Vascular Risk Factors and 1-Year Cognitive Change Among Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury

Do individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) with comorbid preinjury vascular risk factors have lower cognitive function at 2 weeks postinjury and less cognitive recovery over the first-year postinjury compared with individuals with TBI without comorbid preinjury vascular risk factors?In this prospective cohort of 1313 adults with TBI, compared with participants without diabetes, participants with diabetes had worse global cognitive factor scores at 2 weeks postinjury, but similar improvement over the first-year postinjury. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking were not associated with global cognitive performance.These findings suggest that individuals with diabetes may have poorer global cognitive function in the short term, but had similar improvement in global cognitive function over the first year after experiencing TBI.

Corresponding Author: Andrea L. C. Schneider, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market St, Room 724, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Andrea.Schneider@pennmedicine.upenn.edu).

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