Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents and Development of Cancer Among Patients Receiving Dialysis

Is there an association between erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in the management of anemia and cancer risk in patients with kidney failure?In this case-control study of 9776 patients undergoing dialysis, high-dose ESA use was associated with higher odds of new cancer development among older patients (aged ≥60 years).These findings suggest caution should be exercised to avoid aiming for excessively high hemoglobin levels during ESA therapy.

Corresponding Author: Hyung Woo Kim, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (drhwint@yuhs.ac).

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