Original Investigation

Liver Metastases and Survival Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.50467

December 22, 2025 at 11:00 AM EST

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How has the incidence, characteristics, and survival of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) changed over time in Denmark?In this cohort study of 14 785 patients with CRLM, the cumulative incidence of CRLM decreased across all age groups over time. Survival increased for patients with synchronous CRLM and early metachronous CRLM but not for those with late metachronous CRLM.These results support the need for targeted follow-up and treatment strategies based on the timing of metastasis.

Corresponding Author: Ida Ravnsbæk Johannsen, MD, Department of Surgery, HPB Section, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 35, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark (idarjo@clin.au.dk).

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