Original Investigation

Clinical and Pathologic Factors in Stage I and II Melanoma Recurrence

JAMA Dermatology 10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0001

March 04, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST

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What demographic, clinical, and pathological characteristics are associated with the time to recurrence of localized melanomas?In this cohort study of 1092 individuals diagnosed with stage IA to IIC melanomas, tumor ulceration, thickness, location on the face or scalp or neck compared with the arms, neurotropism, lymphovascular invasion, and presence of mitoses were associated with time to melanoma recurrence in multivariable analysis.Results of this study suggest that factors in addition to melanoma ulceration and thickness provide an important guide for patient surveillance and counseling about potential recurrence.

Corresponding Author: Maria L. Wei, MD, PhD, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1701 Divisadero St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94115 (maria.wei@ucsf.edu).

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