Exposure to Multiple Fine Particulate Matter Components and Incident Depression in the US Medicare Population

What are the associations of long-term exposure to multiple fine particulate matter (PM) major components with incident depression among older adults in the US, and what roles do comorbidities play?In this cohort study of 23 696 223 older adults, long-term exposure to PM components, mainly due to sulfate, elemental carbon, and soil dust, was associated with increased risk of depression. The associations were more pronounced among individuals with cardiometabolic and neurologic comorbidities.These findings suggest that regulation of specific PM components may help reduce depression risk, particularly among vulnerable older populations.

Corresponding Author: Yang Liu, PhD, Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 (yang.liu@emory.edu).

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