Original Investigation

Maternal Cardiovascular Health During Pregnancy and Offspring Developmental Delay

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.18804

June 23, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Is maternal cardiovascular health (CVH) during pregnancy associated with developmental delay in offspring at age 4 years?In this cohort study of 8238 mother and offspring pairs, developmental delay occurred in offspring of 8.8% of mothers with high CVH, 12.1% with moderate CVH, and 16.8% with low CVH. Compared with high CVH, moderate and low CVH during pregnancy were associated with developmental delay in total.The findings showed that poor maternal CVH during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of developmental delay in early childhood.

Corresponding Author: Mami Ishikuro, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8573, Japan (mami.ishikuro.e5@tohoku.ac.jp).

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