Research Letter

Lead Service Lines and Infant Blood Lead Levels

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.50444

December 17, 2025 at 11:00 AM EST

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This cross-sectional study investigates whether living in a residence with a lead service line is associated with blood lead levels among infants.

Corresponding Author: Joanna Balza, PhD, RN, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226 (jbalza@mcw.edu).

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