Cancer Risk in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With a Pretransplant Cancer History

What is the risk of cancer among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with a history of pretransplant cancer?In a US cohort of 520 424 SOT recipients, we evaluated 33 types of posttransplant cancer in relation to 18 types of pretransplant cancer. Posttransplant cancer risks were elevated among SOT recipients with a pretransplant diagnosis of the same type, for cancers of the breast, lung, kidney, urinary bladder, liver, and colorectum, and melanoma; some associations with subsequent cancer risk differed between recipients and the general population.These findings indicate that SOT recipients with pretransplant cancers need close monitoring and may require enhanced screening for certain cancers.

Corresponding Author: Jun Tao, PhD, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 (jun.tao@nih.gov).

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