Original Investigation

Risk Factors for COVID-19–Related Hospitalization and Death in Patients With Cancer

JAMA Oncology 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.2010

July 17, 2025 at 11:00 AM EDT

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What are the risk factors for COVID-19–related hospitalization and death in patients with active cancer receiving treatment and the impact of COVID-19 on patients with cancer?In this prospective cohort study of 1572 adults with cancer and a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result, the cumulative incidence of COVID-19–specific death in the first 90 days was highest in patients with lymphoma, intermediate in patients with acute leukemia and lung cancer, and lowest in patients with other solid tumors and other hematologic cancers. In multivariable analysis, receipt of chemotherapy and baseline history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, or pulmonary embolism were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization, and vaccination prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with a lower risk of hospitalization.COVID-19 infection had a significant impact on patients with cancer, and risk factors for hospitalization and mortality were identified.

Corresponding Author: Larissa A. Korde, MD, MPH, Head, Breast Cancer and Melanoma Therapeutics, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, 9609 Medical Center Dr, 5W344, Rockville, MD 20850 (larissa.korde@nih.gov).

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