Female Sex and Mortality in Patients With Gram-Negative Bacteremia

Are female patients with gram-negative bloodstream infection at increased risk of death relative to male patients?In this systematic review and meta-analysis that included 16 350 patients from 25 studies in the primary analysis, female sex was not associated with increased mortality. No patient subgroups with sex-specific differences in mortality were identified in the adjusted analyses.Findings suggest that in contrast to female patients with bloodstream infection, those with gram-negative bloodstream infection are not at increased risk of death relative to male patients.

Corresponding Author: Joshua T. Thaden, MD, PhD, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC Box 102359, Durham, NC 27710 (joshua.thaden@duke.edu).

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