About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Public support for or opposition to transparency measures regarding the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approval process was assessed in this survey study.
Authors: Joshua M. Sharfstein, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0026)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an information channel to an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
What The Study Did: Researchers examined whether there was an increase in the quantity of contraceptive supply dispensed after a 2016 Oregon policy change requiring insurers to cover a 12-month supply of short-acting, hormonal contraception.
Authors: Maria I. Rodriguez, M.D., M.P.H., of Oregon Health & Science University in Portland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.5146)
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Authors: Yan-Qun Xiang, M.D., and Wei-Xiong Xia, M.D., of the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center in Guangzhou, China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.7366)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
Visual Abstract
Authors: Alison Buttenheim, Ph.D., M.B.A., of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.43388)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association of having a family history of breast cancer with mammographic breast density among 14,000 premenopausal women.
Authors: Adetunji T. Toriola, M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D., of the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48983)
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What The Study Did: Increased body weight was not associated with the risk of thyroid cancer among 362 children being evaluated for thyroid nodules.
Authors: Ari J. Wassner, M.D., of Boston Children’s Hospital, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2021.4455)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study of 296 children ages 5 to 14 found that self-collected lower nasal swabs for COVID-19 surveillance testing at school was feasible and relatively error free.
Authors: Jonathan Altamirano, M.S., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48988)
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Authors: Laurie Shroyer, Ph.D., of the Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Northport, New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2021.7578)
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What The Study Did: Researchers examined whether mental disorders were associated with the onset of dementia in this study of 1.7 million New Zealand citizens across three decades of observation.
Authors: Leah S. Richmond-Rakerd, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.4377)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The rate of polycystic ovary syndrome, a complex endocrine disorder, among 470 girls with type 2 diabetes was examined in this systematic review and meta-analysis of six studies.
Authors: M. Constantine Samaan, M.D., M.Sc., of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.47454)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers assessed change during the pandemic in cases of early- and late-stage breast and colorectal cancer diagnoses at a California cancer center.
Authors: Jade Zifei Zhou, M.D., Ph.D., of the Moores Cancer Center at University of California San Diego Health in La Jolla, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48581)
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Authors: Gregory E. Simon, M.D., M.P.H., of the Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0423)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Factors associated with the magnitude of out-of-pocket spending for COVID-19 hospital care were assessed in this study.
Authors: Kao-Ping Chua, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48237)
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What The Study Did:A systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 studies found that autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) were associated with increased risk of mortality, and understanding the underlying reasons for these associations may lead to targeted strategies to prevent avoidable deaths.
Authors: Ferrán Catalá-López, Ph.D., of the Institute of Health Carlos III in Madrid, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.6401)
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What The Study Did: Worldwide a minority of children ages 5 and younger are meeting screen time guidelines according to a meta-analysis that included 63 studies and 89,000 participants.
Authors: Sheri Madigan, Ph.D., R.Psych., of the University of Calgary in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.6386)
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Authors: Ángel Chamorro, M.D., of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona in Barcelona, Spain, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1645)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an information channel to an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study of 2.5 million military veterans serving after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks examined the association of traumatic brain injury with mortality and compared mortality rates for this group with rates for the total U.S. population.
Authors: Jeffrey T. Howard, Ph.D., of the University of Texas at San Antonio, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48150)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an information channel to an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
What The Study Did: Researchers estimated the association of hospice care with lower total health care costs for the last days and months of life.
Authors: Melissa D. Aldridge, Ph.D., of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.5104)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an information channel to an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
What The Study Did:In this cross-sectional study of 643 Brazilian municipalities including 18,761 schools, on average, there was no systematic association between school reopening and COVID-19 case rates or mortality in São Paulo State up to 12 weeks after reopening, which was also the case for schools in the most vulnerable conditions.
Authors: Guilherme Lichand, Ph.D., of the University of Zurich, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.5032)
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Authors: Nicholas J. Vogelzang, M.D., of Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada in Las Vegas, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.7298)
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Authors: Ryan D. Nipp, M.D., M.P.H., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.7643)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
Visual Abstract
Authors: Jesse H. Wright, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Louisville School of Medicine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46716)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers assessed the association between the number of primary care physicians per capita and COVID-19 vaccination rates among U.S. counties.
Authors: Andrew T. Chan, M.D., M.P.H., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.47920)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This analysis of 1.3 million patients who underwent surgical procedures between 2008 and 2019 looked at how common it was for opioids to be prescribed before an operation.
Authors: Ryan Howard, M.D., of the Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation in Ann Arbor, Michigan, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.47897)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study analyzed the association between vaccination rates and new COVID-19 infections by county during the third wave of the pandemic in the United States from July to August 2021.
Authors: Diego F. Cuadros, Ph.D., of the University of Cincinnati, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.47915)
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What The Study Did:This large population-based study found no evident differences between newborns of women who received the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2 messenger RNA) during pregnancy compared with those newborns of women who weren’t vaccinated. Interpretation of study findings is limited by the observational design of the study.
Authors: Inbal Goldshtein, Ph.D., of Maccabi Healthcare Services in Tel Aviv, Israel, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.0001)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
Visual Abstract
Authors: Harry P. Selker, M.D., M.S.P.H., of Tufts University in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44942)
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What The Study Did: Researchers analyzed general surgery residency application, matriculation and graduation rates for Black trainees compared with their other racial and ethnic counterparts over time.
Authors: Cherisse Berry, M.D., of the New York University Grossman School of Medicine in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2021.7430)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study estimated the proportion of the U.S. population with access to emergency departments with acute stroke capabilities and telestroke capacity.
Authors: Kori S. Zachrison, M.D., M.Sc., of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.45824)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study found that in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 transmission mitigation protocols implemented by the NCAA, participation in intercollegiate athletics wasn’t associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 test positivity.
Authors: Calvin E. Hwang, M.D., of the Stanford University School of Medicine in Stanford, California, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.47805)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: In this study of 167,000 children in the US positive for SARS-CoV-2, of whom 10,000 were hospitalized, researchers examined factors associated with outcomes and disease severity.
Authors: Blake Martin, M.D., of the University of Colorado School of Medicine in Aurora, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.43151)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association of gut microbial composition with measures of cognition in nearly 600 middle-age adults.
Authors: Katie Meyer, Sc.D., of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.43941)
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Authors: Esra Tasali, M.D., of the University of Chicago, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.8098)
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Authors: Angel Rodríguez, M.D., Ph.D., of Lilly Spain in Madrid, Spain, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0078)
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What The Study Did: This study analyzed changes in the use of outpatient mental health care services among children and adolescents in Ontario, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Natasha Ruth Saunders, M.D., M.Sc., of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.6298)
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What The Study Did: Researchers estimated the proportion of e-cigarette users, ages 12 to 24, who vaped cannabis and the frequency of cannabis vaping.
Authors: Ruoyan Sun, Ph.D., of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.6102)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers examined whether implicit gender bias exists in the assessment of procedural competency in emergency medicine residents and if the gender of the evaluator is associated with any bias.
Authors: Michael Weinstock, M.D., of Ohio State University in Columbus, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.47351)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This survey study estimates the most commonly used opioid and nonopioid pain management techniques for chronic pain among adults in the United States.
Authors: Cornelius B. Groenewald, M.B., Ch.B., of the Seattle Children’s Research Institute in Seattle, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46697)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an information channel to an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
Visual Abstract
Authors: Daniel Croymans, M.D., M.B.A., M.S., of the University of California Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46863)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an information channel to an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
What The Study Did: This study of 790,000 Wisconsin Medicaid enrollees examined whether maintenance of eligibility requirements or pandemic-related employment shocks were associated with increased Medicaid enrollment during the first 7 months of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Laura Dague, Ph.D., of Texas A&M University in College Station, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4752)
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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an information channel to an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.
What The Study Did: Researchers analyzed the price differences between capsule and tablet or ointment and cream forms of prescription drugs for insured patients and estimated the savings from shifting to a lower-cost formulation.
Authors: Sunita M. Desai, Ph.D., of the NYU School of Medicine in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4823)
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers analyzed the association between vaccine coverage and the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants at a midwestern university during the spring 2021 semester.
Authors: Marie Lynn Miranda, Ph.D., of the University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46805)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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