Incidence of Recurrent Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Canada

What is the incidence of recurrent invasive pneumococcal disease (rIPD) and what characteristics are associated with increased risk?This cohort study, which included 7006 adults in Calgary and Toronto who survived a primary episode of IPD, identified an incidence of rIPD of 1468 cases per 100 000 person-years in study year 1 and 146 cases per 100 000 person-years in study years 5 to 15, compared with 9.7 cases per 100 000 person-years in the overall adult population. Risk was higher in adults who were experiencing homelessness, had alcohol use disorder, or had immunocompromising conditions.These findings suggest that rIPD occurred at a persistently higher rate than primary IPD in the general adult population, with vulnerable populations being overrepresented in rIPD.

Corresponding Author: James D. Kellner, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children’s Hospital, 28 Oki Dr NW, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, Canada (kellner@ucalgary.ca).

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