Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome, 2016 to 2022

How did cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) present and change in US emergency departments (EDs) from 2016 to 2022?In this cross-sectional study of the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, with more than 188 million ED visits, CHS visits clustered among adults aged 18 to 35 years, rose during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2021, then plateaued. Among ED visits with primary cyclic vomiting syndrome, the conditional probability of CHS remained elevated in 2022.These findings suggest that CHS represents a growing share of emesis-related ED visits, especially among younger adults; greater awareness, standardized diagnostic practices, and use of the recently added codes (F12.188) may improve recognition and management as cannabis use expands postlegalization.

Corresponding Author: James A. Swartz, PhD, Jane Addams College of Social Work, University of Illinois Chicago, 1040 W Harrison St, MC 309, Chicago, IL 60607 (jaswartz@uic.edu).

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