Risk Factors for West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease and Mortality in the US, 2013-2024

What were the risk factors associated with West Nile neuroinvasive disease and mortality in the US between 2013 and 2024?In this cohort study of 3064 adults, older age, chronic kidney disease, and cerebrovascular disease were significantly associated with both West Nile neuroinvasive disease and mortality. Additionally, male sex, hematologic malignant neoplasms, immune suppressants, hypertension, alcohol-related disorders, and multiple sclerosis were risk factors significantly associated with West Nile neuroinvasive disease.The findings of this study suggest that an aging population in the US, with a rising prevalence of comorbidities and immunosuppression, may be increasingly at higher risk of severe disease from West Nile virus infection.

Corresponding Author: Seth D. Judson, MD, MHS, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 911 Broxton Ave, #301, Los Angeles, CA 90024 (sdjudson@mednet.ucla.edu).

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