, M.D., Ph.D., of University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University in the Netherlands, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1225)
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What The Study Did: Researchers looked at trends in diversity by sex and race/ethnicity among applicants to U.S. surgical residency and fellowship programs from 2008-2018 to see if diversity was increasing.
Authors: Issam Koleilat, M.D., of the Montefiore Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1018)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The fit and filtration efficiency of disposable N95 masks after sterilization by cobalt-60 gamma irradiation are examined in this quality improvement study.
Authors: Avilash Cramer, M.S., of the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology in Charlestown, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.9961)
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What The Study Did: Whether the amount of blood pressure medications taken by older adults could be reduced safely and without a significant change in short-term blood pressure control was the objective of this randomized clinical trial that included 534 adults 80 and older. For some older adults the potential risks of continuing treatment with multiple medications may outweigh the benefits.
Authors: James P. Sheppard, Ph.D., of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, is the corresponding author.
Visual Abstract
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4871)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction tests were used to assess potential viral shedding among patients who previously had been diagnosed with and had clinically recovered from COVID-19.
Authors: Pa Wu, Ph.D., of the Hunan Normal University in Changsha, China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.9759)
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What The Study Did: Postmortem records from the National Violent Death Reporting System were used to determine how common being bullied was among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) youth ages 10 to 19 who died by suicide compared with non-LGBTQ young people who died by suicide.
Authors: Kirsty A. Clark, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the Yale School of Public Health in New Haven, Connecticut, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0940)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, MAY 26, 2020
Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 202-572-2044. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.
Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has concluded that current evidence is insufficient to make a recommendation regarding primary care-based behavioral counseling interventions to prevent illicit drug use (including nonmedical use of prescription drugs) in children, adolescents and young adults. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this recommendation is consistent with its 2014 statement, although it now includes young adults ages 18-25. Illicit drug use, defined as the use of substances (not including alcohol or tobacco products) that are illegally obtained or involve nonmedical use of prescription medications, contributes to the leading causes of death among young people ages 10-24.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.6774)
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Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.
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What The Study Did: The implementation of surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 is examined in this case series that describes symptoms of COVID-19 among residents and staff of an independent/assisted living community.
Authors: Alison C. Roxby, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Washington in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2233)
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What The Viewpoint Says: This Viewpoint discusses the challenges that arise for patients with cancer who are undergoing immune-engaging therapeutic treatment during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Authors: Muhammad Bilal Abid, M.D., M.R.C.P., of the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2367)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of a workplace wellness program that included health screenings, wellness activities and financial incentives on employee health, health beliefs and medical use after 12 and 24 months among 4,800 employees at a large U.S. university.
Authors: David Molitor, Ph.D., of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1321)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial investigated the association between pro-male gender bias and negative stereotypes against women during surgical residency on surgical skills and proactive career development of residents in general surgery training programs. Factors contributing to the underrepresentation of women in surgery aren’t completely understood.
Authors: Sara P. Myers, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1127)
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What The Study Did: This observational study looked at the disparities that exist between women and men waiting to receive a liver transplant, such as being more likely to die while on the wait list, and how much these differences are associated with factors including geographic location, medical urgency and liver size.
Authors: Jayme E. Locke, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1129)
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What The Study Did: Researchers looked at whether patients with nonfatal intentional opioid overdoses would be more likely to die by suicide than patients with unintentional overdoses with an analysis of deaths following nonfatal opioid overdoses of intentional, unintentional and undetermined intent in California from 2009 to 2011.
Authors: Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., of Columbia University in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1045)
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What The Study Did: This study combined the results of seven studies and compared the risk of melanoma among 34,000 patients treated with biologics and 135,000 patients treated with conventional systemic therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis or inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: Shamarke Esse, M.Res., of the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.1300)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study compares COVID-19 cases in border counties in Iowa, which didn’t issue a stay-at-home order, with cases in border counties in Illinois, which did.
Authors: George L. Wehby, Ph.D., of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11102)
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What The Study Did: Following an outbreak of electronic cigarette or vaping product use–associated lung injury (EVALI) linked to hospitalizations and deaths, this study used data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to compare demographic and clinical characteristics, along with substance use behaviors, between adolescents and adults with EVALI.
Authors: Susan H. Adkins, M.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0756)
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What The Study Did: Whether using legal performance-enhancing substances was associated with subsequent use of anabolic-androgenic steroids was the focus of this study that included nearly 13,000 individuals surveyed at ages 18 to 26 about the use of these substances and then surveyed again seven years later.
Authors: Jason M. Nagata, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0883)
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What The Study Did: National health care survey data were used to assess the amount of money spent on primary care relative to other areas of health care spending in the U.S. from 2002 to 2016.
Authors: Andrew W. Bazemore, M.D., M.P.H., of the American Board of Family Medicine in Washington, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1360)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Publicly available data were used to analyze the number of deaths from seasonal influenza deaths compared with deaths from COVID-19.
Authors: Jeremy Samuel Faust, M.D., M.S., of Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2306)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Recommendations for resuming intense exercise training for athletes and highly active people with COVID-19 are discussed.
Authors: Eugene H. Chung, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.2136)
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What The Study Did: Researchers compared the risk of suicide by firearm based on sociodemographic characteristics of U.S. adults.
Authors: Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., of Columbia University in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1334)
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What The Review Says: The characteristics, treatment and outcomes of heart transplant recipients who were infected with COVID-19 in New York City are described in this case series.
Authors: Nir Uriel, M.D., M.Sc., of Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medicine in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.2159)
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What The Study Did: This study used survey responses from 7,000 adults to examine what limitations on self-care, mobility and household activities occurred among adults 65 and older with dementia and impaired vision.
Authors: Joshua R. Ehrlich, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.1562)
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What The Viewpoint Says: The effectiveness of school closure as a preventive measure during the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed.
Authors: Susanna Esposito, M.D., of the University of Parma in Italy, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1892)
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What The Viewpoint Says: Hardships faced by low-income children during the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed, and educational and policy reforms for the future are suggested in this article.
Authors: Danielle G. Dooley, M.D., M.Phil., of the Children’s National Hospital in Washington, D.C., is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2065)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers looked at whether a patient’s body weight and weight loss before bariatric surgery were associated with risk of death within 30 days after surgery using data from nearly 500,000 patients in the U.S. and Canada.
Authors: Wei Bao, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Iowa College of Public Health in Iowa City, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4803)
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What The Study Did: In this study, a risk score based on characteristics of patients with COVID-19 at the time of hospital admission was developed that may help predict a patient’s risk of developing critical illness.
Authors: Jianxing He, M.D., Ph.D., and Nan-Shan Zhong, M.D., of the The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2033)
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What The Study Did: This report assesses the risk associated with COVID-19 for pediatric patients with cancer.
Authors: Andrew L. Kung, M.D., Ph.D., of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2028)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The association between 26 common medical conditions including diabetes and high blood pressure and levels of use of alcohol was investigated with data from electronic health records of 2.7 million primary care patients.
Authors: Stacy A. Sterling, Dr.P.H., M.S.W., of Kaiser Permanente Northern California in Oakland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4687)
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What The Study Did: This study combined the results of 57 studies with 7,000 participants to examine how effective are interventions and programs to enhance the social, emotional and spiritual aspects of wisdom.
Authors: Dilip V. Jeste, M.D., of the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0821)
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What The Study Did: Professional medical societies recommend certain genetic tests for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study looked at how common it was for nearly 1,300 individuals diagnosed with ASD to undergo these tests and the factors associated with receiving genetic testing.
Authors: Eric M. Morrow, M.D., Ph.D., of Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0950)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers looked at the association between prenatal alcohol and tobacco smoking exposure and brain activity in 1,700 newborns measured during sleep.
Authors: William P. Fifer, Ph.D., of Columbia University Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4714)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Viewpoint Says: Ways in which mental health care might change as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic are described.
Authors: John Torous, M.D., of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School is Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1640)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the articles for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Viewpoint Says: Questions about how the COVID-19 pandemic will alter telepsychiatry practice are examined in this article.
Authors: Jay H. Shore, M.D., M.P.H., of the Colorado School of Public Health and Anschutz Medical Campus of the University of Colorado in Aurora, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1643)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the articles for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in North American pediatric intensive care units is described in this observational study, including how it presented, whether there were comorbidities, the severity of disease, therapeutic interventions, clinical trajectory and early outcomes.
Authors: Lara S. Shekerdemian, M.D., M.H.A., of Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1948)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Nearly 14,000 current and former National Football League (NFL) players were included in an observational study that examined whether a greater amount of repeated head impacts throughout a professional football career were associated with increased risk of death.
Authors: Brittany L. Kmush, Ph.D., of Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4442)
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Viewpoint Says: The considerations and challenges affecting the palliative care specialty and delivery of palliative care in the COVID-19 era, as well as potential solutions, are discussed in this Viewpoint.
Authors: Ambereen K. Mehta, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of California, Los Angeles, in Santa Monica, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1938)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the articles for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Article Says: This essay discusses similarities between a doctor’s experiences with diagnoses of cancer and COVID-19.
Author: Urvi A. Shah, M.D., of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, is the author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1848)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the articles for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: In this randomized clinical trial, researchers assessed the effect on measures of quality of life among women who watched Disney movies during chemotherapy for gynecologic cancer.
Authors: Johannes Ott, M.D., of the Medical University of Vienna in Austria, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4568)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What Viewpoint Says: This Viewpoint discusses the exclusion of children from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical trials and why that could harm treatment options for children.
Authors: Florence T. Bourgeois, M.D., M.P.H., of Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School is Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1888)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Viewpoint Says: The authors explain why COVID-19 presents a greater burden for immigrant communities and this article advocates for a more equitable health care system.
Authors: Jonathan Ross, M.D., M.S., of the Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2131)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What Viewpoint Says: Methods for providing adolescents and young adults with reproductive health care during the COVID-19 pandemic are described.
Authors: Tracey A. Wilkinson, M.D., M.P.H., of the Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1884)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Claims data for nearly 200,000 Medicare patients were used to examine the association between starting pulmonary rehabilitation within 90 days of being hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and survival after one year. Pulmonary rehabilitation involves exercise training and self-management education.
Authors: Peter K. Lindenauer, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4437)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data were used to examine changes in rates of deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease from 1999 to 2017 in urban and rural areas of the U.S. overall and by age, sex and race/ethnicity.
Authors: Haider J. Warraich, M.D., of the VA Boston Healthcare System in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.2047)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The clinical characteristics of men with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) whose semen tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are examined in this observational study.
Authors: Weiguo Zhao, M.D., of the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital in Beijing, and Shixi Zhang, M.D., of the Shangqiu Municipal Hospital in Shangqiu City, Henan Province, China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8292)
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What The Study Did: Nearly 60 articles were reviewed to assess the rate of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use for HIV prevention among at-risk teens in the United States and to provide recommendations for how to improve access to and use of PrEP.
Authors: Allison L. Agwu, M.D., Sc.M., of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0824)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The intensive care unit and inpatient bed needs for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in two cities in China are described and compared to estimate the peak number of intensive care unit beds needed in U.S. cities if an outbreak equivalent to that in Wuhan occurs.
Authors: Ruoran Li, M.Phil., of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8297)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Death certificate data were used to compare the rate of opioid-related deaths in the U.S. among cancer survivors with that of the general population from 2006 through 2016. Whether opioid-associated deaths in cancer survivors, who are often prescribed opioids for cancer-related pain, are rising at the same rate as in the general population is unknown.
Authors: Fumiko Chino, M.D., of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0799)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the articles for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: This observational study assessed the association between the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with the likelihood of testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Authors: Ankur Kalra, M.D., of the Cleveland Clinic in Akron, Ohio, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1855)
Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the articles for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Viewpoint Says: Changes in ophthalmology practices after the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed in this article.
Authors: David W. Parke II, M.D., of the American Academy of Ophthalmology in San Francisco, is the author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.2004)
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What The Study Did: A large private health insurance database was used to examine the association between between health insurance nondiscrimination policies and mental health outcomes for gender minority individuals.
Authors: Alex McDowell, R.N., M.S.N., M.P.H., of Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0770)
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What The Study Did: This observational study examines the association of hydroxychloroquine or hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin with QT prolongation in adult patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Authors: Howard S. Gold, M.D., of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1834)
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What The Study Did: This study delineates the transmission dynamics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and evaluates the transmission risk at different exposure window periods before and after symptom onset.
Authors: Hsien-Ho Lin, M.D., Sc.D., of the National Taiwan University in Taipei, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2020)
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What The Study Did: The association between self-reported attendance at religious services among health care workes and risk of death from despair (related to drugs, alcohol and suicide) was examined in this observational study.
Authors: Tyler J. VanderWeele, Ph.D., of the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0175)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial looked at the effect of a face-aging mobile app on daily sunscreen use and other skin protection among teens in Brazil. Selfies of students were altered to show UV effects on their future faces and shown to their class, accompanied by information about sun protection. Reducing UV exposure in children and adolescents is important because of the increased risk of skin cancer with cumulative UV exposure and sunburns early in life.
Authors: Titus J. Brinker, M.D., of the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, Germany, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.0511)
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What The Study Did: Case series assesses QT intervals for French patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treated with hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin.
Authors: Martin Cour, M.D., Ph.D., of the Hôpital Edouard Herriot in Lyon, France, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1787)
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