Review

Patent Foramen Ovale and Stroke

JAMA 10.1001/jama.2025.10946

July 28, 2025 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Patent foramen ovale is present in approximately 25% of all adults and is a common cause of stroke in young and middle-aged patients. The PASCAL classification system can help guide patient selection for PFO closure. Percutaneous PFO closure substantially reduces the risk of stroke recurrence in well-selected patients younger than 60 years after cryptogenic stroke.

Corresponding Author: David Kent, MD, MS, Predictive Analytics and Comparative Effectiveness (PACE) Center, Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St, Box 63, Boston, MA 02111 (david.kent@tuftsmedicine.org).

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