About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study investigated how unemployment insurance and a $600 per week federal supplement to unemployment insurance were associated with food insecurity among people in low- and middle-income households who lost jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Julia Raifman, Sc.D., of the Boston University School of Public Health, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.35884)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study finds that being a health care worker isn’t associated with poorer outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Authors: Nauzer Forbes, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Calgary in Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.35699)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study among patients in Italy suggests that despite virological recovery, a sizable proportion of patients with COVID-19 experienced respiratory, functional or psychological conditions months after hospital discharge.
Authors: Mattia Bellan, M.D., Ph.D., of Università del Piemonte Orientale in Novara, Italy, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36142)
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 27, 2021
Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.
Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36353?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=012721
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers evaluated the association between the pandemic and clinical research and development by studying the initiation of oncology clinical trials over time.
Authors: Elizabeth B. Lamont, M.D., M.S., M.MSc., of Acorn AI by Medidata, a Dassault Systèmes Company, in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36353)
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What The Study Did: In this observational study of about 7,300 adults with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in a New York health system, a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of death after adjusting for demographic and medical risk factors. Mood and anxiety disorders weren’t associated with increased risk of mortality.
Authors: Donald C. Goff, M.D., of New York University Langone Medical Center in New York, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4442)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Survey data from school-age children and adolescents in Guangdong province, China, were used to assess self-reported psychological distress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Chichen Zhang, M.D., and Ruibin Zhang, Ph.D., of Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, and Xuefeng Yi, M.D., of the Health Publicity and Education Center of Guangdong Province, all in China, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.35487)
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The association of a shelter-in-place order with lower rates of seasonal respiratory viral activity was examined in this study.
Authors: Elizabeth Partridge, M.D., of the University of California at Davis School of Medicine in Sacramento, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.35281)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: The results of this study suggest that cumulative exposure to cigarette smoke is an independent risk factor for hospital admission and death from COVID-19.
Authors: Katherine E. Lowe, M.Sc., of the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve in Cleveland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.8360)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflicts of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: In this observational study, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection during a period of lockdown in southwest Germany was particularly low in children ages 1 to 10 years old. Overall, this large SARS-CoV-2 prevalence study in children is instructive for how ad hoc mass testing provides the basis for rational political decision-making in a pandemic setting.
Authors: Burkhard Tönshoff, M.D., of the University Children’s Hospital in Heidelberg, Germany, and Klaus-Michael Debatin, M.D., of Ulm University Medical Center in Ulm, Germany, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0001)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of three doses of bamlanivimab monotherapy (700 vs 2,800 vs 7,000 mg) vs combination bamlanivimab and etesevimab vs placebo on change in day 11 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral load in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19.
Authors: Daniel M. Skovronsky, M.D., Ph.D., of Eli Lilly and Company in Indianapolis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2021.0202)
Editor’s Note: The articles includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: This JAMA Insights review provides clinical details of anaphylactic reactions reported to and verified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the first week of use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in the United States.
Authors: Tom Shimabukuro, M.D., M.P.H., M.B.A., of the CDC in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2021.0600)
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What The Study Did: Researchers demonstrate a technique of tracheostomy that minimizes aerosolization risks while creating a tight seal around the tracheostomy tube.
Authors: Oluwafunmilola T. Okuyemi, M.D., M.S.C.I., of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.4432)
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What The Study Did: Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human corneas was examined in this study.
Authors: Maria Casagrande, M.D., of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf in Hamburg, Germany, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.6339)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: The cases of two children with eye injuries after unintentional contact between alcohol-based hand rubs and the eye are described in this observation.
Authors: Sonam Yangzes, M.S., of the Grewal Eye Institute in Chandigarh, India, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.6351)
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What The Study Did: An increase in pediatric cases of alcohol-based hand sanitizer eye exposure was assessed in this study, which also described the severity of ocular lesions and their management.
Authors: Gilles C. Martin, M.D., M.Sc., of theRothschild Foundation Hospital in Paris, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.6346)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Associations of the COVID-19 pandemic with overdoses among racial/ethnic groups in Philadelphia are described in this observational study.
Authors: Utsha G. Khatri, M.D., of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34878)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: A large health insurance database in Taiwan was used to investigate whether obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor in male infertility and if treatment for sleep apnea is associated with risk.
Authors: Ping-Ying Chang, M.D., Ph.D., and Wu-Chien Chien, Ph.D., of the National Defense Medical Center in Taipei, Taiwan, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.31846)
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study monitored suicide-related internet search rates during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and researchers report searches for suicide decreased during that time. Although this study cannot independently confirm that changes in search rates were caused by changes in population-level suicide rates, it showed that COVID-19 may have been inversely associated with population suicide trends between March and July 2020.
Authors: John W. Ayers, Ph.D., M.A., of theUniversity of California San Diego, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34261)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers assembled suicide death data for people 10 and older from January 2015 through May 2020 in this observational study and they report stable rates of suicide deaths during the COVID-19 stay-at-home advisory in Massachusetts, a finding that paralleles others following ecological disasters.
Authors: Jeremy Samuel Faust, M.D., M.S., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34273)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study estimated the frequency of reported forgone medical care because of the COVID-19 pandemic from March to mid-July 2020, including missed doses of prescription medications, forgone preventive and other general medical care, mental health care and elective surgeries, as well as reasons for forgoing care.
Authors: Kelly E. Anderson, M.P.P., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34882)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This investigation analyzed U.S. county-level associations of income inequality, racial/ethnic composition and political attributes with COVID-19 cases and mortality.
Author: Tim F. Liao, Ph.D., of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34578)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers examined individuals’ motivation to self-test and to distribute self-test kits given the urgent need to increase COVID-19 testing coverage and contact tracing.
Author: Cedric Bien-Gund, M.D., of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34001)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This observational study examined how COVID-19–related government-mandated closures and restrictions were associated with changes in mobility and the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria.
Author: Daniel O. Erim, M.D., Ph.D., M.Sc., of Parexel International in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32101)
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What The Study Did: Clinical characteristics and outcomes such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, blood clots and death were compared among hospitalized women with and without COVID-19 who gave birth between April and November 2020.
Authors: Scott D. Solomon, M.D., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.9241)
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What The Study Did: Researchers compared the accuracy of nucleic acid amplification testing of saliva samples with nasal swab samples for the diagnosis of COVID-19 by combining the results of 16 studies with nearly 6,000 patients.
Authors: Guillaume Butler-Laporte, M.D., of Royal Victoria Hospital in Montréal, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.8876)
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What The Study Did: Among patients hospitalized with mild to moderate COVID-19 and who were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) before hospital admission, there was no significant difference in the average number of days alive and out of the hospital for those assigned to discontinue versus continue these medications in this randomized clinical trial. These findings do not support routinely discontinuing ACEIs or ARBs among patients hospitalized with mild to moderate COVID-19 if there is an indication for treatment.
Authors: Renato D. Lopes, M.D., Ph.D.,of the Duke Clinical Research Institute in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
Visual Abstract:
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.25864)
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What The Study Did: When quarantine was imposed in Wuhan, China, because of COVID-19, all schools were closed. This study aimed to investigate the how common depression and anxiety were and their associations with lifestyle changes among adolescents in Wuhan.
Authors: Jiwei Wang, Ph.D., of Fudan University in Shanghai, China, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5499)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: COVID-19 among people detained by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement is described and compared with the U.S. population.
Author: Kathryn M. Nowotny, Ph.D., of the University of Miami in Florida, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34409)
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Whether COVID-19 mortality was associated with COVID-19 intensive care unit strain was investigated in this observational study.
Author: Dawn M. Bravata, M.D., of Health Services Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs in Indianapolis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34266)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JANUARY 19, 2021
Media advisory: To contact the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, email the Media Coordinator at Newsroom@USPSTF.net or call 301-951-9203. The full report and related articles are linked to this news release.
Bottom Line: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends that clinicians ask all adults about tobacco use, advise them to stop using it, and provide behavioral interventions and pharmacotherapy for quitting to nonpregnant adults. The recommendation for pregnant adults is largely the same, except the USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of pharmacotherapy interventions for tobacco cessation in those who are pregnant. The USPSTF routinely makes recommendations about the effectiveness of preventive care services and this statement is consistent with the 2015 recommendation and incorporates newer evidence and language in the field of tobacco cessation, including new evidence on the harms of e-cigarettes.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.25019)
Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
Note: More information about the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, its process, and its recommendations can be found on the newsroom page of its website.
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What The Study Did: Which demographic and socioeconomic factors were associated with patient participation in telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic surge was examined in this observational study.
Authors: Ilaaf Darrat, M.D., M.B.A., of the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.5161)
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What The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association of home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak with myopia (nearsightedness) development in school-age children in China.
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: The number of patients undergoing cancer screening tests and of subsequent cancer diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic in the largest health care system in the northeastern United States was assessed in this study.
Authors: Toni K. Choueiri, M.D., of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Quoc-Dien Trinh, M.D., of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.7600)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Researchers in this randomized clinical trial compared injection-site pain and other reactions among adults age 65 and older who received flu vaccines.
Author: Kenneth E. Schmader, M.D., of the Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, is the corresponding author.
Visual Abstract
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.31266)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: National register data from Denmark were used to examine if people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of suicide attempts and suicide compared to those without ASD and to identify potential risk factors.
Author: Kairi Kõlves, Ph.D., of Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33565)
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What The Study Did: Researchers examined pediatric COVID-19 hospitalization trends in 22 states for both severity among this population and spread of the virus.
Authors: Pinar Karaca-Mandic, Ph.D., of the University of Minnesota Carlson School of Management in Minneapolis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5535)
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What The Study Did: This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of two antibiotic strategies (oral moxifloxacin versus intravenous ertapenem followed by oral levofloxacin) on hospital discharge without surgery and recurrent appendicitis over one year among adults presenting to the emergency department with uncomplicated acute appendicitis.
Authors: Paulina Salminen, M.D., Ph.D., of Turku University Hospital in Turku, Finland, is the corresponding author.
Visual Abstract
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.23525)
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What The Study Did: Variations and changes in national and state rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome and maternal opioid-related diagnoses were examined in this observational study.
Authors: Ashley H. Hirai, Ph.D., of the Health Resources and Services Administration in Rockville, Maryland, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24991)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflicts of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study adapted a well-established tool for measuring inequity from economics—the Lorenz curve—to measure racial inequities in COVID-19 testing.
Author: Aaloke Mody, M.D., of the Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32696)
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Medical records for patients admitted to an urban academic medical center were analyzed for race and ethnicity for evidence of racial bias in clinician documentation.
Authors: Jessica R. Balderston, M.D., of Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center in Richmond, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.5792)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflicts of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Under a range of assumptions of presymptomatic transmission and transmission from individuals with infection who never develop symptoms, the model presented here estimated that more than half of transmission comes from asymptomatic individuals.
Author: Jay C. Butler, M.D., of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.35057)
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did:This cross-sectional study maps a coronavirus research question to illustrate the overlap and shortcomings of the evidence syntheses in this area.
Author: Giordano Pérez-Gaxiola, M.D., M.Sc., of Sinaloa Pediatric Hospital’s Cochrane Associate Centre in Culiacan, Mexico, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32769)
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What The Study Did: The outcomes of a cancer center-wide virtual care program launched in response to the COVID-19 pandemic were examined in this study.
Authors: Alejandro Berlin, M.D., M.Sc., of the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.6982)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: To adapt to broader public health initiatives around COVID-19, researchers developed a drive-through intraocular pressure (IOP) screening clinic to minimize COVID-19 exposure for patients and clinicians by measuring eye pressure in the unconventional setting of a clinic parking lot.
Authors: Miel Sundararajan, M.D., of the University of California, San Francisco, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.6073)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Population data from Denmark were used to examine whether age at exposure to negative experiences in childhood and adolescence (parents’ unemployment, incarceration, mental disorders, death and divorce, and the child’s foster care experiences) was associated with outcomes in early adulthood.
Author: Signe Hald Andersen, Ph.D., of the Rockwool Foundation Research Unit in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32769)
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Researchers compared changes in preoperative aided speech recognition with postoperative speech recognition among individuals who received cochlear implants.
Authors: Theodore R. McRackan, M.D., M.S.C.R., of the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.5094)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflicts of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Changes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and fatalities in the Detroit area during the COVID-19 pandemic are compared with year-earlier events for the same period in this observational study.
Authors: Adrienne V. Nickles, M.P.H., of the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services in Lansing, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32331)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
# # #
For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The findings of this survey study suggest that simply providing maps with COVID-19 case information wasn’t necessarily associated with improved public knowledge, risk perception or reported intent to adhere to health guidelines.
Authors: Angela Fagerlin, Ph.D., of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33538)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Changes were assessed in abortions performed and at what gestational age following a Texas order postponing nonmedically necessary surgeries due to the COVID-19 pandemic compared with abortions performed during the same months in 2019.
Authors: Kari White, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the University of Texas at Austin, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24096)
Editor’s Note: The articles includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Viewpoint Says: The rapid spread of scientific misinformation on social media platforms throughout the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed in this Viewpoint, which also proposes strategies to counteract its adverse effects including surveillance of digital data and partnering with trusted messengers to engage the public and advance scientifically sound public health measures.
Authors: Raina M. Merchant, M.D., M.S.H.P., of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jama.2020.24514)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
# # #
For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: The findings of a survey study using data from California suggests the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increases in self-reported worry about violence for oneself and others, increased firearm acquisition and changes in firearm storage practices.
Authors: Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz, Ph.D., M.P.H., University of California Firearm Violence Research Center and Violence Prevention Research Program, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine in Sacramento, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33484)
Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
# # #
For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Denmark was one of the first countries to enforce lockdown to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and subsequent gradual reopening, whereas Sweden has had few restrictions, largely limited to public recommendations. Researchers assessed public mobility and social media attention associated with COVID-19 spread and societal interventions from February to June in Denmark and Sweden.
Authors: Isabell Brikell, Ph.D., of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33478)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
# # #
For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: Data from public health surveillance of reported COVID-19 cases and seroprevalence surveys were used in this observational study that reports an estimated 46.9 million SARS-CoV-2 infections, 28.1 million symptomatic infections, 956,174 hospitalizations and 304,915 deaths occurred in the U.S. through November 15, 2020.
Authors: Frederick J. Angulo, D.V.M., Ph.D., of Medical Development and Scientific/Clinical Affairs of Pfizer Vaccines, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33706)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: In this observational study of 5,256 U.S. nursing home residents with COVID-19, increased age, male sex and impaired cognitive and physical function were independent risk factors for all-cause 30-day mortality.
Authors: Orestis A. Panagiotou, M.D., Ph.D., of the Brown University School of Public Health in Providence, Rhode Island, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.7968)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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What The Study Did: Researchers used health insurance data from Taiwan to investigate the risk of substance use disorder among patients with autism spectrum disorder and its associations with risk of death.
Authors: Chih-Sung Liang, M.D., of the National Defense Medical Center, and Mu-Hong Chen, M.D., Ph.D., of the Taipei Veterans General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan, are the corresponding authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5371)
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What The Viewpoint Says: An unexpected tragedy of the COVID-19 pandemic is increased opioid and fentanyl overdoses, since many factors could have reduced opioid use disorder (OUD) and overdoses during this pandemic. Another tragedy is that both epidemics depend on vaccine development, but antifentanyl vaccine support includes no pharmaceutical and only three government investments, while industry and government support more than 120 COVID-19 vaccines. This discrepancy in support reflects stigma against those with OUD and failure of approved treatments to decrease overdoses.
Authors: Thomas R. Kosten, M.D., of the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4148)
Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.
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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or emailmedia relations.
About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
What The Study Did: This study identified racial/ ethnic, sex, age, language, and socioeconomic differences in accessing telemedicine for primary care and specialty ambulatory care; if not addressed, these differences may compound existing inequities in care among vulnerable populations.
Authors: Srinath Adusumalli, M.D., M.Sc., of the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.31640)
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What The Study Did: Severe COVID-19 is characterized by the intense formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), leading to the blockage of microvessels, as shown in pulmonary samples. The occurrence of ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a serious cardiac manifestation of COVID-19; the intrinsic mechanism of coronary thrombosis appears to still be unknown. This case series report of five patients sought to determine the role of NETs in coronary thrombosis in patients with COVID-19.
Authors: Ana Blasco, M.D., Ph.D., of the Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro–Majadahonda in Madrid, Spain, is the corresponding author.
(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.7308)
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What The Patient Page Says: We have all lived with COVID-19 for about a year now. Overall, we have learned that children get sick less often than adults, but a few children have gotten severely sick. This update summarizes the current understanding of how children are affected and gives ways to keep families safe as children continue to grow and thrive.
Authors: Lindsay A. Thompson, M.D., M.S., and Sonja A. Rasmussen, M.D., M.S., of the University of Florida College of Medicine in Gainesville, are the authors.
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5817)
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