Kindergarten Screening for Early (Grade 1) and Late-Emerging (Grade 4) Dyslexia Risk

Can cognitive-linguistic screening in kindergarten identify children at risk for both early-emerging (grade 1) and late-emerging (grade 4) dyslexia?In this cohort study of 515 Hebrew-speaking children, kindergarten letter knowledge and phonological awareness deficits were associated with a 4- to 5-fold increased risk of dyslexia in grade 1, and letter knowledge, morphological awareness, and rapid automatized naming deficits were associated with a 2.4- to 3.6-fold increased risk in grade 4, independent of grade 1 dyslexia risk.These findings provide foundational evidence to support the integration of developmentally sensitive dyslexia screening within pediatric surveillance frameworks, facilitating a shift from reactive identification to preventive care, including for late-emerging dyslexia risk.

Corresponding Author: Avi Karni, MD, PhD, The Herta avi.karni@yahoo.com& Paul Amir School of Medicine, University of Haifa (rotemwr82@gmail.com), 199 Aba Khoushy Ave, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel 3498838.

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