Original Investigation

Race and Ethnicity and Overall Survival in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.28602

August 12, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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In this cohort study of pediatric patients with AML, differential cardiovascular and respiratory acuity at presentation were partial mediators of outcome disparities for Black children with AML. Other intermediates along the care continuum should be identified to account for the remainder of the observed outcomes and to prioritize focus areas for interventional efforts to mitigate the survival differences.

Corresponding Author: Daniel J. Zheng, MD, MHS, MSHP, Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, CHOP HUB for Clinical Collaboration, 3500 Civic Center Blvd, Office 2569, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (zhengd1@chop.edu).

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