Twenty-Year Follow-Up After Patent Foramen Ovale Closure in Patients With Paradoxical Embolism

What are the very long-term outcomes after transcatheter patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in patients with PFO-associated embolism?In this single-center study that included 130 patients with a 20-year follow-up, recurrent ischemic events were rare (stroke <1%). Bleeding events occurred in 13% of patients, mostly among women and those receiving prolonged antithrombotic therapy.While PFO closure can provide durable protection against recurrent ischemic events, individualized antithrombotic strategies are essential to minimize long-term bleeding risk.

Corresponding Author: Josep Rodés-Cabau, MD, PhD, Québec Heart josep.rodes@criucpq.ulaval.ca).

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