Extreme Risk Protection Orders and Firearm and Nonfirearm Suicides in the US
JAMA Health Forum 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2025.6442January 30, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST
Were Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) laws passed alone (no other firearm laws passed simultaneously or 1 year after) during 2018 to 2020 associated with fewer firearm suicides without shifts to nonfirearm suicides?In this cohort study of US county-level suicide data in 4 states with and 8 without ERPO laws, ERPOs were associated with 675 fewer estimated firearm suicides over the treatment period without measurable increases in nonfirearm suicides.These results suggest ERPOs may serve as effective public health tools to reduce firearm suicides without increasing suicides by alternative methods.
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