Trends in Insulin Out-of-Pocket Costs Among US Medicare Beneficiaries

This study reports decreasing out-of-pocket costs for insulin among Medicare beneficiaries not receiving the low-income subsidy and examines the distribution of costs by state from 2019 through 2023.

Corresponding Author: Michael Fang, PhD, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 E Monument St, Baltimore, MD 21205 (mfang9@jh.edu).

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