Perspective

Consciousness and Controlled Donation After Circulatory Determination of Death

JAMA 10.1001/jama.2025.27045

January 26, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST

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This Perspective discusses the limitations of reliable assessment of consciousness in critically ill, behaviorally unresponsive patients in light of recent situations in which such patients exhibited signs of consciousness moments before initiation of organ recovery surgery.

Corresponding Author: Michael J. Young, MD, MPhil, Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 (michael.young@mgh.harvard.edu).

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