Cue-Elicited Brain Activity and Treatment Outcomes in Substance Use Disorders

Can functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) cue reactivity serve as a predictive biomarker or response biomarker of treatment outcomes in individuals with substance use disorders?This meta-analysis of 51 fMRI cue reactivity studies with 1757 participants identified consistent cue-elicited brain activation patterns. Lower baseline activation in the insula and cingulate was associated with better treatment outcomes, whereas regions including the cingulate, caudate, accumbens, and insula, showed reduced activation following treatment.fMRI cue reactivity shows promise as a predictive biomarker and response biomarker for substance use disorder treatment, supporting its potential utility in guiding and evaluating therapeutic interventions.

Corresponding Author: Jodi M. Gilman, PhD, Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 101 Merrimac St, Ste 320, Boston, MA 02114 (jgilman1@mgh.harvard.edu).

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