Risk of Household Secondary Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections After a Prophylaxis Policy Change

Was the Dutch public health policy change for invasive Group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease, which expanded antibiotic prophylactic eligibility, associated with a decreased risk of secondary iGAS infection among household contacts?In this nationwide cohort study of 19 006 247 individuals, there was a significant 4.5-fold reduction in the iGAS secondary attack rate among household contacts after the policy change.These findings suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis for household contacts of patients with iGAS prevents secondary iGAS infection.

Corresponding Author: Brechje de Gier, PhD, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, PO box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands (brechje.de.gier@rivm.nl).

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