Original Investigation

Low-Dose Aspirin for Individualized Cancer Prevention in Older Adults

JAMA Oncology 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.3593

September 25, 2025 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Among healthy older people, does the effect of low-dose aspirin (LDA) on cancer prevention vary based on individual characteristics?In this comparative effectiveness study as a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial involving 9350 healthy adults 70 years or older, results calculated using an effect score model suggested heterogeneity in the individualized treatment effects (ITEs) of LDA (100 mg per day) on cancer prevention. Nonsmoking status and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential at a variant allele frequency of 10% or greater were associated with LDA benefit.The findings of this analysis suggest that the ITE of LDA on cancer prevention in older adults varies by participant characteristics.

Corresponding Author: Le Thi Phuong Thao, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia (thao.le@monash.edu).

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