GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cancer Risk in Adults With Obesity

Is taking glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) associated with the risk of developing cancer among adults with obesity?In this retrospective cohort study using a target trial emulation design with electronic health records from OneFlorida+, 43 317 individuals taking GLP-1RAs were compared with 43 315 matched nonusers. Taking GLP-1RAs was significantly associated with a reduced risk of overall cancer, particularly for endometrial, meningioma, and ovarian cancers; however, GLP-1RAs were associated with a nonsignificant increased risk of kidney cancer.These findings suggest taking GLP-1RAs may influence cancer risk, highlighting the need for long-term follow-up to understand underlying mechanisms.

Corresponding Author: Jiang Bian, PhD, Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University, 1101 W 10th St, Indianapolis, IN 46202 (bianji@iu.edu).

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