Original Investigation

Neuropathologic Profiles and Associated Cognitive Trajectories in Community-Living Older Adults

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.54354

January 16, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST

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What are the latent neuropathologic profiles and associated cognitive trajectories in community-living older adults?In this cohort study with 1633 older adults, more than 80% of the individuals had mixed pathologies, with 280 distinct combinations of copathologies. Hierarchical clustering and functional mixed-effects models identified 5 distinct neuropathologic profiles and associated cognitive trajectories.These findings suggest that mixed neuropathologies are complex, some profiles have stronger associations with cognitive aging.

Corresponding Author: Lei Yu, PhD, Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, 1750 W Harrison St, Ste 1000, Chicago, IL 60612 (lei_yu@rush.edu).

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