Estimating Intervention Effects With Difference-in-Differences

This Guide to Statistics and Methods provides an overview of the difference-in-differences method, a tool for addressing potential biases by contrasting the change in the outcome of interest from before an intervention to after, between settings experiencing and those not experiencing the intervention.

Corresponding Author: Alyssa Bilinski, PhD, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, 8th Floor, Providence, RI 02903 (alyssa_bilinski@brown.edu).

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