Two-Year Outcomes of Less Invasive Surfactant Administration Among Preterm Neonates

In preterm neonates supported with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), is early caffeine administration and less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) associated with a lower frequency of death or moderate to severe neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years compared with CPAP support alone?In this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial of 180 infants born at a gestational age of 24 to 29 weeks 6 days, 82% had follow-up data, and death or NDI occurred in 23% receiving LISA compared with 33% receiving CPAP alone. This difference was not statistically significant.These findings suggest that among preterm infants supported with CPAP, LISA was not associated with a reduction in death or NDI at 2 years.

Corresponding Author: Rebecca A. Dorner, MD, Neonatal Research Institute, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women rebecca.dorner@sharp.com).

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