Original Investigation

Cognitive Decline Preceding Incident Cardiovascular Events in Older Adults

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.7841

April 20, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Does cognitive decline begin prior to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in older adults?In this case-control study, individuals who experienced a CVD event exhibited significantly faster cognitive decline across all cognitive domains compared with matched control participants, beginning between 3 and 8 years before the event. Processing speed declined earliest, with significant differences evident 8 years prior.These findings suggest that cognitive decline, particularly with regard to processing speed, may begin several years before a CVD event and may serve as an early indicator of future cardiovascular risk.

Corresponding Authors: Swarna Vishwanath, PhD (swarna.vishwanath@monash.edu), and Joanne Ryan, PhD (joanne.ryan@monash.edu), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Level 2, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.

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