Original Investigation

Patient-Physician Messaging by Race, Ethnicity, Insurance Type, and Preferred Language

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.34549

October 07, 2025 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Are there differences in the patterns of care teams' responses to asynchronous patient portal messages by patient demographic characteristics?In this cross-sectional study of 341 836 patients who sent asynchronous patient portal messages to their primary care physician, the prevalence of receiving a response from any care team member within 1 business day was lower for Black and Hispanic patients compared with White patients, dual-eligible patients compared with commerically insured patients, and Spanish-preferring compared with English-preferring patients.These findings suggest that there were significant differences in the responsiveness of primary care teams to asynchronous patient-portal messages by race and ethnicity, insurance type, and language.

Corresponding Author: Lisa S. Rotenstein, MD, MBA, MSc, University of California at San Francisco, 10 Koret Way, Room 321, San Francisco, CA 94130 (lisa.rotenstein@ucsf.edu).

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