Original Investigation

Measures of General Intelligence and Risk for Alcohol Use Disorder

JAMA Psychiatry 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.2689

October 01, 2025 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Is there an association between IQ and risk for alcohol use disorder, and if so, what is the nature of this association?In a male Swedish cohort including 573 855 participants, IQ at age 18 years was associated with subsequent alcohol use disorder risk. Mendelian randomization analyses suggest a causal association, albeit with context-dependent differences; genetic liability for cognitive performance also predicted alcohol use disorder in a US-based sample.Results suggest that there was a clear impact of genetic liability for cognitive performance on alcohol disorder risk, but the association varies based on the sociocultural context.

Corresponding Author: Markus Heilig, MD, PhD, Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, S-581 85, Linköping, Sweden (markus.heilig@liu.se).

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