One-Year Actigraphy Study of Sleep and Rest-Activity Rhythms as Markers of Relapse in Depression

Are actigraphy-derived sleep and rest-activity rhythms associated with relapse in depression?In this cohort study of 93 deeply phenotyped adults with remitted depression, lower baseline sleep regularity, relative amplitude (RA), sleep efficiency, and higher wake after sleep onset were associated with an approximately 2-fold higher relapse risk. Lower RA remained predictive after adjusting for concurrent Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale scores.Results suggest that actigraphy metrics may serve as scalable biomarkers to identify individuals at higher risk of relapse, supporting the use of digital technology for relapse monitoring.

Corresponding Author: Benicio N. Frey, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 100 W 5th St, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada (freybn@mcmaster.ca).

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