Biomarker-Based Eligibility for Lung Cancer Screening

Can blood-based biomarkers improve selection of high-risk individuals for low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening compared with current methods for risk assessment?The protein-based Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Risk and Etiology (INTEGRAL)–Risk model had higher discrimination than the questionnaire-based PLCOm2012 (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial) model when predicting lung cancer over 1 year. When using the model to select the same number of individuals with a smoking history for referral to low-dose computed tomography screening as the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2021, the INTEGRAL-Risk model captured 85% of lung cancer cases diagnosed within 1 year, compared with 70% by the PLCOm2012 model and 63% by USPSTF 2021 criteria.A proteomic biomarker-based risk model can improve short-term lung cancer risk assessment with the potential to identify individuals who would benefit from low-dose computed tomography screening.

Corresponding Authors: Mattias Johansson, PhD (johanssonm@iarc.who.int), and Hilary A. Robbins, PhD (robbinsh@iarc.who.int), Early Detection, Prevention, and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 Ave Tony Garnier, 69366 Lyon Cedex 07, France.

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