Risk and Outcomes of Secondary Cancer Among Lung Cancer Survivors After Definitive Treatment

Among non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survivors who underwent curative-intent local therapy, what is the incidence and timing of non-lung secondary cancers (NLSCs) vs intrathoracic new cancers (locoregional or distant recurrences confined to the thorax and/or second primary lung cancers), and which clinical factors are associated with NLSCs?In this cohort study of 496 NSCLC survivors, 5-year cumulative incidence was 11.5% for recurrence and 5.6% for NLSC. Intrathoracic new cancer incidence was 16.8% vs 10.4% for extrathoracic cancer at 5 years.These findings suggest the risk of NLSC is clinically meaningful and concentrated in genetically predisposed survivors, supporting risk-adapted surveillance beyond the chest.

Corresponding Author: Matthew T. McMillan, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 (mcmillm1@mskcc.org).

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