β-Lactam vs Non–β-Lactam Prophylaxis in Elective Colorectal Surgery

Are surgical prophylaxis regimens containing β-lactam antibiotics associated with lower surgical site infections (SSIs) compared with non–β-lactam alternative regimens in patients undergoing colorectal operations when considering antibiotic timing and dose optimization?In this cohort study including 20 140 procedures in adult patients receiving β-lactam and non–β-lactam alternative prophylaxis for elective colorectal surgery, the use of β-lactam prophylaxis regimens was associated with increased guideline-concordant prophylaxis dosing and timing and reduced SSIs.This study suggests that, regardless of differences in guideline-concordant dosing and timing, β-lactam surgical prophylaxis is associated with lower risk of SSIs compared with those who receive non–β-lactam alternative regimens.

Corresponding Authors: Curtis D. Collins, PharmD, MS (curtis.collins@trinity-health.org), and Kara K. Brockhaus, PharmD (kara.brockhaus@trinity-health.org), Department of Pharmacy Services, Trinity Health Ann Arbor, 5301 McAuley Dr, Ypsilanti, MI 48197.

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