Deep Learning–Based Prediction of Cardiopulmonary Disease in Retinal Images of Premature Infants

Can an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm diagnose bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the retinal images of preterm infants obtained during retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening examinations?In this diagnostic study including 493 infants at risk for ROP, AI was able to predict the presence of both BPD and PH in retinal images with higher accuracy than what could be predicted based on baseline demographic risk alone.These results support the hypothesis that deploying AI models using images obtained during ROP screening could lead to earlier diagnosis and avoid the need for more invasive diagnostic testing.

Corresponding Author: J. Peter Campbell, MD, MPH, Ophthalmology, Oregon Health campbelp@ohsu.edu).

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