Original Investigation

Organ Preservation and Quality of Life After Total Neoadjuvant Treatment in Rectal Cancer

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.39063

October 15, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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In the absence of prospective randomized trials, this study provides evidence suggesting long-term clinically meaningful benefits for organ preservation regarding QOL, especially for most gastrointestinal subscales, social functioning, and global health status, over a 5-year period among patients with rectal cancer. As treatment options for patients with rectal cancer now routinely include WW in cases of clinical complete response after TNT, patient-reported QOL measures have become paramount for informed shared decision-making.

Corresponding Author: Markus Diefenhardt, MD, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University of Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany (diefenhardt@med.uni-frankfurt.de).

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